“The Fall of Arthur” ( Eng. The Fall of Arthur ) is an unfinished poem by J. R. R. Tolkien , released posthumously on May 21, 2013. The book was compiled, edited and released by his son - Christopher Tolkien . The plot is a story about the campaign of King Arthur to distant pagan countries, doubts of Lancelot , expelled to France, the betrayal of Mordred , whom the king left in his castle as a deputy and their return to the UK in order to win back the captured. The work is an alliterative verse , endowed with extensive commentary by Christopher Tolkien, as well as his significant essays on the connection of “The Fall of Arthur” with the legendary and the evolution of the poem.
| Arthur's Fall | |
|---|---|
| The fall of arthur | |
 First edition cover | |
| Author | and |
| Genre | fantasy |
| Original issued | 2013 |
| Publisher | and |
| Pages | 240 |
| ISBN | [[Special: Booksources / 978-0-544-11589-7 (hardcover) 978-0-007-48989-3 (deluxe edition) | 978-0-544-11589-7 (hardcover) 978-0-007-48989-3 (deluxe edition)]] |
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Content
Creation History
The first entries were made in the early 30s, but closer to 1937, he refused to continue. However, in letter No. 165 in Houghton Miflin, dated June 1955, he again expressed a desire to end this poem [1] . In addition, this work is mentioned in Humphrey Carpenter’s Biography of Tolkien [2] .
Connection of the work with the legendary
Christopher Tolkien suggests that the island of Avalon, mentioned in the poem and the outline of its ending, is identified with the island of Tol Eressea [3] .
Publication in Russian
For the first time, the translation of a small fragment of the poem "The Fall of Arthur" of the first chapter in Russian was published on 30-09-2013. writer Alexander Ulyanenkov
In Russian, the full translation, made by linguist and translator Svetlana Borisovna Likhacheva, was published by the Ast Publishing House [4] [5] .
Notes
- ↑ Carpenter, John Ronald Reuel Tolkien. Letters, 2004 , Letter No. 165: “I am pleased to write alliterative verses, although, in addition to several fragments in The Lord of the Rings, I published very little, except for Returns Beorhtnot (in Essays and Essays by the Association of the English Language, 1953 , London, John Murray); This dramatic dialogue about the essence of "heroics" and "chivalry" has recently been twice broadcast on the BBC. I still hope to finish the long poem “The Death of Arthur”, written in the same verse. ”
- ↑ Carpenter, John R. R. Tolkien. Biography, 2002 , Part IV. Chapter 6: “In his arturov poem, Tolkien did not touch on the subject of the Grail, but began to write his own transcription of Death of Arthur. King and Gawain go to war in the "Saxon lands", but they are forced to return home the news of the treachery of Mordred. The poem was never finished, but E. V. Gordon and R. U. Chambers, a professor of English at the University of London, read it and approved it. Professor Chambers responded as follows: “An excellent thing, truly heroic, plus valuable because it shows how you can use the verse“ Beowulf ”in modern English poetry.”
- С “Comparing the voyage of Eärendil and Elving, where, after passing shaded seas and enchanted islands," they saw the Lonely Island, but did not stop, "it is very likely that" Avalon "carries the meaning of" Tol Eressea ", which was nineteen hundred thirties [Avallone in the early drafts - the name is not the harbor, but the whole island - comment.]. If so, when my father wrote in the early Silmarillion that Avallon was renamed Tol Eressea, it means he meant Avalon for Tol Eressea in Arthur's Fall. ”
“Comparing the description of the voyage of the Eurendel and the El Quinta” is given at least very probable that the 1930s will be cited here. If this is what I’ve seen in a Silmarillion, I’ve been renamed by Avallon, he also wrote for her. - ↑ J.R.R. Tolkin “The Death of Arthur” . ast.ru. The appeal date is April 23, 2016.
- ↑ Death of Arthur . Fiction Lab. The appeal date is April 23, 2016.
Literature
- Carpenter, H. John Ronald Reuel Tolkien. Letters = The Letters of JRR Tolkien / Ed. S. Taskaeva; Per. from English S. Likhacheva. -Moscow : Eksmo-Press , 2004. - 576 p. - 3 000 copies - ISBN 5-699-05080-9 .
- Carpenter, H. John R. R. Tolkien. Biography = JRR Tolkien. A Biography, ed. S. Likhacheva; Per. from English A. Khromova. - Moscow : Eksmo-Press , 2002. - 432 p. - 10 000 copies - ISBN 5-04-008886-8 .
- JRR Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (eds.), “The Fall of Arthur”, “The Unwritten Poem and its Relation to The Silmarillion”