October 13th

See also: Category: Holidays October 13

International

• UN - International Day for Disaster Reduction

National

• Azerbaijan - Day of Workers of the Azerbaijan Railway .

Religious

Orthodoxy ^{[2] [3]}

- memory of the holy martyr Gregory Bishop, enlightener of Great Armenia (circa 335 );

- memory of the martyrs of Hripsimia , Gaiania and with them 35 holy virgins (beginning of the 4th century ).

- memory of St. Michael, the first Metropolitan of Kiev ( 992 );

- memory of St. Gregory of Pelsham, Vologda wonderworker ( 1442 );

- memory of the holy martyr Prokopiy Popov, presbyter ( 1918 );

- the memory of the holy martyrs Peter Solovyov, Vyacheslav Zankov, Peter Pushkinsky, Simeon Lileev, Vasily Guryev, Alexander Orlov , presbyters, Seraphim Vasilenko, deacon, Rev. Martyr Alexandra (Chervyakova), martyrs Alexy Serebrennikov Apolitius (1919);

See also: Category: October 13 events

Until the 19th century

• 54
  • The wife of the Roman emperor Claudius poisoned him with mushrooms .
  • Nero Claudius Caesar Druz Germanicus declared Emperor of the Roman Empire under the name Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus
• 1307 - on the orders of King Philip IV the Beautiful ( Philippe IV de France ), all French Templars were simultaneously arrested.
• 1479 - Hungarian troops defeated the Turks on the Bread Field .
• 1492 - Columbus first landed on the shores of the New World ( island of San Salvador ).
• 1534 - Pope Paul III ascended the throne.
• 1644 - during the Danish-Swedish war, the combined Swedish-Dutch fleet under the command of Karl Gustav Wrangel defeats the Danish fleet in the battle of Fehmarn .
• 1775 - The Second Continental Congress passed a resolution establishing the Continental Fleet , which later became the United States Navy .
• 1781 - Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire Joseph II ( Joseph II. ) Issued a decree on religious tolerance, which ended the campaign to close the monasteries.
• 1792 - the first stone was laid in the foundation of the residence of the President of the United States , which since 1809 became known as the " White House ", and in 1902 this name of the building was legalized.

XIX century

• 1805 - battle of the army of Napoleon Bonaparte with the Austrian forces at Elchingen .
• 1812 - during the Anglo-American War , the Battle of Quinston Heights ended in defeat for the American army.
• 1837 - during the conquest of Algeria , after a short siege , the French captured the fortified city of Constantine .
• 1843 - The oldest Jewish organization in America, Children of the Vow , was created in New York .
• 1883 - The All-Russian Theater Society was organized, which arose in St. Petersburg as "a society for the benefit of needy stage figures."
• 1884 - Greenwich is approved as the place of passage of the prime meridian.
• 1900 - Sigmund Freud's main book, The Interpretation of Dreams, was published.

XX century

• 1917 - Fatima miracle .
• 1921 - The Kars Friendship Agreement between the Armenian , Azerbaijan and Georgian SSR , on the one hand, and Turkey , on the other, was concluded with the participation of the RSFSR .
• 1923 - The capital of Turkey was moved from Istanbul to Ankara .
• 1930 - The Leningrad Institute of Communications Engineers (later named after M. A. Bonch-Bruevich ) was established. Since 1992 - St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications .
• 1938 - Russian poet Osip Mandelstam was taken to a labor camp after re-arrest on charges of "counter-revolutionary activity."
• 1943 - Italy , which surrendered on September 8 to the Western allies , entered the war on the side of the anti-Hitler coalition .
• 1944 - Soviet troops entered Riga .
• 1948 - The construction of the Dashava- Kiev gas pipeline was completed.
• 1957 - at the State Meeting, Mao Zedong ( Mao Zedong ) said: "Do not read a lot of books."
• 1958
  • The labor collective of the Moscow-Sortirovochnaya station proposed starting an all-Union competition for the titles of brigades of communist labor.
  • The first publication of a book about the Paddington Bear .
• 1972
  • The catastrophe of the Soviet aircraft Il-62 near Moscow on the shores of Lake Nersky . Killed 174 people - at that time the largest plane crash in the world. The reasons for the tragedy remained unknown.
  • In the Andes , a plane crashed with a junior rugby team from the city of Montevideo . Only 16 people survived.
• 1975 - Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau ( Pierre Elliott Trudeau ) announced the introduction of an emergency three-year anti-inflation plan, providing for government control of prices.
• 1976
  • Chelyabinsk became a millionaire city .
  • In Santa Cruz ( Bolivia ), a Boeing 707 crashed into a stadium during take-off . At least 91 people died - the largest plane crash in the country.
• 1990 - in Kharkov , the programs prepared by the ATV-1 studio went on air, hereinafter CJSC RTK Tonis-Center. This day was the birthday of Ukrainian private television.

21st Century

• 2005 - Islamist attack on Nalchik .

See also: Category: Born on October 13

Until the 19th century

• 1474 - Mariotto Albertinelli (d. 1515 ), Italian Renaissance painter.
• 1713 - Allan Ramsey (d. 1784 ), a Scottish portrait painter.
• 1754 - Molly Pitcher (d. 1832 ), the heroine of the war for US independence .

XIX century

• 1821 - Rudolf Virchow (d. 1902 ), a German pathologist and physiologist, the first to describe leukemia , a politician.
• 1825 - Charles Frederick Worth (d. 1895 ), French couturier of English descent.
• 1829 - Peter Bartenev (d. 1912 ), Russian historian and literary critic.
• 1847 - Arthur Herbert Dick Akland (d. 1926 ), politician and minister of the British Empire .
• 1855 - Robert Flegel (d. 1886 ), German traveler, explorer of Africa.
• 1875 - Maxim Petrovich Konchalovsky (d. 1942 ), Russian and Soviet therapist, founder of a scientific school.
• 1878 - Stepan Shaumyan (d. 1918 ), revolutionary, head of the Baku Council (1917), extraordinary commissar for the affairs of the Caucasus, one of 26 shot Baku commissars .
• 1880 - Sasha Cherny (real name Alexander Mikhailovich Glikberg ; d. 1932 ), Russian poet and prose writer, emigrant (“Various Motives”, “Soldier's Tales”).
• 1881 - Eugenie Cotton (d. 1967 ), French physicist, founder of the International Democratic Federation of Women .
• 1899 - Aleksey Surkov (d. 1983 ), Russian Soviet poet and journalist, songwriter (“The Fire Beats in a Cramped Stove”).

XX century

• 1906 - Cecil Takaishvili (d. 1984 ), theater and film actress, People's Artist of the USSR (1966).
• 1909
  • Dmitry Nagishkin (d. 1961 ), Russian Soviet writer.
  • Art Tatum (d. 1956 ), American jazz pianist.
• 1917 - Vadim Matrosov (d. 1999 ), Soviet military leader, army general, Hero of the Soviet Union.
• 1918 - Evgeny Agranovich (d. 2010 ), Soviet and Russian film playwright, screenwriter, poet, prose writer, bard.
• 1921 - Yves Montand (d. 1991 ), French actor and singer.
• 1925 - Margaret Thatcher (d. 2013 ), 71st Prime Minister of Great Britain (1979-1990).
• 1926
  • Gleb Maximov (d. 2001 ), a Soviet and Russian scientist, design engineer, creator of the world's first artificial Earth satellite.
  • Ray Brown (d. 2002 ), an American musician, one of the best jazz double bass players .
• 1931 - Raymond Kopa (d. 2017 ), French football player of Polish descent, the best football player in Europe in 1958
• 1933 - Mark Zakharov , Soviet and Russian film director, screenwriter, teacher, theater director Lenkom , People's Artist of the USSR.
• 1934
  • Savely Kramarov (d. 1995 ), Soviet and American comedian film actor, Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
  • Boris Katorgin , Soviet and Russian designer in the field of energy, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences .
  • Nana Muskouri , Greek singer.
• 1935 - Alexei Kozlov , Soviet and Russian saxophonist, composer, founder of the jazz band Arsenal , people's artist of Russia.
• 1939 - Leonid Nevedomsky , theater and film actor, people's artist of Russia.
• 1941
  • Robert (Bob) Hunter (d. 2005 ), Canadian journalist, co-founder of Greenpeace .
  • Paul Simon , an American rock musician.
• 1942 - Francesca Yarbusova , Soviet and Russian animator, wife of director Yu. Norshtein .
• 1947 - Sammy Hagar , American musician, vocalist of the rock band Van Halen .
• 1952 - John Lone , American actor.
• 1954 - Mordechai Vanunu , an Israeli nuclear technician who revealed to the world information about Israel ’s nuclear program.
• 1956 - Chris Carter , American screenwriter and producer (The X-Files series).
• 1959 - Mary Osmond , American singer.
• 1966 - Maxim Moshkov , compiler of a large network library known as the Moshkov Library .
• 1967 - Javier Sotomayor , Cuban athlete, world record holder in high jump, Olympic champion.
• 1971 - Sasha Baron Cohen , British comedian film actor, winner of the Golden Globe Award.
• 1977 - Paul Pierce , American basketball player, NBA champion (2008).
• 1980 - Ashanti , American singer, actress, dancer and model.
• 1982 - Ian Thorpe , Australian swimmer, world champion and record holder, three-time Olympic champion.

See also: Category: Dead on October 13

Until the 19th century

• 54 - Claudius (b. 10 BC ), Roman emperor (41-54).
• 1282 - Nichiren (b. 1222 ), Japanese Buddhist prophet.
• 1715 - Nicolas Malbranche (b. 1638 ), French idealist philosopher, chief representative of occasionalism.
• 1749 - Prince Alexander Kurakin (b. 1697 ), Russian statesman, diplomat, senator.
• 1795 - Zlata Moglenskaya , Orthodox saint.

XIX century

• 1815 - Joachim Murat (b. 1767 ), Marshal of France, participant in most of Napoleon Bonaparte’s campaigns.
• 1822 - Antonio Canova (b. 1757 ), Italian sculptor.
• 1825 - Maximilian I (b. 1756 ), Elector of Bavaria (1799-1806), King of Bavaria (1806-1825); from the Wittelsbach dynasty.
• 1849 - Pietro Anderloni (b. 1784 ), Italian copper engraver .
• 1865 - Petro Gulak-Artemovsky (b. 1790 ), Ukrainian historian and writer, rector of Kharkov University .
• 1869 - Charles Augustin de Saint-Beuve (b. 1804 ), French literary critic and literary critic.
• 1882 - Joseph de Gobino (b. 1816 ), French sociologist, founder of racist theory.
• 1883 - August Friedrich Siegert (b. 1820 ), German painter.

XX century

• 1905
  • Henry Irving (b. 1838 ), English tragedy actor.
  • Mary Kerry (pseudonym Violet Fein ; b. 1843 ), English poet.
• 1919 - Karl Adolf Gjellerup (b. 1857 ), Danish poet and writer.
• 1928 - Maria Fedorovna (b. 1847 ), Russian Empress, wife of Alexander III , mother of Nicholas II .
• 1938 - Elsie Chrysler Segar (b. 1894 ), American comic book artist, creator of the character of the sailor Popeye .
• 1945 - Milton Hershey (b. 1857 ), American industrialist, founder of the Hershey chocolate company.
• 1961
  • Zoltan Korda (b. 1895 ), English film director, screenwriter, producer.
  • Maya Deren (nee Eleanor Derenkovskaya ; born 1917 ), American avant-garde film director, choreographer, ethnographer.
• 1967 - Georges Sadoule (b. 1904 ), French historian, theorist and film critic.
• 1974 - Ed Sullivan (b. 1901 ), host of the popular American television show, The Ed Sullivan Show .
• 1981 - ; R. 1905 ), Argentinean painter, master of the collage.
• 1984 - Alice Neal (b. 1900 ), American artist, portrait painter.
• 1985 - Francesca Bertini (b. 1892 ), the first Italian movie star.
• 1987 - Walter Brattain (b. 1902 ), American physicist, one of the developers of the transistor , Nobel laureate (1956).
• 1989 - Cesare Zavattini (b. 1902 ), Italian writer, screenwriter.

21st Century

• 2001 - Olga Oleinik (b. 1925 ), Soviet and Russian mathematician and mechanical scientist, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences .
• 2003 - Bertram Brockhouse (b. 1918 ), Canadian physicist, Nobel laureate (1994).
• 2013 - Olga Aroseva (b. 1925 ), theater and film actress, People's Artist of the RSFSR.
• 2016
  • Dario Fo (b. 1926 ), Italian playwright, director, theater theorist, Nobel laureate in literature (1997).
  • Phumipon Adulyadej (Rama IX) (b. 1927 ), King of Thailand (1946-2016).

September 30 / October 13 - Gregory .

• On Gregory, peasants renewed their beds, burned old straw from mattresses , stuffed a new one. In the old straw judged about human health in the old days. The straw, they say, spoke of growing ailments in a person, prevented the disease ^[4] .
• If the snow falls, winter will not come soon.
• If the cranes flew off, there will be an early and cold winter ^[5] .
• If in the morning you see frost on the windows - wait for the guests.