Inventor of container shipping Malcolm Macklin at the Port of New York and New Jersey ( 1957 )
Container transportation (or containerization ) - cargo transportation using standard containers . Allow to carry out non-reloading delivery of goods from the sender to the recipient, thereby significantly reducing the volume of intermediate loading and unloading operations.
Content
Basic Information
Container wagons ( Israel , 2008)
Container transportation is carried out by various means of transport, including water ( river and sea transportation ), land ( road and rail transportation ) and even air ( air transportation , can be transported as ISO standard containers or specialized ULD ). Unloading, sorting, temporary storage and loading of containers is carried out on a specially allocated part of the cargo area - the container point .
Benefits
- The transportation of small piece goods is accelerated, since the sender simply puts many different small goods (for example, clothes and shoes ) in one container, with which work is already being carried out, thereby increasing the productivity of work on loading and unloading.
- The ISO containers used around the world have standardized sizes, which allows you to create specialized vehicles for their transportation ( container trucks ), as well as for loading and unloading (for example, reach stacker ). At the same time, the unified location of the clamps - fittings - allows you to avoid the work of securing containers on the vehicle, or significantly reduce them.
- Reducing the time for loading and unloading in turn reduces downtime.
- There is no need to create containers for each individual consignment of goods, as well as its fastening on a vehicle, which gives significant savings in timber, fasteners (nails) and other material resources.
- The ability to perform intermodal transport - the container can be immediately loaded with a crane from one type of transport to another (for example, from a car to a car).
See also
- Cargo transportation
- ISO container
Literature
- Container transportation // Railway transport: Encyclopedia / Ch. ed. N. S. Konarev . - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia , 1994. - S. 197. - ISBN 5-85270-115-7 .
- Frank Broeze (2002). The Globalization of the Oceans. International Maritime Economic History Association. ISBN 0-9730073-3-8 . - Containerisation from the 1950s to the Present
- Marc Levinson (2006). The Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller and the World Economy Bigger. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-12324-1 .
- "Container Handbook . " German Insurance Association. 2006.