SSH-36 (also known as the “cholhingolka” [1] [2] ) is a 1936 steel helmet .
The first Soviet- made steel helmet adopted by the Red Army .
The personal protective equipment of the soldiers of the Red Army, was widely used in the Armed Forces by the Soviet Union during the battles in Hasan and Khalkhin-Gol , in the Polish campaign of the Red Army , in the Soviet-Finnish War and in the initial period of the Great Patriotic War. Also, its use by Soviet soldiers of certain units during the Soviet-Japanese war in 1945 was noted.
It was worn like all other helmets with a hood.
Content
- 1 History
- 2 Types
- 3 See also
- 4 notes
- 5 Links
History
In the 1920s and 1930s, helmets of the " Adrian 's Helmet " type, which appeared in the Russian Army in 1916 , and helmets of the M17 type, in relatively small quantities, were used in the Red Army. The M29 helmet, developed in 1929, as well as the M30 - 1930, never went into production.
In mid-1934, the People's Commissariat of Defense of the USSR issued a task to develop a steel helmet for the Red Army, corresponding to the conditions of modern combined arms combat .
In 1935, the production of a helmet of a new type, developed by Schwartz, adopted for service in 1936 [2] and received the designation SSh-36 , began at the Lysvensky Metallurgical Plant .
The new helmet received an original hemispherical shape with an outstanding forward visor and side slopes. Its silhouette was like a German steel helmet .
The SSH-36 became the first helmet designed and launched into mass production in the USSR . The SSH-36 received baptism of fire during the war in Spain , where it was delivered to republicans and inter-brigades .
In the summer of 1938, steel helmets were used during the fighting near Lake Hassan . According to the analysis of wounds received by the Red Army soldiers during the hostilities near Lake Hasan, it was found that the presence of a helmet allowed to reduce the mortality rate of the Red Army soldiers from skull injuries to 5.8% (while during the First World War, the mortality from skull injuries of the Tsarist army , who did not have metal helmets, was 50%) [3] .
Later it was actively used by the Red Army in the battles at Khalkhin Gol , where it received the nickname "chalkhingolka" [4] , as well as in the Winter War and the Polish campaign in 1939. However, during its application, a significant number of shortcomings were identified. So, wide fields created a “sail effect” and made it difficult for a soldier to move, and a large visor reduced his visibility. For these and other reasons, in 1939 work began on the next helmet, which later became known as SS-39 , then SS-40 [4] . Beginning in 1940, a gradual replacement of the SSh-36 with helmets of a new model began in the Red Army, however, the outbreak of World War II pushed this replacement, as a result of which the SSh-36 was used mixed with the SSh-40 by Soviet soldiers until about 1943 .
At the same time, some of the Soviet soldiers used this helmet during the Soviet-Japanese war in August - September 1945, which is quite a bit of evidence in the newsreel filmed by Soviet documentary filmmakers. In particular, it is displayed in the 19th series of the documentary film “Unknown War” (USA-USSR, 1978).
Types
SSH-36 was in shape - round, oval and elongated and had three sizes in size, in each shape:
- big
- average
- small
See also
- Iron hat
- Helmet
- SSH-40
- Brody's helmet
Notes
- ↑ Helpingalka helmet // Back to the USSR website
- ↑ 1 2 Vladimir Pryamitsyn. Incident, conflict or war? On the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the beginning of the events on the Khalkhin-Gol // official site of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
- ↑ Combat experience of surgeons of the Red Army // "Red Star", No. 297 (4147) of December 28, 1938
- ↑ 1 2 Ilya Izotov. Two Perm museums became winners of the Intermuseum 2011 international festival // Rossiyskaya Gazeta, June 9, 2011