Bogoslovag ( Theological Correctional Labor Camp ) is a subdivision operating in the structure of the General Directorate of Correctional Labor Camps of the People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the USSR ( GULAG NKVD ). It was created for the construction of the Theological Aluminum Plant and the maintenance of the Severouralsk bauxite mines. The second largest camp (after Tagillag ) in the Sverdlovsk region.
History
Bogoslovag was created on November 15, 1940, closed on January 26, 1949.
Location:
- Station Bauxites of the Kaganovich Railway in 1940 (Sverdlovsk Region);
- the village Turiny mines of the Serov district of the Sverdlovsk region in 1941—1942;
- Station Turinsky mines of the Sverdlovsk Railway in 1944-1946;
- The city of Bogoslovsk, Sverdlovsk region in 1942—1947
The number of contingent on October 1, 1941 was 14,258 people. In the period from 1941 to 1946, 18.1% of labor soldiers died in the Theological Log , 29.8% were demobilized for disability, 4% were arrested.
From 1941 to 1945, 70,610 special contingent troops visited the camp, of which 20,711 were Soviet Germans. Labor-mobilized Germans from the southern regions of Ukraine, the North Caucasus and other regions of the country were brought on September 21, 1941. In February 1942, the second intake of labor soldiers from the Omsk Region (11,342 people) occurred. The national composition of the camp is 98.9% Russian Germans born in the Volga region and the Volga-Vyatka region, natives of Ukraine, Moldova and the Crimea. Women made up 0.5% of the contingent (110 people). Labor-mobilized Theologians were united in 5 construction teams [1] .
From 1942 to 1947, a camp zone was organized in Bogoslovsk for Russian Germans mobilized for work in the coal industry. In the camp there were 16 barracks, each with 25 rooms with plank beds in three floors for 18 people. The camp area was surrounded by barbed wire, in the corners were 4 towers with armed guards. The camp housed more than 7,000 people aged from 14 to 65 years [2] . On January 1, 1954, about 400 people lived in the villages of the 1st and 2nd zones. A total of 5,298 Germans were in the special settlement in the Karpinsky district at this time [3] .
In fact, Krasnoturyinsk and the Theological Aluminum Plant were created by the hands of prisoners — dispossessed peasants and ethnic Germans of the Volga region , who were mobilized during the war into the labor army . Mortality at the construction site was enormous: of the fifteen thousand German labor soldiers, according to the most minimal estimates, about 20% died [4] . In the city on the bank of the Krasnoturinsk reservoir a monument to the ethnic Germans who died in the construction has been erected.
Notes
- ↑ Kirillov V.M. General laws and specifics of the content of labor-mobilized Russian Germans
- ↑ Distergeft EP Recalling the experiences. "Tagil ethnographer" № 7, April 1990
- ↑ AIC ATC CO. F.12. Op.1. D.10. L.88-91
- ↑ Cities of the “St. Petersburg parallel”: sketches from life. Rosbalt (Inaccessible link) . The appeal date was July 31, 2007. Archived September 29, 2007.