Daniel Bomberg ( Dutch: Daniel van Bomberghen ; between 1470 and 1480, Antwerp , Burgundy Netherlands - December 23, 1553 , Antwerp , Seventeen Provinces ) - Dutch pioneer of the Renaissance .
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Biography
He is a Dutchman by birth from a Catholic family, his relatives moved to Antwerp from Haarlem , they were engaged in the trade in fabrics, mainly with Italy. His father - Cornelius van Bombergen - had an idea about printing and in 1496 participated in the publication of the first Antwerp breviary , which was printed in Venice . He gave his son to study at the University of Louvain , after graduating from Daniel in 1516, he himself moved to Venice. He became interested in Hebrew and Jewish literature, studying under Felix Pratsky , a baptized Jew.
In Venice, he carried out all his famous printing works in Hebrew - about 230 in total, driven primarily by financial considerations - many Jews from Spain and Portugal, who needed religious literature, moved to Italy. His first known publication is the rabbinical Bible with commentaries “ Mikraot Gedolot ” (1516-1517). Between 1524 and 1525, the Big Bomberg Bible was published, based on the Masoretic text of Aaron bin Asher, which in turn was based on the authority of Maimonides . In parallel, Bomberg was the editor and publisher of the full 12-volume edition of the Talmud (the first edition of 1520-1523, the second completed in 1531), laying the standard for the publication of religious literature in Hebrew. Until now, any edition of the Talmud uses pagination [2] by the Bomberg edition. For a long time it was the only publication free from censorship inserts and exemptions. This publication received the approval of Pope Leo X , in addition, Bomberg was not persecuted by the authorities and the Inquisition , destroying the work of Jewish printers. Since 1527, at the Venetian printing house of Bomberg, he worked as proofreader Eliya Levita .
Respected among the Jewish community of Italy, where the majority of readers of his publications lived, Bomberg returned to Flanders in 1549, where he died four years later.
After the death of Bomberg, his heirs sold Jewish typographic fonts to H. Planten , they were used in the publication of the Polyglot Bible .
Notes
- ↑ http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd116237317.html
- ↑ Since the time of Bomberg, Talmudic references have traditionally been built as “Treatise, sheet number + side of the sheet” for this publication (for example, “Brahot, 40a”). Therefore, the later editions of the Talmud strictly repeat the Bomberg division of the text into pages and their numbering. “Tanah. The era of tanaim and amoraim, the era of the geonym. Talmud. Archived June 6, 2014 to Wayback Machine
Literature
- HDL VERVLIET, Daniel van Bomberghen in het Nationaal Biografisch Woordenboek, deel 1, kol. 219-221, Brussel, 1964
- J.-J. THONISSEN, Daniel Bomberg in de Biographie Nationale, deel 2, kol. 666–667, Brussel, 1868
- Karl Steiff: Bomberg, Daniel. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Band 47, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1903, S. 95-97.
- AM Haberman, The printer Daniel Bomberg and the list of books published by his press, Safed-Tel Aviv 1978
- Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz: Bomberg, Daniel. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Band 4, Bautz, Herzberg 1992, ISBN 3-88309-038-7 , Sp. 677–678.