Tsaplin, Dmitry Filippovich

Dmitry Tsaplin was born into a peasant family, studied for one year at the Saratov higher art workshops ^[1] . He was a student of A. M. Lavinsky. He began to participate in exhibitions since 1920 . His first workshop was in Saratov , on Solyanaya Street . In Saratov , his first solo exhibition was held in 1925 ^[2] .

Since 1925 he lived in Moscow . In 1925 - 1927 he participated in exhibitions of the Russian Academy of Arts and OPC . In 1927, after the second solo exhibition at the House of Writers, he was sent by Commissar A. V. Lunacharsky to work abroad ^{[3] [4]} .

Dmitry Tsaplin settled in Paris , where he happened to meet with his contemporaries such as Pablo Picasso and Osip Zadkin . Here he met with the sculptor Boris Chaliapin , and then with his father Fedor Chaliapin . The result of this acquaintance was a bust of the singer (located in the Saratov Museum ). There, in Paris, little Irina Vitman, after visiting his workshop, also decided to become a sculptor.

Later, Tsaplin moved with his family to Spain . In his works of that time, art historians perceive the influence of traditional Catalan sculpture. He exhibited his works in Paris , in Mallorca , in Barcelona , in Madrid , in Valencia and in London . Despite the great demand that his sculptures used, he did not sell them abroad, considering himself obligated to return them to their homeland ^[5] .

In 1935, Dmitry Tsaplin returned to the USSR . Here he created a number of works of the portrait genre. The famed wood sculpture "Loader" brought him fame. He lived in an apartment on Tverskaya Street .

The works of D.F. Tsaplin are in the State Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow , the State Russian Museum in St. Petersburg , the State Theater Museum. Bakhrushin , Scientific and Memorial Museum of Professor N. E. Zhukovsky , Far Eastern Art Museum in Khabarovsk, North Ossetian State Art Museum named after M. S. Tuganov , Sumy Regional Art Museum named after N. H. Onatsky , Lviv Art Gallery (Ukraine) , State Museum of V.V. Mayakovsky , museums of Riga ( Latvia ), Uzhgorod , Saratov , Yekaterinburg , Astrakhan , Petrozavodsk , Perm , Kostroma , Kursk , Barnaul , Nizhny Tagil , Novosibirsk , Tver , Gapar Aitie National Museum of Art wa , at the I.V. Savitsky State Museum of Art , as well as in several foreign collections ^{[1] [2] [5]} .

He died on November 25, 1967 in Moscow. He was buried at the Don cemetery . ^[6]

The work of D.F. Tsaplin is divided into several periods: the works of the period of residence in France fit perfectly into the tradition of European Art Deco, which is why they were loved by the European public of those years; in the Spanish period, art historians perceive the influence of traditional Catalan sculpture; the Soviet period (upon returning to the USSR ) is tragic and absurd at the same time. The artist, who sincerely believed in the ideas of communism and revolution, was not needed by the system. Tsaplin’s workshop at the back of the GUM was often visited by Alexander Tyshler , Vladimir Tatlin , Robert Falk , with whom Tsaplin was friends, officials, representatives of bohemia and a whole generation of young writers and artists. One of them was Leonid Sokov , who repeatedly said in an interview that after visiting the workshops of Tsaplin and Vasily Vatagin, he realized that the sculptor can live and earn money without actually touching the propaganda machine. The Soviet press accused Tsaplin of formalism, he was not given orders, there were no exhibitions. But he found his niche - animalistic . Demand for animal images in the USSR was uninterrupted. In his spare time, he also carved the hollow wooden heads of Lenin and Marx and allegory sculptures, today known under the code names “Rising”, “Atlanta”, “From Space”. Tsaplin invented his own impregnation for wood - his sculptures are still too tough for a wood bug . Despite the emphatically non-Soviet aesthetics of the works of D.F. Tsaplin, museums and various Soviet organizations turned to the sculptor with proposals for the purchase of his works. Tsaplin also experimented with abstraction - he made glass sculptures that have now disappeared. Such is the fate of most of his works ^[5] .

Exhibitions

Exhibitions of Dmitry Tsaplin's works were held in Paris , Barcelona , London , Madrid , Mallorca , Valencia , Moscow , Warsaw , Wroclaw and other cities ^[7] .

In 2004, most of the works of D.F. Tsaplin disappeared. In place of the sculptor's workshop, construction of a shopping center was started. Only about 40 out of 250 works were saved ^[8] .

In 2013, Tsaplin’s daughter Vera-Alena died, becoming a victim of “black realtors”. Criminals took possession of her apartment in Moscow on Tverskaya Street. On the account of the gang was not one such murder. When, after long trials, relatives were able to get into the apartment, it was empty: Tsaplin’s work was no longer there, papers from the family archive were dumped in a heap on the balcony ^[5] .

On February 28, 2017, the head of the city of Saratov signed the Decree on the allocation of space in the new microdistrict named after Dmitry Filippovich Tsaplin ^{[9] [10]} .

In July 2018, the State Tretyakov Gallery launched an unprecedented program to raise money for the purchase and restoration of the sculptor Dmitry Filippovich Tsaplin ^[11] .

• 1978 - Moscow, publishing house " Soviet Artist ", I. Nenarokomova, "Panorama of the Arts", a popular science collection.
• 1990 - Moscow, publishing house " Soviet Artist ", Tikhanova V. A. , "The face of wildlife. Essays on Soviet animalists. "
• 1998 - Moscow, publishing house " Red Square ", "State Tretyakov Gallery. Meeting directory. Sculpture of the second half of the XX century. "
• 2004 - Moscow, Ripol Classic publishing house, N. N. Sokolova, “Fedor Chaliapin. Memories. Articles".
• 2016 - Saratov, publishing house "Saratov source", Novikov E. A., "I made my art for my people." Sculptor D.F. Tsaplin.
• 2019 - Saratov, Novy Veter Publishing House, E. Novikov, “I made my art for my people.” Sculptor D.F. Tsaplin. Ed. 2nd, rev. and extra.

• Dmitry Tsaplin: a sculptor who did not fit into the era
• Save Tsaplin. Kommersant
• Charity dinner of the Patrons Club at the Tretyakov Gallery
• News Radishchevsky Museum. In memory of Dmitry Tsaplin
• Tsaplin Dmitry Filippovich
• Dmitry Tsaplin // Tretyakov Gallery
• Photo exhibition "Dmitry Tsaplin" in the Kalinin Museum of History and Local Lore
• Evgeny Novikov. The successor of Slavic culture. // To the 125th anniversary of the sculptor Dmitry Tsaplin
• V.A. Tarchevskaya. Sculptor Tsaplin.
• Ekaterina Nenasheva. The tragedy of the sculptor.
• Dmitry Tsaplin - Russian genius // Tomorrow, March 10, 2010