September 27

See also: Category: Holidays September 27

International

• World Tourism Day .

National

•   Belgium - Holiday of the French-speaking Cultural Community .
•   Poland is a state holiday " Day of the Polish underground state ."
•   Russia - Day of Preschool Education Workers .
•   Ukraine - Tourism Day .
•   Mongolia - Television Day .

  Religious

  Orthodoxy ^{[2] [3]}

- Exaltation of the Holy and Life-giving Cross of the Lord ;

- The repose of St. John Chrysostom ( 407 );

- celebration of the Lesninskaya icon of the Mother of God ( 1683 ).

Name Day

• Catholic : Vincent , Damiant , Cosma .
• Orthodox : Ivan .

See also: Category: September 27 events

Until the 19th century

• 489 - during the Ostrogothic conquest of Italy, a battle took place near the city of Verona , in which the Ostrogoth army under the command of King Theodoric the Great defeated the army of the ruler of Italy, Odoacre .
• 1066 - the army of William the Conqueror embarked on ships at the mouth of the Somme and, crossing the English Channel , the next morning, landed on the English coast near the city of Pevency .
• 1130 - Southern Italy and Sicily merged into a single Sicilian kingdom .
• 1480 - the rulers of Spain, Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon, with the sanction of Pope Sixtus IV, established the Spanish Inquisition .
• 1540 - Pope Paul III approved the statute of the Jesuit Order , the Society of Jesus, created six years earlier by Ignatius Loyola .
• 1605 - Battle of Kirchholm - defeat of the Swedish troops of Charles IX by the Lithuanian troops of Khodkevich .
• 1672 - The Royal African Company (England) received a monopoly on the trade in slaves from Africa.
• 1781 - Kiev, Chernigov, Novgorod-Seversk governorates were formed as part of Russia.

XIX century

• 1810 - a battle between the French troops, under the command of Marshal Massena and the Anglo-Portuguese army, commanded by Wellington near the Buzaco monastery ^[4] .
• 1811 - The Kazan Cathedral in St. Petersburg was consecrated.
• 1821 - Mexico gained independence from Spain .
• 1822 - Jean Francois Champollion announced the decoding of the Rosetta Stone .
• 1825 - in England, traffic began along the first public railway . The locomotive, designed by George Stephenson , drove a train with 450 passengers from Darlington to Stockton at a speed of 24 km / h.
• 1829 - Johann Friedrich Parrot first climbed Great Ararat .
• 1854 - the Arctic ship, going from the British Isles to the New World , collided with the ( France ) and sank at Cape Reis. 350 people were killed.
• 1863 - the first Russian kindergarten was opened in St. Petersburg .
• 1885 - The South Russian Technological Institute, the first higher technical educational institution in Russia, was opened in Kharkov .
• 1893 - the first Ukrainian print organ, the Svoboda newspaper, began to be published in Jersey City.

XX century

• 1905 - Albert Einstein published the work "Does the inertia of the body depend on the energy contained in it?", Which proposed the famous E = mc² .
• 1912 - in Kiev opened the stadium "Sports Field" for 3 thousand people.
• 1921 - autonomy of the Orthodox Church in Poland is granted.
• 1937 - in the town of Albion ( New York ), the first Santa Claus school was opened.
• 1940 - Germany , Italy and Japan signed the Tripartite Pact in Berlin.
• 1941 - Syria is proclaimed an independent state.
• 1942 - Nazis destroyed the ghetto in Ivanovo .
• 1946 - The Central Committee of the CP (b) U criticized the Ukrainian satirical magazine Perets .
• 1960 - the first reinforced concrete blocks were laid at the base of the Ostankino television tower - the highest tower in Europe.
• 1961 - Sierra Leone became the 100th member state of the United Nations .
• 1965 - Soviet economic councils were abolished in the USSR .
• 1967 - One of the largest RMS Queen Mary liners was transported to California, where they made a floating restaurant and museum.
• 1983 - Richard Stallman announced that a UNIX- compatible operating system should be created as part of the GNU project.
• 1990
  • USSR entered Interpol .
  • The Yakut ASSR proclaimed sovereignty.
• 1991 - the XXII Extraordinary Congress of the Komsomol gathered at the meeting resolved a single issue - "On the fate of the Komsomol" - and decided on self-dissolution.
• 1993 - the beginning of the battles for Sukhum .
• 1996 - during the capture of Kabul by Taliban troops , the former president of the DRA Mohammad Najibullah was hanged.

21st Century

• 2001 - The Norwegian government establishes the Abel Prize for Mathematical Research.
• 2003 - magnitude 7.5 earthquake in the Altai Republic , Russia ( Chui earthquake ).
• 2007 - the American AWS Dawn (Dawn), designed to study the asteroids West and Ceres, was launched from the Canaveral Cosmodrome using the Delta-2 launch vehicle .
• 2012 - the first novel by J. K. Rowling for adults “ A random vacancy ” began to be sold in the UK.

See also: Category: Born on September 27

Until the 19th century

• 1389 - Cosimo Medici (d. 1464 ), Florentine politician, statesman, merchant and banker.
• 1533 - Stefan Batory (d. 1586 ), Prince of Transylvania (1571-1576), King of Poland , Grand Duke of Lithuania (1576-1586).
• 1601 - Louis XIII the Fair (d. 1643 ), king of France (1610-1643).
• 1622 - Karel Dujardin (d. 1678 ), a Dutch artist and engraver.
• 1627 - Jacques Bossuet (d. 1704 ), French writer, bishop, ideologist of Gallicanism .
• 1630 - Michael Wilmann (d. 1706 ), German baroque painter.
• 1657 - Sofya Alekseevna Romanova (d. 1704 ), Tsarevna, daughter of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich , in 1682-1689. regent under the younger brothers Peter and Ivan .

XIX century

• 1824 - Benjamin Gould (d. 1896 ), American astronomer, meteorologist, creator of the "American Astronomical Journal".
• 1840 - Thomas Nast (d. 1902 ), American political cartoonist of German descent.
• 1867 - Vladimir Mai-Mayevsky (d. 1920 ), commander of the Russian army and the White movement .
• 1871 - Grace Deledda (d. 1936 ), Italian writer (Ashes, Mother, Homesickness, etc.), Nobel Laureate (1926).
• 1879 - Cyril Scott (d. 1970 ), English composer and writer.
• 1880 - Jacques Thibault (d. 1953 ), French violin virtuoso.
• 1885 - Efim Schadenko (d. 1951), Soviet military figure Colonel General , one of the founders of the 1st Cavalry Army .
• 1894 - Anastasia Tsvetaeva (d. 1993 ), poet, younger sister of Marina Tsvetaeva (“Royal Thoughts”, “Smoke, Smoke, Smoke”).
• 1897 - Irma Yaunzem (d. 1975 ), singer ( mezzo-soprano ), teacher, People's Artist of the RSFSR.

XX century

• 1904 - Sofya Preobrazhenskaya (d. 1966 ), opera singer (mezzo-soprano), teacher, people's artist of the USSR.
• 1910 - Sergey Lukyanov (d. 1965 ), theater and film actor, People's Artist of the RSFSR (films: “The Rumyantsev Case”, “Kuban Cossacks”, “Donetsk Miners”, etc.).
• 1918 - Martin Ryle (d. 1984 ), English radio astronomer, Nobel laureate in physics (1974, jointly with Anthony Hewish ).
• 1921 - Miklos Jancio (d. 2014 ), Hungarian film director and screenwriter.
• 1922
  • Arthur Penn (d. 2010 ), American filmmaker, screenwriter, producer.
  • Mikhail Shuydin (d. 1983 ), circus clown, acrobat-eccentric, People's Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1924 - Mikhail Konstantinov (d. 2002 ), architect, author of the Krasnopresnenskaya metro station.
• 1925 - Budimir Metalnikov (d. 2001 ), Soviet and Russian screenwriter and film director.
• 1929 - Barbara Murray (d. 2014 ), British actress.
• 1930 - Stepan Sitaryan (d. 2009 ), Soviet and Russian economist, statesman, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences and RAS .
• 1932
  • Friedrich Neznansky (d. 2013 ), Russian lawyer, publicist and writer, author of detective stories.
  • Yash Chopra (d. 2012 ), Indian director and producer (films: “ Chandni ”, “ Crazy Heart ”, “ Vir and Zara ”, etc.).
• 1946 - Igor Klebanov , cameraman, people's artist of Russia.
• 1947
  • Meath Lawf (real name Marvin Lee Eday ), American rock singer and theater actor.
  • Dick Advocaat , Dutch soccer coach, first foreign specialist to put the Russian team in first place in the Russian Premier League.
• 1948 - Anatoly Romanov , Soviet and Russian military leader, Colonel General, Hero of the Russian Federation.
• 1952 - Konstantin Melihan , Russian comedian, entertainer, cartoonist, television and radio host.
• 1953 - Greg Ham (d. 2012 ), Australian musician, songwriter, member of the band " Men at Work ".
• 1954 - Larry Wall , American programmer, creator of the Perl programming language .
• 1955 - Alexander Galibin , Soviet and Russian film and theater actor, people's artist of Russia (films: Tavern on Pyatnitskaya, Battalions Ask for Fire, Jack Vosmerkin - “American”, etc.).
• 1958
  • Irwin Welch , a modern Scottish writer, author of the acclaimed books On the Needle and Acid House.
  • Sergey Sholokhov , Soviet and Russian journalist, art critic, TV presenter.
• 1960 - Jean-Marc Barr , French actor (films: “The Blue Abyss ”, “Breaking the Waves”, “Plague”, etc.).
• 1965 - Steve Kerr , American basketball player and coach, 6-time NBA champion (5 times as a player and 1 time as a coach).
• 1972 - Gwyneth Paltrow , American film actress, winner of the Academy Award.
• 1976 - Francesco Totti , Italian footballer, world champion.
• 1978 - Ani Lorak , Ukrainian and Russian singer, fashion model, people's artist of Ukraine .
• 1982 - Lil Wayne , American rapper.
• 1984 - Avril Lavigne , Canadian singer.
• 1987 - Vanessa James , American, British French figure skater-guy, European champion

See also: Category: September 27 dead

• 1590 - Urban VII (b. 1521 ), 228th Pope; ruled only 12 days, died of malaria.
• 1612 - Peter Skarga (b. 1536 ), Jesuit preacher, first rector of the Vilnius Academy and University .
• 1651 - Maximilian I (b. 1573 ), Elector of the Palatinate (1623–1648), Elector of Bavaria (from 1648).
• 1660 - Vincent de Paul (b. 1581 ), French monk, Catholic saint.
• 1700 - Innocent XII (b. 1615 ), 242nd Pope (1691-1700).
• 1728 - Andrei Matveev (b. 1666 ), Russian statesman, diplomat, associate of Peter I.
• 1838 - Bernard Courtois (b. 1777 ), French chemist, pioneer of iodine .
• 1891 - Ivan Goncharov (b. 1812 ), Russian writer.
• 1917 - Edgar Degas (b. 1834 ), French painter, graphic artist and sculptor.
• 1919 - Adeline Patti (b. 1843 ), Italian singer, beloved vocalist Giuseppe Verdi .
• 1921 - Engelbert Humperdinck (b. 1854 ), a German composer and conductor, his name in the 1960s was taken by his pseudonym popular English singer Arnold Dorsi .
• 1940
  • Julius Wagner-Jauregg (b. 1857 ), Austrian psychiatrist, Nobel laureate (1917).
  • Walter Benjamin (b. 1892 ), German philosopher, theorist of history, literary critic.
• 1944
  • Aristide Maillol (b. 1861 ), French sculptor and painter of Catalan origin.
  • Sergei Prokudin-Gorsky (b. 1863 ), Russian photographer.
• 1959 - Hans Grimm (b. 1875 ), writer, publicist, ideologist of the German Nazis .
• 1965 - Clara Bow (b. 1905 ), American film actress, silent movie star.
• 1967 - Felix Yusupov (b. 1887 ), Russian aristocrat, murderer of Grigory Rasputin .
• 1981 - Robert Montgomery (b. 1904 ), American actor, film director and producer.
• 1983 - Mikhailo Stelmakh (b. 1912 ), Ukrainian writer.
• 1985 - Nikolai Gulaev (b. 1918 ), Soviet ace pilot, fighter, twice Hero of the Soviet Union.
• 1986
  • Eva Ruttkai (b. 1927 ), Hungarian actress.
  • Clifford Lee Burton (b. 1962 ), bassist of the American band Metallica .
• 1990 - Matvey Blanter (b. 1903 ), composer, People's Artist of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor.
• 1991 - Una Chaplin (b. 1926 ), daughter of the American writer Eugene O'Neill , wife of Charlie Chaplin .
• 1993 - James Doolittle (b. 1896 ), a US Air Force pilot who led the " Doolittle Raid " (1942).
• 1996 - Mohammad Najibullah (b. 1947 ), president of Afghanistan (1987-1992), was assassinated .
• 2001 - Boris Tolochkov (b. 1929 ), Soviet choirmaster and composer.
• 2006 - Sofya Muratova (b. 1929 ), Soviet gymnast, two-time Olympic champion, three-time world champion.
• 2007 - Alexander Lemansky (b. 1935 ), general designer of NPO Almaz
• 2009 - Ivan Dykhovichny (b. 1947 ), Soviet and Russian actor, director, screenwriter and producer.
• 2010 - Peter Merkuryev (b. 1943 ), Soviet and Russian actor, musicologist, choirmaster, music journalist.
• 2017 - Hugh Hefner (b. 1926 ), American publisher, founder and chief editor of Playboy magazine.

Exaltation , Exaltation day, Stavrov day, Third autumn.

• On Vozdvizhenie a rapid onset of cold weather is observed, the end of harvesting, and the further freezing of animal life before winter. Many sayings are based on the consonance of words: erection - movement: "Erection - the caftan with a fur coat has moved." "Exaltation - the caftan will move from the shoulders, the sheepskin coat will slide over." The third meeting of the fall. "Exaltation moves heat, and cold pushes." "The exaltation of autumn and winter moves toward." On Exaltation, the bird moved away. "Moved the birds of the string over Russia." "On Exaltation, the snakes crawl in heaps, along ravines, and hide in the ground." "Near the Exaltation of the serpent numb, before hibernation." "Neither serpents, nor a reptile move on the raw land on the Exaltation." "The Exaltation of the winter is not a problem for a peasant."
• At this time, one of the most important autumn work of village women begins - chopping cabbage and harvesting it for the winter. Many sayings are devoted to these works: "Exaltation is a cabbage, it is time to chop cabbage." "On Exaltation, the first lady is cabbage." "Say, woman about cabbage - Exaltation has come ..." "And a bad woman about Exaltation is a cabbage." "Then chop the cabbage from the Exaltation." “In Exaltation of a Good Young Man - Cabbage at the Porch.” "Have a good man on Vozdvizhenev day and a pie with cabbage."
• Beginning of girls' cabbage parties, skits, cabbage nights. Chopping cabbage ^[5] is not a simple work, but a whole ceremony, and it was performed with different songs, accompanied by refreshments in the evenings. "Kapustin parties - for two weeks."