October 16th

See also: Category: Holidays October 16

International

• World Food Day .
• The day of the boss .
• World Anesthesiologist Day.

National

• Armenia - Day of the Armenian Press ^[2] .
• Poland - Day of John Paul II .

Religious

Catholicism

- memory of Jadwiga of Silesia, nun ( 1243 ) ^[3] .

Orthodoxy ^{[4] [5]}

- memory of the holy martyrs Dionysius the Areopagite, Bishop of Athens , Rustik presbyter and Eleutherius the deacon ( 96 );

- memory of St. Agathangel (Preobrazhensky), confessor, Metropolitan of Yaroslavl ( 1928 );

- the memory of the Monk Dionysius Shchepa , the recluse of the Pechersky, in the Far Caves ( XV century );

- memory of St. John of Hosevite, Bishop of Caesarea ( VI century );

- memory of blessed Hesychius Horivit ^[6] ( VI century );

- Celebration in honor of the Trubchevskaya Icon of the Mother of God (1765).

See also: Category: October 16 events

Until the 19th century

• 1555 - By order of the English Queen Mary I Tudor, the Protestant bishops of London and Worcester were burned for heresy.
• 1618 - the citizens of Mogilev spoke out against the forced introduction of a church union, which went down in history under the name Mogilev Uprising .
• 1793 - execution of Marie Antoinette of the “widow of Capet”, Queen of France , wife of Louis XVI and mother of Louis XVII .

XIX century

• 1813 - the " Battle of the Peoples " began near Leipzig (lasted until October 19 ), in which the troops of France , the Rhine Union , Poland , Austria , Prussia , Russia and Sweden participated; ended with a crushing defeat of the army of Napoleon and his first abdication.
• 1824 - Alexander Pushkin in Mikhailovsky completed work on the third chapter of Eugene Onegin .
• 1840 - New Zealand is proclaimed a British colony.
• 1846 - at the clinic in Boston ( USA ) during the operation, the dentist William Morton first conducted a public demonstration of ether anesthesia .
• 1847 - Charlotte Bronte ’s novel “ Jane Eyre ” was first published in London .
• 1853 - Turkey declared war on Russia .

XX century

• 1907 - the secret St. Petersburg protocol was signed with Germany .
• 1918
  • Ukrainian hetman Pavel Skoropadsky issued a decree on the revival of the Cossacks (which includes about 150 thousand families).
  • The emperor of Austria-Hungary, Charles I, announced his intention to create from his country a union of four states - Austro-German, Czech, Yugoslav and Ukrainian.
• 1923
  • John Harwood patented a self-winding watch in Switzerland .
  • The film company The Walt Disney Company was founded.
• 1927 - a gradual transition to a 7-hour working day is announced in the USSR .
• 1929 - the Tajik SSR was formed .
• 1930 - the first issue of the Moscow News newspaper in English was released.
• 1941
  • the beginning of mass panic, anarchy and the flight from Moscow of hundreds of thousands of senior workers with families and ordinary citizens, due to the approach of German troops and the secret evacuation of the top leadership and government of the country on the eve of Kuibyshev , which took place on the eve of the attack .
  • Soviet troops left Odessa .
• 1944 - University of Lviv resumed work.
• 1946 - Nazi criminals Ribbentrop , Keitel , Kaltenbrunner , Rosenberg , Frank , Frik , Streicher , Sauckel , Jodl and Seyss-Inquart were executed in the building of the Nuremberg prison by the verdict of the Nuremberg Tribunal .
• 1954 - the restoration of the panorama of Franz Rubo's “ Defense of Sevastopol ”, destroyed during the fighting, was completed.

• 1956 - in the Pacific Ocean, the first known landing of an airliner on water takes place , which cost no casualties.
• 1959 - the first underground pedestrian crossings were built in Moscow .
• 1962 - the radio station "Youth" was first aired.
• 1964 - China conducted its first nuclear test .
• 1968 - An agreement was signed between the governments of the USSR and Czechoslovakia on the conditions for the temporary stay of Soviet troops in Czechoslovakia.
• 1972 - the group " Creedence Clearwater Revival " ceased to exist.
• 1978 - John Paul II became the 264th Pope and the first non-Italian on the papal throne since 1523 .
• 1979 - in Kiev, the Friendship Theater began work.
• 1982
  • US Secretary of State J. Schulz threatened America to leave the UN if Israel were expelled from there.
  • The appearance of Halley's comet in the vicinity of the Earth has been recorded at least for the 30th time in the history of its observation.
• 1983 - the Mumiy Troll group was created.
• 1986 - Israeli pilot Ron Arad was shot down and captured in Lebanon .
• 1988 - On Central Television , the screening of the series “ Slave Izaura ” began.
• 1990 - The Koryak Autonomous Okrug proclaimed itself a republic.
• 1994 - the first drawing of the all-Russian television lottery "Russian Lotto" .

21st Century

• 2002 - The 2002 All-Russian Population Census ended.
• 2005 - the World Chess Championship ended in San Luis , the winner of which was the Bulgarian grandmaster Veselin Topalov .

See also: Category: Born on October 16

Until the 20th century.

• 1758 - Noah Webster (d. 1843 ), American philologist, compiler of the American English Dictionary.
• 1827 - Arnold Böcklin (d. 1901 ), a Swiss symbolist painter.
• 1836 - Roy Stone (d. 1905 ), American military, participant in the Civil War.
• 1840 - Kuroda Kiyotaka (d. 1900 ), Japanese statesman, second prime minister of Japan.
• 1841 - Ito Hirobumi (d. 1909 ), Japanese politician and statesman, first prime minister of Japan.
• 1850 - Pelageya Strepetova (d. 1903 ), Russian theater actress.
• 1854
  • Karl Kautsky (d. 1938 ), German economist, historian and publicist, one of the leaders and theorists of German Social Democracy.
  • Oscar Wilde (d. 1900 ), Irish poet, playwright, prose writer.
• 1855 - Andrei Kofod (d. 1948 ), Russian statesman, specialist on the agrarian question, ethnographer.
• 1863 - Joseph Austin Chamberlain (d. 1937 ), English statesman and politician, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (1925).
• 1873 - Lev Chugaev (d. 1922 ), Russian chemist, specialist in the field of complex compounds.
• 1886 - David Ben-Gurion (d. 1973 ), one of the leaders of the Zionist movement and the creators of modern Israel , the Prime Minister of Israel (1948-1953, 1955-1963).
• 1888 - Eugene O'Neill (d. 1953 ), American playwright, Nobel laureate (1936).
• 1890
  • Paul Strand (d. 1976 ), American photographer, documentary filmmaker, one of the founders of documentary photography.
  • Michael John Collins (assassinated in 1922 ), Irish military man, politician and revolutionary, fighter for the independence of Ireland .
• 1894 - Moshe Charet (d. 1965 ), Prime Minister of Israel (1954-1955).

XX century

• 1906 - Dino Buzzati (d. 1972 ), Italian writer.
• 1907 - Pyotr Grigorenko (d. 1987 ), Soviet Major General, human rights activist, founder of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group .
• 1908 - Enver Hoxha (d. 1985 ), leader of the socialist Albania (1944-1985).
• 1918 - Louis Altusser (d. 1990 ), French philosopher -neo-Marxist .
• 1921 - Andrzej Munk (d. 1961 ), Polish filmmaker.
• 1923 - Bert Kempert (d. 1980 ), German composer, arranger, singer, orchestra leader, the first person to offer the Beatles to sign a contract.
• 1925 - Angela Lansbury , English film actress.
• 1927 - Gunter Grass (d. 2015 ), German writer, sculptor, artist, Nobel laureate in literature (1999).
• 1931 - Charles Colson (d. 2012 ), a Christian figure, American politician, founder of the Prison Brotherhood organization.
• 1933 - Boris Vakhnyuk (died in 2005 ), Soviet and Russian poet, bard, journalist, screenwriter.
• 1935 - Boris Zaborov , a Belarusian artist who emigrated to France .
• 1936 - Andrei Chikatilo (d. 1994 ), Soviet serial killer.
• 1947
  • Ivan Dykhovichny (d. 2009 ), Soviet and Russian film director, actor, screenwriter, TV presenter.
  • David Zucker , American filmmaker and screenwriter.
• 1948 - Hema Malini , Indian actress.
• 1955 - Leonid Desyatnikov , Russian composer.
• 1958 - Tim Robbins , American actor, film director.
• 1960 - Jiri Rusnok , Czech politician, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2013).
• 1961
  • Marc Levy , French writer.
  • Eugene Havtan , Soviet and Russian musician, leader of the Bravo band.
• 1962
  • Flea , bass player for the American band Red Hot Chili Peppers .
  • Dmitry Hvorostovsky (d. 2017 ), opera singer, people's artist of Russia.
• 1968 - Ilya Lagutenko , Russian rock musician, leader of the Mumiy Troll band.
• 1970 - Andrey Tikhonov , Russian footballer and coach.
• 1972 - Darius Kasparaitis , Soviet, Russian and Lithuanian hockey player.
• 1974 - Paul Caria , Canadian hockey player, Olympic champion, world champion.

See also: Category: Dead on October 16

Until the 20th century.

• OK. 627 - St. Gall of Hiberia (b. Ca. 550 ), Irish monk, missionary preacher in Western Europe .
• 1396 - Agnolo Gaddi (b. Ca. 1350 ), Italian artist.
• 1591 - Gregory XIV (in the world of Niccolo Sfondrati ; b. 1536 ), 229th pope.
• 1653 - Jan Wildens (b. 1585 or 1586 ), Dutch painter and graphic artist, landscape painter.
• 1680 - Raimund Montecuccoli (b. 1609 ), commander of the Holy Roman Empire , generalissimo.
• 1774 - Robert Ferguson (b. 1750 ), Scottish poet.
• 1791 - Grigory Potemkin-Tauride (b. 1739 ), Russian statesman, Field Marshal.
• 1793 - executed Marie Antoinette (b. 1755 ), Queen of France, wife of Louis XVI and mother of Louis XVII .
• 1833 - Andrei Bolotov (b. 1738 ), writer and scientist, one of the founders of Russian agronomic science.
• 1855 - Timothy Granovsky (b. 1813 ), historian- medievalist , ideologist of Westernism , professor at Moscow University.
• 1879 - Sergei Solovyov (b. 1820 ), historian, creator of "History of Russia from Ancient Times."

XX century

• 1908 - Nikolai Bazhin (b. 1843 ), Russian writer.
• 1923 - Leo Tikhomirov (b. 1852 ), Russian public figure, Narodovolets , emigrant.
• 1938 - Maria Blumenthal-Tamarina (b. 1859 ), actress, People's Artist of the USSR.
• 1946 - executed:
  • Joachim von Ribbentrop (b. 1893 ), Minister for Foreign Affairs of Germany (1938-1945);
  • Alfred Rosenberg (b. 1893 ), German politician, one of the ideologists of Nazism ;
  • Wilhelm Keitel (b. 1882 ), chief of the High Command of the Wehrmacht ;
  • Ernst Kaltenbrunner (b. 1903 ), head of the Main Directorate of the Imperial Security of the SS , State Secretary of the Ministry of the Interior of Nazi Germany;
  • Wilhelm Frick (b. 1877 ), German Nazi, one of the leaders of the NSDAP , honorary Obergruppenführer SS .
  • Julius Streicher (b. 1885 ), German Nazi propagandist, publisher, ideologist of racism .
• 1946 - Grenville Bantock (b. 1868 ), English composer, conductor, teacher.
• 1947 - Balis Sruoga (b. 1896 ), Lithuanian writer, critic, literary critic.
• 1959 - George Marshall (b. 1880 ), American military and statesman, general, initiator of the Marshall Plan , winner of the Nobel Peace Prize (1953).
• 1963 - Vladimir Bakhmetyev (b. 1885 ), Russian Soviet writer, literary critic.
• 1971 - Alio Mirtskhulava (b. 1903 ), Georgian Soviet poet.
• 1979 - Johan Borgen (b. 1902 ), Norwegian prose writer, playwright and critic.
• 1981
  • Moshe Dayan (b. 1915 ), Israeli military and political figure.
  • Oleg Balakin (born 1938 ), theater and film actor, Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1982
  • Jean Effel (b. 1908 ), French cartoonist.
  • Mario Del Monaco (b. 1915 ), Italian opera singer (tenor).
• 1987
  • Yasha Kheifets (b. 1901 ), American violinist of Jewish origin.
  • Alexander Sery (b. 1927 ), Soviet film director and screenwriter.
• 1990 - Art Blakey (b. 1919 ), American jazz drummer.
• 1992 - Shirley Booth (b. 1898 ), American actress, winner of the Tony and Oscar awards.

21st Century

• 2003 - Laszlo Papp (b. 1926 ), Hungarian boxer, the first three-time Olympic champion in boxing history.
• 2005 - Vladimir Magnitsky (b. 1915 ), geophysicist, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, founder of the Soviet school of physics of the earth's interior.
• 2006 - Neya Zorkaya (b. 1924 ), Soviet and Russian film expert, cultural expert, theater and film historian.
• 2007 - Deborah Kerr (b. 1921 ), English actress, winner of the Golden Globe , Oscar and other awards.

• Denis Winter.
• Denis - daring eyes beware. On this day, conspiracies from the evil eye are pronounced ^[7] .
• In ancient times it was believed that on this day there is a Sabbath of all kinds of evil. Autumn fevers - lomikh, fire, shaking, yellowing, Lyhomanka, insomnia - living in swamps, approaching human habitation ... To scare them away, you had to carry an aspen bark or an aspen bitch with you.
• Aspen was also used for ailments:

- If your head hurts - put an aspen wood under your head.

- If he brings his feet together, they put an aspen wood on his feet ^[8] .