Magnus Johann von Berg ( Magnus Johann von Berg ), in the Russian service Maxim Vasilievich Berch (March 26, 1720 - August 9, 1784) was a general-in-chief of the Russian imperial army from the Baltic family of Berg . One of the first Russian partisans [1] , at the end of the Seven Years' War - the head of the light cavalry . The father of generals Gregory and Burkhard Berg .
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Military career
Born in a large family of the Livonian landrat Gotthard Wilhelm Berg and his wife Eva Helen, nee von Helmersen. At the age of 12, he was enrolled for military service, and at the age of 20 he fulfilled a responsible assignment to escort an arrested cabinet minister, M. G. Golovkin, to Siberian exile.
In the reign of Empress Elizabeth Berg he participated in campaigns against the Swedes and Prussians with honors. From December 25, 1755 - Brigadier, from January 1, 1759 - Major General. Commanding the Seven Years' War with the corps, it was distinguished by the display of initiative and the able leadership of light troops. Under Kunersdorf, the first of the Russian commanders went on the offensive and snatched the victory from the hands of Frederick the Great . Supported by Prince Volkonski and Vilbua, Berg struck the Prussians in the flank and, having beaten off their batteries, forced him to retreat to Kungrud. After Kunersdorf (for which he was awarded the Order of St. Anne ) gave advice to go to Berlin .
In 1761, Berg, at the head of the flying equestrian detachment, made a series of courageous raids and acquired the glory of a dashing cavalry general. Among the subordinates he had the future generalissimo A.V. Suvorov , who more than once called Berg his teacher. In particular, on June 22 in the vicinity of Brigi he defeated the Prussian hussars , and on July 16 he won a new victory at Breslau . After a series of skirmishes, on October 4, Neigardt took over and, on October 5, he made a raid on the Weissengine camp, which ended in a stubborn and successful battle on October 8 in Tsaylov with the surrender of one thousand Prussians. From April 25, 1762 to July 5, 1762 - Chief of the Cuirassier Major General von Berg Regiment . July 5, 1762 promoted to lieutenant general and was awarded the Order of St.. Alexander Nevsky .
During the war with the Turks he commanded a separate corps in the Northern Black Sea region. In 1770, during the siege, Bender covered her from the side of Ochakovo . In 1771, he participated in the campaign of Prince Dolgorukov to the Crimea and on January 29, near Kafoy , commanding the right wing, he helped to win a decisive victory over the Turks. At the end of the war, April 21, 1773, he was promoted to commanding general.
Family
Wife since 1754 - Baroness Eleanor Elizaveta Dorothea von Munnich (1729-75), the niece of Field Marshal Munnich, heiress of the Alt Drostengoff manor. Children [2] :
- Christian Wilhelm (1760–1789), Colonel; married from 1785 to Gedwig Dorothee von Sivers (1764–1830), heir to the estate of Susenküll.
- Burchard Magnus (1764–1838), Lieutenant General, Commander of Vyborg; married from 1791 to Anne von Dunker, daughter of the court architect.
- Gregor (1765–1833), General of Infantry, Commander Revel, then Revel Governor General; married from 1792 to the widow of his brother, Hedwig Dorothee von Sievers.
- Eleonora Elena (1768–1824), wife of the Livonian prosecutor Gustav Wilhelm von Berg, her cousin.
Notes
- ↑ Denis Davydov refers to his experience in his first work, The Theory of Partisan Action.
- ↑ Lobanov-Rostovsky A. B. Russian genealogical book . - SPb. : Edition of A.S. Suvorin, 1895. - Vol. 1. - p. 46-61.
Sources
- Military encyclopedia Sytin . Volume IV. Page 477-478.
- Berg, Maxim Vasilievich // Russian biographical dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.