Donald Redfield Griffin He owns works on the study of animal behavior , bio-navigation , acoustic orientation and sensory biophysics. In 1938, while studying at Harvard University , he began studying the methods of bat navigation, developed the theory of echolocation .
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| Place of Birth | Southampton , New York , USA |
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| Awards and prizes | Daniel Giro Elliott Medal (1958) |
Biography
Donald Griffin was born on August 3, 1915 in Southampton (state of New York ).
He studied at Harvard University , where he received successively a bachelor, master and doctor degree. He also worked at Cornell and Rockefeller Universities .
In the late 1930s, while working at Harvard University, Donald Griffin and Robert Galambos were in studied echolocation of animals . They used Pierce technology for registering human-inaudible sounds made by bats . Scientists have discovered that bats use sound to avoid obstacles and catch insects. This ability suffers greatly or disappears if during the experiment the bats close their mouth or ears. Physics professor Richard Feynman , who worked at Cornell University for some time, spoke of Donald Griffin [3] : “The person who works at the zoology [worked] is very wonderful - Dr. Griffin, who proved that bats orient themselves using echo signals.”
Griffin also dealt with the question: how do migratory birds find their way home after a thousand-kilometer journey. It is characteristic that he learned to fly a plane and made hours-long flights to more accurately track the flight paths of birds ( gulls , petrels , and silly women ), possessing, like carrier pigeons , the ability to return to their nest, even if they were taken away from it for a long distance.
In 1952, Donald Griffin was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences [4] .
In 1958, the National Academy of Sciences of the USA awarded Griffin the Daniel Giro Elliot Medal [5] , and in 1960 he was elected a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences [6] [7] .
In 1960, he received a Guggenheim scholarship [8] .
Donald Griffin was the director of the Institute for Animal Behavioral Research, formed in 1960 as a result of the collaboration of Rockefeller University and the New York Zoological Society (since 1993, the Society for the Conservation of Wildlife ).
In 1986, he completed work at Rockefeller University and became a resident of Lexington , Massachusetts . On November 7, 2003, at the age of 88, Donald Griffin passed away at his home. He had two daughters and a son.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ 1 2 Solomon Guggenheim Museum - 1937.
- ↑ Feynman, 2017 .
- ↑ Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter G. American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Date of appeal September 29, 2017.
- ↑ Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal . National Academy of Sciences. Date of treatment September 29, 2017. Archived December 29, 2010.
- ↑ Donald R. Griffin . National Academy of Sciences. Date of appeal September 29, 2017.
- ↑ Carol Kaesuk Yoon. Donald R. Griffin, 88, Dies; Argued Animals Can Think . The New York Times (November 14, 2003). - obituary. Date of appeal September 29, 2017.
- ↑ Donald R. Griffin . John Simon Guggenheim Foundation . gf.org. Date of treatment April 17, 2019.
Publications
- Listening in the Dark (1958)
- Echoes of Bats and Men (1959) Anchor Books (Doubleday). Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 59-12051
- Bird Migration: The Biology and Physics of Orientation Behavior (1965) London: Heinemann
- Animal Thinking (1985) Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-03713-8
- Question of Animal Awareness (1976) ISBN 0-86576-002-0
- Animal Minds (1992)
- Animal Minds: Beyond Cognition to Consciousness (2001) ISBN 0-226-30865-0
Books by Donald Griffin (in Russian)
- Griffin D.R. Echo in the life of people and animals. Per. from English K. E. Willer. Ed. M.A. Isakovich. - M .: Fizmatgiz, 1961 .-- 110 s.
- Griffin D.R. Flight of birds: Biological and physical aspects of orientation. Per. from English B. D. Vasiliev. Ed. and with the foreword. G.P. Dementieva. - M.: Mir, 1966 .-- 164 p.
- Griffin D.R., Novick El. Living organism. Per. from English B. D. Vasiliev. Ed. N.P. Naumova. - M .: Mir, 1973. - 281 p.
Literature
- Richard Feynman You are joking, of course, Mr. Feynman! = Surely You'Re Joking, Mr. Feynman! / Per. from English Sergey Ilyin. - M .: AST, 2017 .-- 480 p. - (Exclusive classic). - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-17-092293-2 .
- Charles G. Gross. Donald R. Griffin. 1915-2003. A Biographical Memoir . - Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2005. - Vol. 86. - (Biographical Memoirs). (eng.)
Links
- In Memoriam: Donald R. Griffin . Media Relations Office . Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (November 7, 2003). - obituary. Archived December 2, 2012.