Kalinin line

Plans

The laying of the Kalinin radius, which was originally supposed to be called Rogozhsky , was originally planned, but it was not among the priority ones. It was planned to connect with the Krasnopresnensky radius . Rogozhsky radius appeared in the plans of 1932 and 1938: in general, it did not change its trace much ^[3] .

Once again, the Kalinin radius appears in projects in 1957. It was supposed to start from the Taganskaya station and end in Novogireev. According to one of the projects of that time, it was planned to connect the Kalinin and Riga radii, as well as extend the radius to Reutov ^[4] .

In 1965, they began to design the Kalinin-Krasnopresnensky diameter, which was supposed to pass through the Arbat deep-laid radius to the Novokuznetskaya metro station and Novogireevo. Later it was decided to abandon the connection of these radii ^[4] .

Implementation

The first section of the Kalinin line was built in 1975-1979, to the 1980 Moscow Olympics . The length of this section was 12.2 km, there were 6 stations on it: Marxistskaya (with transitions to Taganskaya stations on the Koltseva and Zhdanovsko-Krasnopresnenskaya lines), Ilyich Square , Aviamotornaya , Entuziastov Highway , Perovo "And" Novogireevo ". On December 16, 1979 , for the first time, a test train with metro-train passengers passed through the site. December 30, 1979 , on New Year's Eve, the site was put into continuous operation; the estimated travel time along the new metro radius was then 14 minutes. The line passed through the territory of four districts of the capital (Proletarsky ^[5] , Zhdanovsky ^[6] , Kalininsky ^[7] and Perovsky ^[8] ), getting its name by the name of the Kalininsky district (the latter, in turn, was named after the Soviet politician M. I. Kalinina ) ^{[1] [9]} .

In 1986 , the “Marxist” - “ Tretyakovskaya ” section was opened with a length of 1.7 km ^[10] . From 1960-1961 until 1989, it was planned to build a metro station at the Reutovo platform ^[11] and a station between the existing Perovo and Enthusiasts Highway , which was to be built at the intersection of Perovskaya Street , Zeleny Prospekt and Plekhanov Street , but these plans were not implemented.

In 2012 , the Novogireevo – Novokosino section was opened with a length of 3.23 km ^{[10] [12]} .

In 2009, the idea appeared to extend the line from the Novokosino station in Kozhukhovo , but the project was deemed inappropriate ^[13] . It was planned to build the stations “Nikolo-Arkhangelskaya”, “Svyatoozerskaya”, “Kosino-Ukhtomskaya” and “Rudnevo”. In 2019, the Nekrasov line was laid in this area.

Association with the Solntsevskaya line

In the long term, it was planned to build the “ Business Center ” - “ Tretyakovskaya ” section with three stations. Thus, the Solntsevsky and Kalinin radius should have been united in one line ^[14] . But on March 13, 2019, Sergei Sobyanin, in an interview with TV Center , said that the merger was no longer planned ^[15] , however, they would return to this issue in 2023 after the closure of the BKL , since the merger was laid down in the general plan of Moscow ^[16] .

Near the metro station " Ploshchad Ilyicha " is the railway platform Sickle and Hammer of the Gorky direction of the Moscow Railway , and near the metro station " Aviamotornaya " is the platform of the New Kazan direction of the Moscow Railway . Also not far from the Shosse Entuziastov metro station is the MCC Entranceway Highway station , and from the Novogireevo and Novokosino metro stations, the Novogireevo platform and Reutovo station in the Gorky direction of the Moscow Railway are respectively.

Depot

In the period from 1985 to 1989, the PM-12 Novogireevo was used as a working depot for the PM-4 Krasnaya Presnya , which served the line at that time.

Number of wagons in trains

Types of wagons used on the line

According to 2010 data , about 200 wagons are involved in the line ^[17] .

In 2009, work was carried out to switch from seven-car to eight-car trains. Since July 2009, only eight-car trains run along the line.

From April 2012 to March 2013 , the line was used to replace old 81-717 / 714 cars with new 81-760 / 761 Oka cars.

As the main means of signaling, the ALS-ARS system with normally extinguished automatic traffic lights is used.

Outdoor equipment:

• section "Tretyakov" - "Novogireevo": ARS-DAU;
• section "Novogireevo" - "Novokosino": ARS-Dnepr.

Train equipment:

• Wagons of type 81-717 / 714 - ARS-MP;
• Wagons of the type 81-760 / 761 "Oka" - BARS (as part of the "Vityaz-2" system).

At the Novogireevo station, the ALS-ARS systems are changing, so a stop at it is mandatory. In ALS-ARS mode, the station cannot travel without stopping.

Backup Alarm:

• section "Tretyakovskaya" - "Novogireevo": three-digit lateral automatic blocking without hitchhikers and protective sections;
• Novogireevo - Novokosino section: two-digit lateral automatic blocking without hitchhikers and protective sections.

Lens traffic lights are installed on the line. In 2007, instead of incandescent lamps, LED emitters of ISPL were installed in them. At the Novogireevo - Novokosino section, the ISMPL LED emitters were installed initially.

Escalator Crash at Aviamotornaya

On February 17, 1982, at the Aviamotornaya station , as a result of an escalator breakdown caused by structural defects and improper maintenance, an incident occurred with human casualties.

At about 16:30, due to an increase in passenger traffic, escalator No. 4 was turned on for the descent. About 17 o’clock, the escalator staircase, as it turned out later, suddenly began to accelerate due to the escalator chains-trolleys from the engine holding them, and in just a few seconds it developed a speed that was 2–2.4 times the rated speed. People on the escalator could not stay on their feet and fell, sliding down and blocking the exit from the lower platform. Some, fleeing the fall, jumped onto the balustrades of the escalator. In less than two minutes, almost all the passengers on the escalator (about 100 people) rolled down. At 17:10 the entrance to the station was limited, at 17:35 it was closed, and at 17:45 the station was completely closed - the trains followed it without stopping.

The plastic sheathing of the balustrade was not able to withstand the weight of people jumping onto it, who fell through it and received bruises from falling onto the concrete base of the escalator tunnel from a height of two meters. All the dead died as a result of a crush on the lower platform of the escalator.

The exact number of victims - 8 dead and 30 wounded - was announced only 9 months later, at a meeting of the Supreme Court of the RSFSR .

As a result of the investigation, it turned out that in December 1981, four brakes of the Aviamotornaya station were equipped with service brakes for the new system, requiring adjustment according to a new specially developed instruction. However, V.P. Zagvozdkin, the master of operation of the station escalators, continued to adjust the brakes according to the old familiar scheme, neglecting the new instruction. Thus, within three months from the installation of the brake systems to the day of the disaster, all four station escalators were operated in emergency mode.

The direct cause of the accident was the kink of step No. 96. The damaged step when passing the lower platform of the escalator caused the destruction of the comb, the protection tripped and the electric motor switched off. The activated electromagnetic service brake was able to develop the necessary braking torque much later than the set value - the braking distance was more than 11 meters. The mechanical emergency brake simply did not work, since the web speed did not reach the threshold value, and there was simply no electrical circuit for monitoring the status of the service brake in the escalators of this series.

The tragic experience was taken into account. From May 12 to May 28, 1982, the Aviamotornaya station was closed for the repair and modification of escalators. In the future, urgently, but without closing the stations, all the ET series escalators at the other metro stations were modified - the steps were strengthened, the brakes were upgraded, the thickness of the balustrade cladding sheets was increased from 3 to 8-10 mm ^[18] .

Terrorist attack at Tretyakovskaya station

On January 1, 1998, a terrorist attack took place in the lobby of the Tretyakovskaya station. As a result of the explosive device, the charge power of which is estimated at 150 g of TNT , three people were injured. The explosive device was hidden in a small purse. She was discovered by the driver and, as he aroused his suspicions, was transferred to the station duty officer who called the police. The explosive device worked before the police appeared and wounded the duty officer and two cleaners nearby ^[19] .

• Unfinished stations of the Kalinin line

• Kalinin line on the official website of the Moscow Metro
• Kalinin line on the site nashemetro.ru
• Site "Metro cars"
• Kalinin-Solntsevskaya line on the site “Moscow metro. Project Artemy Lebedev "
• Stations of the Kalinin line on the site "Walks on the subway"