21 July

See also: Category: Holidays July 21

National

•   Belgium - National Day .
•   Guam - Freedom Day.

  Religious

  Orthodoxy ^{[2] [3]}

• the appearance of the icon of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the city of Kazan (1579);
• memory of the great martyr Procopius (303);
• memory of the righteous Procopius, Christ for the sake of the holy fool, Ustyuzh miracle worker (1303);
• memory of the righteous Procopius of Ustyansky (XVII century);
• memory of the Holy Martyrs Alexander Popov, Theodore Raspopov and Nikolai Bryantsev, presbyters (1918).
• Celebrations in honor of the icons of the Mother of God:
  • Kazan (Vyshenskaya) (1812);
  • Kazan (Petersburg list) (1721);
  • Kazan (Vyaznikovskaya) (1624);
  • Kazan (Moscow) (1612);
  • The Annunciation Ustyuzhskaya (1290);
  • Kazan (Kaplunovskaya) (1689);
  • Kazan (Kazan list) (1579);
  • Kazan (Tambov) (1695);
  • Kazan (Penza) (1717);
  • Kazan (Vysochinovskaya) (XVIII);
  • Kazan (Nizhnelomovskaya) (1643);
  • Kazan (Peschanskaya) (1754);
  • Kazan (Shlisselburg);
  • Kazan (Tobolsk) (1661);
  • Kazan (Yaroslavl) (1588);
  • Kazan (Chimeevskaya) (1770);
  • Kazan (Vitebsk) (1655);
  • Jacobstadt (XVII century).

Name Day

• Catholic: Andrew , Victor , Daniel .
• Orthodox: Dmitry , Prokopiy ( Prokofiy ).

See also: Category: July 21 events

Until the 19th century

• 356 BC e. - On the night of July 20-21, Herostratus burned the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus .
• 365 - an earthquake partially destroyed one of the seven wonders of the world - the Lighthouse of Alexandria . Finally, the lighthouse was destroyed as a result of another earthquake in 1375 .
• 1542 - Pope Paul III established the Roman Inquisition to fight Protestantism .
• 1613 - (July 11, old style ) in Moscow , the coronation of Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov , the ancestor of the new Romanov dynasty on the Russian throne, took place.
• 1718 - The Pozharevatsky peace was concluded, ending the Austro-Turkish and Turkish-Venetian war .
• 1773 - Pope Clement XIV issued a bull prohibiting the Order of the Jesuits .
• 1774 - Russia and the Ottoman Empire signed the Kuchuk-Kainardzhi peace treaty , which completed the Russo-Turkish War of 1768-1774 .
• 1798 - Napoleon's Egyptian Campaign : Battle of the Pyramids .

XIX century

• 1822 - Creation of the First Mexican Empire .
• 1831 - Coronation of Leopold I , the first king of Belgium .
• 1861 - The first major land battle of the American Civil War near Manassas.
• 1883 - The Bereznikovsky Soda Plant , the first plant of its kind in Russia, was commissioned.

XX century

• 1904 - the construction of the Great Siberian Railway was completed , which lasted 13 years. The official opening of the railway took place on January 1 of the following year.
• 1906 - P. A. Stolypin was appointed head of the Russian government.
• 1917 - A.F. Kerensky headed the Provisional Government .
• 1918 - Tatars turned to Germany with a request to declare the occupied Crimea the Tatar Khanate.
• 1925 - The USSR joins the International Metric Convention .
• 1940
  • The command of Nazi Germany began the development of a military campaign against the Soviet Union - the " Barbaross Plan ".
  • The proclamation of Soviet power by the Sejm of Latvia and Lithuania and the Duma of Estonia .
• 1941 - the first Luftwaffe raid on Moscow .
• 1942 - the beginning of the battle for Kokoda
• 1944
  • US troops landed on the western part of the island of Guam , the start of the battle of Guam .
  • Creation of the Polish Committee for National Liberation . Adoption by the Regional Council of the People’s Law on the creation of the Polish Army .
• 1953 - The USSR demands from the American authorities to stop distributing free food to residents of East Berlin .
• 1954 - Geneva agreements are signed , ending the colonial war in Indochina .
• 1957 - the Capital Stone Bridge across the Daugava was opened in Riga .
• 1960 - the crash of IL-12 in Minsk . Killed 8 people.
• 1963 - Election of Paul VI by the Pope .
• 1969 - American astronauts Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin fly to the surface of the moon as part of the Apollo 11 flight .
• 1970 - 11-year construction of the Aswan Dam in Egypt is completed .
• 1973 - Mars-4 was launched.
• 1975 - completion of the Soyuz-Apollo experiment.
• 1983 - at the Vostok Antarctic station , the lowest temperature on the planet in the entire observation history of −89.2 ° C was recorded.
• 1992 - traffic on the Brateevsky bridge in Moscow opened.
• 1999 - In Ingushetia, men are allowed to have four wives .

21st Century

• 2007 - The publication of the seventh Harry Potter book, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows , in English .
• 2010 - sabotage at the Baksan hydroelectric station ( Kabardino-Balkaria , Russia ). Two hydrogenerators were damaged, two guards perished. ^[four]
• 2011 - the last flight of the Atlantis shuttle ended. Space shuttle space program officially closed.

See also: Category: Born on July 21

Until the 19th century

• 356 BC e. - Alexander the Great (d. 323 BC ), king of Macedonia (from 336 BC), commander, creator of a world power.
• 1414 - Sixtus IV (in the world of Francesco della Rovere ; d. 1484 ), the 212nd pope (1471-1484).
• 1620 - Jean Picard (d. 1682 ), French priest and astronomer who first determined the size of the Earth.
• 1681 - Ilya Fedorovich (d. 1681 ), prince, heir to the Russian throne, son of Tsar Fedor Alekseevich and Agafya Grushetskaya .
• 1799 - Fedor Matyushkin (d. 1872 ), Russian admiral, polar explorer, senator.

XIX century

• 1810 - Henri Renaud (d. 1878 ), French chemist and physicist.
• 1816 - Paul Julius Reuters (d. 1899 ), journalist, businessman, founder of the British news agency Reuters .
• 1821 - Vasile Alexandri (d. 1890 ), Moldavian and Romanian poet, playwright, politician and diplomat.
• 1858 - Lovis Corint (d. 1925 ), German artist.
• 1882 - David Burliuk (d. 1967 ), Russian artist and futurist poet of Ukrainian origin.
• 1893 - Hans Fallad (d. 1947 ), German writer.
• 1897 - Vasily Sokolovsky (d. 1968 ), Marshal of the Soviet Union, Hero of the Soviet Union.
• 1898
  • Olga Androvskaya (d. 1975 ), theater actress, People's Artist of the USSR, State Prize laureate.
  • Leonid Sobolev (d. 1971 ), Russian Soviet writer, marine painter, journalist, public figure.
• 1899
  • Ernest Hemingway (committed suicide in 1961 ), American writer, journalist, Nobel laureate (1954).
  • Agens Weveris (d. 1976 ), Latvian poet.

XX century

• 1903 - Nikolai Sokolov (d. 2000 ), graphic artist, painter, cartoonist, member of Kukryniksy , people's artist of the USSR.
• 1910
  • Vladimir Serov (d. 1968 ), People's Artist of the USSR, author of Leninians (“Walkers by Lenin”, “Decree on Peace”, etc.).
  • Vladimir Kasatonov (d. 1989 ), Soviet military leader, Fleet Admiral, Hero of the Soviet Union.
• 1911 - Marshall McLuhan (d. 1980 ), Canadian philosopher, philologist, literary critic.
• 1913 - Samuil Aleshin (d. 2008 ), Russian Soviet writer, playwright, satirist, memoirist.
• 1920 - Isaac Stern (d. 2001 ), American violinist.
• 1923 - Rudolph Marcus , Canadian-American chemist, Nobel laureate (1992).
• 1925 - Gleb Strizhenov (d. 1985 ), theater and film actor, Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1926
  • Norman Juison , Canadian film director, producer, actor.
  • Karel Reish (d. 2002 ), an English filmmaker of Czech origin.
• 1929 - Peter Shcherbakov (d. 1992 ), theater and film actor, People's Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1932 - Elena Dobronravova (d. 1999 ), theater and film actress, Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1933 - John Gardner (d. 1982 ), American writer.
• 1934 - Eugene Veltistov (d. 1989 ), Soviet journalist, children's writer, science fiction (tales of Electronics, etc.).
• 1937 - Eduard Streltsov (d. 1990 ), Soviet football player, Olympic champion (1956).
• 1938 - Nani Bregvadze , Georgian singer, pianist, teacher, ex-soloist of VIA "Orera", People's Artist of the USSR.
• 1939 - Nina Drobysheva , theater and film actress, People's Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1946 - Lyudmila Zaitseva , theater and film actress, People's Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1948
  • Mikhail Zadornov (d. 2017 ), Soviet and Russian satirist, comedian, entertainer.
  • Kat Stevens , English singer of Greek-Swedish descent, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist.
• 1951 - Robin Williams (d. 2014 ), American actor, screenwriter, producer, stand-up comedian, Oscar winner and other awards.
• 1956 - Michael Connelly , American writer, author of detective novels.
• 1962 - Lee Aaron , Canadian jazz and rock singer.
• 1966 - Tatyana Lazareva , Russian actress, TV presenter, laureate of the TEFI Prize.
• 1969 - Abraham Russo ( real name Abraham Ijjan ), Russian pop singer.
• 1971
  • Charlotte Gainsbourg , Anglo-French actress, singer, songwriter.
  • Nonna Grishaeva , actress, TV presenter, singer, Honored Artist of Russia.
• 1974 - Dr. Alexandrov (real name Denis Alexandrov ), Russian musician.
• 1976 - Tatyana Lebedeva , Russian athlete, Olympic champion (2004), multiple world and European champion.
• 1977 - Ilya Noskov , Russian film and theater actor.
• 1978 - Josh Hartnett , American film actor (Pearl Harbor, Black Orchid, etc.).

21st Century

• 2002 - Rika Kihira , Japanese lonely skater, champion of the four continents in 2019.

See also: Category: July 21 dead

• 1425 - Manuel II Paleologue (b. 1350 ), Emperor of Byzantium .
• 1779 - Michael Adelbulner (b. 1702 ), German mathematician, physicist and astronomer.
• 1796 - Robert Burns (b. 1759 ), Scottish poet.
• 1824 - Buddha Loetla Nafalai (b. 1767 ), the second king of Thailand (1809-1824), from the Chakri dynasty .
• 1907 - Nicolae Grigorescu (b. 1838 ), the largest Romanian artist.
• 1944 - Klaus Schenk von Stauffenberg (b. 1907 ), Colonel of the Wehrmacht , who led the assassination of Adolf Hitler , was executed.
• 1948 - Arshile Gorky (b. 1904 ), American avant-garde painter.
• 1953 - Alexander Zelenko (b. 1871 ), Russian and Soviet architect, teacher.
• 1960 - Massimo Bontempelli (b. 1878 ), Italian writer, journalist, essayist and composer.
• 1966 - Sophia Preobrazhenskaya (b. 1904 ), Soviet opera singer ( mezzo-soprano ), teacher, people's artist of the USSR.
• 1967 - Basil Rathbone (b. 1892 ), American actor.
• 1968 - Ruth Saint-Denis (b. 1879 ), dancer, teacher, choreographer, “First Lady of American Dance”.
• 1970 - Mikhail Gerasimov (b. 1907 ), anthropologist-sculptor and archaeologist, author of the method of restoring a person's appearance from the shape of a skull.
• 1979 - Ludwig Rennes (b. 1889 ), German anti-fascist writer.
• 1985 - Alva Bessi (b. 1904 ), American writer, screenwriter.
• 1989 - Vladimir Efroimson (b. 1908 ), Soviet geneticist, dissident, human rights activist.
• 1995
  • Elleston Trevor (b. 1920 ), English writer.
  • Victor Barannikov (b. 1940 ), army general, last minister of internal affairs of the USSR.
• 1998 - Alan Shepard (b. 1923 ), American astronaut.
• 2004
  • Edward Lewis (b. 1918 ), American geneticist, Nobel laureate in physiology and medicine (1995).
  • Jerry Goldsmith (b. 1929 ), American composer and conductor, classic film music.
• 2006 - Ta Mok (b. 1926 ), the last commander of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia .
• 2010 - Luis Corvalan (b. 1916 ), Chilean politician, Secretary General of the Communist Party of Chile (1958-1989).
• 2011 - Casimir Sventek (b. 1914 ), Cardinal of the Catholic Church , the oldest active Catholic bishop of the world.
• 2012 - Andrzej Lapicki (b. 1924 ), Polish film and theater actor, theater director.
• 2015 - Edgar Lawrence Doctorow (b. 1931 ), American writer.

Zazhinki , Reaper, Reaper, Procopius, Kazan Summer .

• At Kazan - the beginning of harvesting rye .
• On a sharp scythe - a lot of haymaking .
• Kazanskaya came - black grudges-chertukhs went.
• Procopius is a reaper, a reaper, an ignition, a sheaf was knitted.
• Ripe acacia pods are a sign that the rye cornfield has ripened.
• Before the start of the rye harvest, the righteous Procopius was ordered prayers, after which there were public meals.
• Ripe blueberries .
• If blueberries ripen, then rye ripen ^[5] .
• Cherries are removed in the gardens .