Cherry plum 'Gold of the Scythians' - a universal variety , early ripening. Obtained from the seedling from free pollination of the Kuban Comet variety using mutagens .
| Cherry plum 'Gold of the Scythians' [1] | |
|---|---|
| Taxonomy | |
| Kind | Plum ( lat.Prunus ) |
| Grade | 'Gold of the Scythians' |
| Reg. title | 'Gold of the Scythians' |
| Synonyms | |
| |
| Origin | |
| Parents | |
| Cherry plum 'Kuban Comet' ×? | |
| Country of origin |  Russia |
| Breeder | A.V. Isachkin, N.V. Agafonov, B.N. Vorobiev [2] |
| Originator | Moscow Agricultural Academy K.A. Timiryazev |
| Registrar | Federal State Institution “State Commission of the Russian Federation for the Testing and Protection of Breeding Achievements” |
The group of hybrids which includes the 'Scythian Gold' is called - Russian plum ( lat. Prunus × rossica Erem. [3] ). This is a fundamentally new stone fruit culture created in Russia in the 20th century as a result of hybridization of cherry plum and Chinese plum . Combines the high productivity and endurance of cherry plum with large-fruited and good taste. The idea of the name "Russian plum" was proposed by the Americans after meeting a plum hybrid. Cherry plum is a member of the Plum genus, and most of its hybrids are bred in Russia [4] .
Russian plums are registered by the Federal State Institution “State Commission of the Russian Federation for the Testing and Protection of Breeding Achievements” under the generic name Alycha.
The variety 'Zlato Skifov' was included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in 2005 for the Central Region [1] .
Content
Origin
| Chinese plum 'Ussuri red 389' (syn .: 'Large red 389') | ||||||||||||||||
| Chinese Plum 'Skoroplodnaya' | ||||||||||||||||
| Prunus simonii | ||||||||||||||||
| Prunus 'Climax' (syn .: Plum 'Klaimeks') | ||||||||||||||||
| Chinese plum ( Prunus salicina ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Cherry plum 'Kuban Comet' | ||||||||||||||||
| Cherry plum 'Pioneer' (the variety is distinguished among local forms of cherry plum of the Crimea) | ||||||||||||||||
| Cherry plum 'Gold of the Scythians' | ||||||||||||||||
| ? | ||||||||||||||||
Biological Description
The tree is medium-sized, the crown is sprawling, rare. Shoots are thick, cranked, yellowish.
The leaves are large, green, with a rugged edge.
Fruits are large, 35-36 g, round-oval in shape, aligned. The abdominal suture is weak. The skin is yellow, with a slight waxy coating, medium thickness, dense. Funnel of medium depth, narrow. The top of the fruit is flat. The peduncle is of medium length and thickness. The pulp is yellow, dense, fibrous, very juicy. The taste is very good, sweet and sour. The stone is medium sized, semi-detachable. Tasting score 5 points. The fruits contain: solids 9.4%, sugar 6.3%, acid 1.9%.
A variety of universal purpose. Productivity is average. Winter hardiness is high. Relatively resistant to disease. It bears fruiting in the fourth year.
Grade advantages : very early ripening, winter hardy.
The disadvantages of the variety : self-infertile, relatively resistant to disease [1] [2] .
In Culture
Varieties of Russian plum, bred and recommended for cultivation in the southern zone, differ from cherries and plums in a longer period of active vegetation [5] . Due to the prolonged growth of shoots in the fall by the time of excavation, the seedlings mature poorly, and in winter they are more often damaged by frost and wither in the trench. Therefore, spring planting is not always successful [6] .
Landing is carried out in a pit 60 by 80 cm and a depth of 40-50 cm, it is recommended to establish a stake in the center. The upper fertile layer of the excavated soil is mixed with humus , 200 g of phosphorus and 60 g of potash fertilizers are added. Potash fertilizers can be replaced with wood ash - 0.5 kg per landing pit. Fresh manure , nitrogen fertilizers and lime in the planting pit is not recommended to be made [7] .
Shaping pruning of too long young shoots is recommended. You need to catch the moment when the growth of the shoots has just stopped, and shorten them by 20 centimeters [4] . Anti-aging pruning is performed on the 8-10th year of growth. The technique of rejuvenation is the same as for other fruit crops.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Cherry plum 'Gold of the Scythians' (Unavailable link) . FSBI "State Commission of the Russian Federation for the Testing and Protection of Breeding Achievements". Date of treatment April 9, 2014. Archived on April 13, 2014.
- ↑ 1 2 Cherry plum variety: Gold of the Scythians . All-Russian Research Institute for Fruit Breeding of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GNU VNIISPK of the Russian Agricultural Academy). Date of treatment May 17, 2014.
- ↑ Eremin G.V. Prunus rossica (Rosaceae) - a new hybridogenic species // Botanical Journal. - 2006. - T. 91, No. 9. - S. 1405-1410.
- ↑ 1 2 Popleva E. Gennady Eremin: “I started the experiment with cherry plum 61 years ago” // AiF at the dacha: Newspaper. - 07/23/2010. - No. 14 .
- ↑ Kruzhkov A.V. Biological features and economic value of apricot and cherry plum varieties in conditions of central Russia // Abstract. dis. for a job. student step. Cand. S.-kh. sciences. - Michurinsk, 2006.
- ↑ G. Upadysheva. Features of cultivation of promising varieties of Russian plum in the Moscow region // International distance scientific-methodological conference "New varieties of garden crops: their advantages and economic efficiency of cultivation." - 2014.
- ↑ Tyszkiewicz N. A promising southerner . Soviet Belarus (08/13/2011). Date of treatment April 9, 2014.