Grizzers (from the English word grease - “briolin”, also “briolinists”) are a youth subculture that gained popularity in the 1950s in the United States, mainly in the north-east and south of the country, and it still exists today. Briolinschik style was popular among many people as an expression of youth riot. Most of them were representatives of the working class, retired military, musicians and the unemployed.
In the period from 1956 to 1960, when the cult of "Elvisomania" spread throughout America, the subculture of the Grizzers was taken as the basis for creating a new cultural phenomenon called rockabilly . These were “rebels” against the puritanist lifestyle of well-fed consumers, which was formed in the United States in the wake of a post-war economic upturn.
Grizzers, this is a style in clothes and hairstyle, which originated in the post-war 40s among the first "gangs" of bikers, which were based on yesterday's soldiers and officers who did not want to return to the peaceful and comfortable life of sedentary family men and traveled around the country in search of adventures. They did not commit serious crimes, but were often subjected to pressure from the police and attacks from negative-minded people. The prototype of the cult "kosovorot" grezerov is the outerwear of the American pilots of the Second World War. It is easy to see that the prototype of the no less legendary "bomber" is a military jacket of American tankers.
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Title
The name "Greasers" ( English Greasers ) was originally an insult to the Briolins themselves. and it happened because of their “dirty” hair: hair was smeared with special lipstick for hair ( briolin ) and fit into various hairstyles. The term “greasers” to refer to members of a subculture has become widespread decades later, as part of a revival of interest in popular culture of the 1950s . One of the first public manifestations of interest in briolinkers was the 1971 drink 7 UP commercial.
Appearance
In the 1950s, the love of North America briollers was characterized by a love for hot- roads, motorcycles and music in rock-n-roll and rockabilly styles converted to racing. As a rule, they wore colored T-shirts and shirts (often with rolled up sleeves), knitted Italian shirts, “baseball” t-shirts (“bowling” shirts were not worn by briolinschiki), leather “Perfect” motorcycle jackets (in Russia known as “ kosuha ”) and Levi’s rolled jeans in black or blue. Shoes could be black motorcycle boots “engineers”, army boots or cowboy boots with high heels; Briolinsky could also wear bandanas, caps and chains. They did their hair using a wide variety of gels, lotions and lipsticks for hair [1] .
Related Subcultures
The subculture, akin to the Grizers, was spread in Great Britain in the 50s. These were the so-called "Teddy". Hooligans level football fans of modern England. In other European countries, rockabilly culture gained popularity in the 50s. Her musical character brought his tour, Bill Haley , and external attributes and imagery - Elvis Presley . Starting in the 90s, rockabillys appear in Japan. For objective reasons, such directions in the USSR were viewed as hostile to the totalitarian system and were openly persecuted. In Russia, rockabilly became widespread since the late 90s, primarily in St. Petersburg and Moscow.
In art
Images of greasers have been shown in a number of American films from the 1950s up to modern ones, and also used in computer games, comics, cartoons, and anime .
In the cinema
- 1953 - " Savage " ( USA ). It was thanks to this film, namely the image of the "savage" of Marlon Brando , that the subculture of the breathers began to emerge.
- 1955 - “ Rebel Without a Cause ” ( USA )
- 1958 - "Riot" ( USA )
- 1973 - American Graffiti ( USA )
- 1974 - Lords of Flatbush ( USA )
- 1978 - " Briolin " ( USA ). The musical uses very "sweet" and stereotypical images of briolinschiki.
- 1983 - " Outcasts " ( USA )
- 1986 - Cobra ( USA ). The character of Sylvester Stallone before being in the police service was a breeder, but he did not change his way of life, remaining a rebel.
- 1990 - “ Crybaby ” ( USA )
- 1990 - “ It ” ( USA )
- 1991 - " Sometimes they come back " ( USA )
- 1992 - " Leather Jackets " ( USA )
- 1994 - “ Racers ” ( USA )
- 1998 - Pleasantville ( USA )
- 2008 - " Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull " ( USA )
- 2010 - “Deuce Peak” ( USA )
In computer games
- In Fallout 3 , the players of the Tunnel Snake gang, encountered from the very beginning of the game, are briarine players.
- In Fallout: New Vegas, the Briolans are the Kings gang, imitating Elvis Presley .
- In the game Fallout 4, briolinschiki are represented by the gang “Atomic Cats”, whose members adhere to the classic style for briolinschiki in clothes and live in the garage, but instead of cars they are keen on repairing and modifying power armor.
- In the game Bully, a gang of briolinschiki learns at a school where the main character falls. They live in the school garage and are engaged in the repair of various equipment.
- In the game Mafia II, briolinshchiki are a criminal group engaged in carjacking, illegal races and hooliganism. Here they are assigned a separate chapter, where the main character almost completely destroys their gang. The official supplement “Greaser Pack” was also released for the game, which adds two costumes to the game for the main character ( Marlon Brando costume from the film “ Savage ” and a racing driver costume consisting of a leather jumpsuit and a helmet) and two hot dogs .
- In the game Retro City Rampage, the image of the protagonist is taken from briolinschiki.
- In Hearthstone, there is a Worgen - Style card with a distinctive hairstyle.
Notes
Literature
- Marcus, Daniel (2004). Happy Days and the Sixties in the Contemporary Cultural Politics. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press. p. 12. ISBN 0-8135-3390-2 .
- G Muehlbauer; L Dodder. Losers: gang delinquency in an american suburb. - Praeger Publishers Westport, 1983. - 138 p. - ISBN 0-275-91048-2 .
- Lisa Jo Sagolla Fifties Nostalgia // Rock 'n' Roll Dances of the 1950s - ABC-CLIO, 2011. - p. 102 - ISBN 0313365563
Links
- Overview of Western youth subcultures: 1950-our days // Firsova M. G. Culture and education. - June 2014. - № 6
- Rebels without a reason: the grysers are on the site “History of the USA: materials for the course”