"Kherson" ("The Seventh", "Basil the Great") - sailing 42-gun frigate of the Azov flotilla and the Black Sea Fleet of Russia .
| "Kherson" | |
|---|---|
| Service | |
 Russia | |
| Ship class and type | 42-gun frigate |
| Type of sailing equipment | Three-masted ship |
| Organization | Black Sea Fleet |
| Manufacturer | Novokhopyorsk Shipyard [1] |
| Ship master | I.I. Afanasyev [2] |
| Construction started | January 18, 1774 [1] |
| Launched | April 2, 1777 [1] |
| Removed from the fleet | 1788 [1] |
| Main characteristics | |
| Upper deck length | 34.8 m [1] [2] |
| Mid- width width | 9.2 m [1] [2] |
| Draft | 3.4 m [1] [2] |
| Crew | 250 people [2] |
| Armament | |
| Total number of guns | 42 [1] |
Content
Description of the frigate
One of the three sailing frigates "Fifth". The length of the vessel was 38.4 meters , width - 9.2 meters , and the draft - 3.4 meters . The armament of the ship consisted of 42 guns, and a crew of 250 people [1] .
Service history
The frigate was laid at the Novokhopyorsk shipyard on January 18, 1774 and after launching on April 2, 1777, it became part of the Azov flotilla. The construction was conducted by the shipmaster I. I. Afanasyev . In the spring of 1777 he was transferred from the Don to Taganrog , on October 11 of the same year he came to Yenikale , and in November, as part of a detachment, he went to cruise to the shores of the Crimea . In 1778, as part of a detachment, he went to cruise in the Black Sea to the shores of the Crimea and the Taman Peninsula , while the detachment was preparing to repel the attack of the Turkish fleet. The following year, at the head of the detachment was in the Kerch Strait . In 1783, he was timbered in Kherson , in May of the same year he joined the Black Sea Fleet and was renamed "Kherson". In 1784, he moved from Kherson to Sevastopol , where he arrived on September 14. In 1785, he went into practical swimming in the Black Sea as part of a squadron [1] [2] .
He took part in the Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791 . During 1787 he stood in the Dnieper estuary . On June 17, 1788, the Turkish fleet attacked Russian ships in the estuary as part of Rear-Admiral P. Jones's squadron, and also supported Rear-Admiral KG Nassau-Siegen ’s rowing flotilla attack against the Turkish squadron in Ochakov . On July 20, 1788, he moved to Deep Pier, where he was converted into a " newly invented " frigate battery and renamed "Basil the Great." In October 1788 he joined the squadron located in the Dnieper estuary [1] [2] .
On November 21, he froze into the ice, and on November 30 he was broken off by an ice drifting from the wind and stranded near the Kinburn Spit . The side of the frigate was broken by ice and it sank, but the crew managed to escape. In 1789 the guns were removed from the wreck [1] [2] .
Commanders
At various times served as commanders of the frigate [2] :
- B. M. Shishmarev (until October 1777).
- A.V. Tveritinov (since October 1777).
- I. A. Mikhnev (1778–1779).
- I. Ya. Perry (1783–1785).
- S. Ya. Myakinin (1788).
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Frigates of the Black Sea Fleet . www.randewy.ru. The date of circulation is July 17, 2014.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Frigates of the “Fifth” type . "Military Russia". The date of circulation is July 17, 2014.
Literature
- Veselago F. F. List of Russian military courts from 1668 to 1860. - SPb. : Maritime Ministry Printing House, 1872. - 798 p.
- Chernyshev A. А. Russian sailing fleet. Directory. - M .: Military Publishing, 1997. - T. 1. - 312 p. - (Ships and vessels of the Russian fleet). - 10 000 copies - ISBN 5-203-01788-3 .
- A. B. Shirokorad. 200 Years of the Sailing Fleet of Russia / Ed. A. B. Vasiliev. - 2nd ed. - M .: “Veche”, 2007. - 448 p. - ISBN 978-5-9533-1517-3 .