July, 12

See also: Category: Holidays July 12

International

• World Flight Attendant Day.
• International Photographer's Day.

National

•   Australia - Aboriginal Day.
•   Denmark - Fjord Day.
•   Iran - Hijab and Chastity Day .
•   Kiribati - Independence Day .
•   Sao Tome and Principe - Independence Day .
•   Northern Ireland - Orange Day .

  Religious

  Catholicism

- memory of blessed Catherine Tanaki ;

- memory of Hermagor of Aquileia ;

- memory of the Apostle Jason of Tarsus ;

- memory of St. John of Gualbert ;

- memory of the Set and Felix ;

- memory of Viventiol of Lyons .

  Orthodoxy ^{[2] [3]}

- memory of the apostles Peter and Paul (67);

- memory of St. Gregory, Metropolitan of Heraclius (1925);

- memory of St. Paisius the Holy Mountaineer (1994);

- Celebration in honor of the Kaspersky Icon of the Mother of God (1853-1855).

Name Day

• Catholic: Catherine , Viventiol, Hermagor, Ivan , John , Set, Felix , Veronica.
• Orthodox: Gregory , Jonah, Neophyte, Paul , Parthenius , Peter .

See also: Category: July 12 events

Until the 19th century

• 1573 - The Spanish army, led by the Duke of Alba, captured the city of Haarlem after 7 months of siege.
• 1590 - the city of Saratov was founded.
• 1679 - English King Charles II issued an act guaranteeing the judicial rights of citizens.
• 1703 - in the center of the fortress of St. Petersburg on Hare Island a wooden church was laid in the name of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul . After 11 years, a stone cathedral was laid in its place, which was solemnly consecrated on July 9, 1733 .
• 1776 - James Cook set off from Plymouth on his last expedition.
• 1783 - Empress Catherine II issued a decree on the approval of the theater committee "for the management of spectacles and music." This began the history of the Mariinsky Theater in St. Petersburg .
• 1790 - The Constituent Assembly of France separated the Church of France from Rome and ranked the priests as civil servants.

XIX century

• 1804 - in St. Petersburg the world's first exclusively scientific balloon trip took place.
• 1806 - Napoleon created the Rhine Union of Germanic states.
• 1862 - The highest military award of the USA, the Medal of Honor, was established .
• 1889 - Alexander III signs a decree establishing the institute of zemstvo chiefs .

XX century

• 1901 - in the German Reichstag , an attempt to legally ban duel failed.
• 1908 - the first Slavic congress began in Prague .
• 1917 - during the First World War for the first time in the world the chemical warfare substance mustard was used .
• 1918 - Pablo Picasso and Olga Khokhlova were married in the city hall of the seventh Paris district, and then a wedding was held in the Russian church .
• 1920 - A peace treaty was signed between Lithuania and the RSFSR .
• 1922 - the largest sailing ship in the history of shipbuilding France II hit a reef .
• 1923 - a resolution was adopted by the Central Committee of the RCP (B) on the restoration of the mines of Donbass .
• 1928 - the crew of the Italy airship were rescued in the Arctic waters near Svalbard by the Soviet icebreaker Krasin .
• 1931 - a monument to the musketeer D'Artagnan was unveiled in France .
• 1933 - The US Congress introduced the minimum wage - a minimum wage of 33 cents per hour.
• 1943 - during the battle on the Kursk Bulge near the Prokhorovka railway station, a tank battle took place , one of the largest in world history.
• 1950 - Czechoslovakia passed a law according to which all persons who expressed dissatisfaction with the popular democratic system were to be placed in labor camps.
• 1959 - Visit of the Emperor of Ethiopia, Haile Selassie, to Moscow .
• 1962 - in one of the clubs in London, the Rolling Stones group gave its first concert .
• 1970 - the expedition of the Norwegian traveler-explorer Thor Heyerdahl on the Ra-2 papyrus boat after 57 days of sailing reached the shores of Barbados .
• 1988 - The Regional Council of Nagorno-Karabakh announced the withdrawal of the region from Azerbaijan .
• 1996 - The US Congress granted each state the right not to recognize same-sex marriage recognized in other states.
• 1998 - the football team of France for the first time became the world football champion , defeating the Brazilian national team 3-0 in the final. France won all the games at the 1998 World Cup and conceded only 5 goals (4 of which from the penalty spot).
• 1998 - Commemorative Grand Prix of Great Britain . Michael Schumacher won his first victory on the islands, during the race he was punished with a “stop & go” penalty for overtaking under the yellow flag. Stopping to serve a fine at the end of the last lap, he crossed the finish line to the pit lane, thereby winning the race. After this, such finishes were officially banned.

21st Century

• 2003
  • In California, a court ordered a Taiwanese caramel manufacturer to pay $ 50 million to the parents of a child who choked on candy and died from it.
  • CIA Director George Tenet claimed responsibility for including false Iraq data in President George W. Bush’s January address to Congress. He called the "mistake" the inclusion of untrue data on Iraq's attempts to acquire uranium in Africa .
• 2006 - an armed action by Hezbollah militants leads to the outbreak of the Israeli-Lebanese conflict .
• 2009 - The first woman to become President of Lithuania is Dalia Grybauskaite ^[4] .
• 2011 - Neptune completed its first full revolution around the Sun since the discovery of the planet in 1846 .
• 2013 - the first pastafarian community is officially registered in Russia.

See also: Category: Born on July 12

Until the 19th century

• 100 BC e. - Julius Caesar (d. 44 BC ), the ancient Roman statesman and politician, commander and writer.
• 1468 - Juan del Ensina (real name de Fermosellier ; d. 1529 ), Spanish poet, composer, founder of the Spanish drama of the Renaissance ("Action on the Fight", "Eklog about the Carnival").
• 1730 - Josiah Wedgwood (d. 1795 ), English ceramist.

XIX century

• 1808 - Gustav Jäger (d. 1871 ), German artist, master of historical painting, director of the Leipzig Academy of Arts ^[5] .
• 1812 - Mirza Fatali Akhundov (d. 1878 ), Azerbaijani writer, educator, philosopher.
• 1813 - Claude Bernard (d. 1878 ), French physiologist, founder of endocrinology .
• 1817 - Henry David Thoreau (d. 1862 ), American writer and transcendental thinker.
• 1821 - Daniel Harvey Hill (d. 1889 ), Confederate Army General during the US Civil War .
• 1824 - Eugene Boudin (d. 1898 ), French marine painter, forerunner of impressionism .
• 1854 - George Eastman (d. 1932 ), American inventor and businessman, the first manufacturer of the Kodak camera , which was refueled by our usual film.
• 1861 - Anton Arensky (d. 1906 ), Russian composer, pianist, conductor, teacher.
• 1868 - Stefan Gheorghe (d. 1933 ), German Symbolist poet (The Seventh Ring, The New Kingdom, etc.), translator.
• 1870 - Louis II (d. 1949 ), Prince of Monaco (1922-1949).
• 1876
  • Max Jacob (d. 1944 ), French writer and artist.
  • Sergei Utochkin (d. 1916 ), one of the first Russian aviators and test pilots.
• 1880 - Charles Albert Browning Jr. (better known as Tod Browning ; d. 1962 ), American filmmaker, actor and screenwriter, one of the founders of the horror movie genre .
• 1881 - Ludwig Rubiner (d. 1920 ), German poet, literary critic, essayist, representative of expressionism .
• 1884 - Amedeo Modigliani (d. 1920 ), Italian painter and sculptor.
• 1892 - Bruno Schulz (d. 1942 ), Polish writer and artist.
• 1894 - Isaac Babel (executed in 1940 ), Soviet writer, translator, screenwriter, playwright and journalist.
• 1894 - Yuri Zavadsky (d. 1977 ), actor, chief director of the Theater. Moscow City Council , People's Artist of the USSR.
• 1895 - Richard Buckminster Fuller (d. 1983 ), American architect, engineer, and inventor.

XX century

• 1902 - Gunter Anders (d. 1992 ), Austrian writer, philosopher, member of the global antiwar movement.
• 1904 - Pablo Neruda (d. 1973 ), Chilean poet, Nobel laureate (1971).
• 1908 - Alain Cuny (d. 1994 ), French and Italian film and theater actor.
• 1913
  • Willis Eugene Lamb (d. 2008 ), American physicist, Nobel laureate (1955).
  • Reynaud Helismaa (d. 1965 ), Finnish singer and songwriter.
• 1916 - Lyudmila Pavlichenko (d. 1974 ), the most successful female sniper in world history, Hero of the Soviet Union.
• 1917 - Andrew Newell Wyeth (d. 2009 ), American artist.
• 1924 - Neya Zorkaya (d. 2006 ), Soviet and Russian film expert, cultural expert, theater and film historian.
• 1928 - Elias Corey , American chemist, Nobel laureate (1990).
• 1930 - Guy Ligier (d. 2015 ), founder and leader of the French racing team Ligier .
• 1934 - Van Cliburn (d. 2013 ), American pianist, winner of the I International Competition. Tchaikovsky (1958).
• 1937 - William Cosby , American comedian, television host, winner of the Emmy , Golden Globe , and Grammy Awards .
• 1938
  • Eiko Isioka (d. 2012 ), Japanese designer, costume designer, winner of the Oscar .
  • Emil Renard-Kio , circus artist, illusionist, people's artist of the RSFSR.
• 1939 - Irakli Kvirikadze , Soviet and Georgian film director, screenwriter, writer.
• 1940 - Julia Belyanchikova (d. 2011 ), Soviet and Russian doctor, journalist, presenter of the telecast " Health ".
• 1943 - Christine McKee , British rock singer, songwriter, keyboard player, member of the Fleetwood Mac band.
• 1946 - Valentina Tolkunova (d. 2010 ), singer, People's Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1948 - Milton Beagle “Richard” Simmons , American fitness instructor, radio host, actor, dancer, singer, comedian, and producer.
• 1949 - Pavel Lungin , Soviet and Russian screenwriter and film director, People's Artist of Russia.
• 1950 - Eric Carr (d. 1991 ), American musician, drummer of the band " Kiss ".
• 1954 - Eric Adams , vocalist for the American heavy metal band Manowar .
• 1958 - Valery Kipelov , Soviet and Russian rock musician, singer, songwriter, soloist of the ensemble " Leysya, song ", groups "Aria" and "Kipelov" .
• 1960 - Eugene Dvorzhetsky (d. 1999 ), theater and film actor, Honored Artist of Russia.
• 1963 - Alexander Domogarov , Russian film and theater actor, People's Artist of the Russian Federation.
• 1967 - John Petrucci , American guitarist.
• 1973 - Christian Vieri , Italian footballer, striker.
• 1978 - Michelle Rodriguez , American actress and producer.
• 1985 - Emil Hegle Svendsen , Norwegian biathlete, 4-time Olympic champion, 12-time world champion.
• 1989 - Phoebe Tonkin , Australian actress and model.
• 1991 - James Rodriguez , Colombian footballer, attacking midfielder of the Spanish club Real Madrid, playing for the German club Bayern on loan, vice captain of the Colombian national team.

See also: Category: Dead on July 12

Until the 19th century

• 1536 - Erasmus of Rotterdam (b. 1469 ), Dutch philosopher.
• 1682 - Jean Picard (b. 1620 ), French astronomer, the first to accurately determine the size of the Earth .
• 1700 - executed by James Kelly , an English pirate.
• 1712 - Richard Cromwell (b. 1626 ), former Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland, son and successor of Oliver Cromwell .

XIX century

• 1804 - Alexander Hamilton (b. 1757 ), first US Treasury Secretary, founder of the US National Bank.
• 1814 - William Howe (b. 1729 ), English general, conqueror of Quebec , commander of British forces in the war against the North American colonies.
• 1845 - Henrik Arnold Vergeland (b. 1808 ), Norwegian writer and publicist.
• 1855 - Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov (b. 1802 ), Russian naval commander, admiral.
• 1888 - Eduard Alloux (b. 1820 ), French lawyer and politician.
• 1892 - Alexander Cartwright (b. 1820 ), American sportsman, creator of baseball rules.

XX century

• 1910 - Charles Rolls (b. 1877 ), English motorist, aviator, founder of Rolls-Royce.
• 1927 - Ivan Savin (b. 1899 ), Russian poet, writer, journalist, member of the White movement , emigrant.
• 1934 - Ol Evinrud (b. 1877 ), inventor of the outboard motor.
• 1935 - Alfred Dreyfus (b. 1859 ), French officer, hero of the famous process - the case of Dreyfus .
• 1949 - Douglas Hyde (b. 1860 ), the first president of Ireland .
• 1956 - Semyon Vladimirov (b. 1895 ), weapons designer, creator of the KPVT machine gun .
• 1965 - Mikhail Gabovich (b. 1905 ), ballet dancer, choreographer and teacher, people's artist of the RSFSR.
• 1967 - Friedrich Ermler (b. 1898 ), film director, People's Artist of the USSR.
• 1973 - Alexander Mosolov (b. 1900 ), composer (“Hero”, “Plotina”, “Signal”).
• 1974 - Georges Annenkov (real name Yuri Pavlovich Annenkov ; b. 1889 ), Russian and French artist and writer.
• 1979 - Georgy Beriev (b. 1903 ), Soviet aircraft designer.
• 1981 - Boris Polevoy (b. 1908 ), writer, editor-in-chief of the Youth magazine (1967-1981).
• 1982 - Kenneth More (born 1914 ), English film and theater actor.
• 1993
  • Mikhail Meerovich (b. 1920 ), composer, Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
  • Olga Volkova (b. 1943 ), graphic artist, poster artist, painter.
• 1994 - Paisius Svyatorets (b. 1924 ), Elder of Athos , one of the most respected spiritual luminaries of the Greek people
• 1998 - Arkady Ostashev (b. 1925 ), mechanical engineer, leading tester of rockets and space-rocket complexes, winner of the Lenin Prize.
• 2000 - Mikhail Druyan (b. 1911 ), Soviet and Russian animator.

21st Century

• 2014 - Valeria Novodvorskaya (b. 1950 ), Russian politician, dissident, human rights activist.
• 2015 - Sergey Artsibashev (b. 1951 ), theater director, theater and film actor, people's artist of Russia.
• 2017 - Tamara Miansarova (b. 1931 ), Soviet and Russian singer, People's Artist of the Russian Federation.

Peter's day . Peters and Pavels. Peter Paul. Petrok.

• Peter and Paul reduced the hour (erroneously about the length of daylight in comparison with the longest day of the year on June 22 ).
• Peter and Pavel came, ripped a leaf from a tree, August will come, two will fall.
• Peter-Paul added heat.
• The nights begin to darken.
• A leaf begins to fall from the trees ^[6] .
• Since Peter's Day, red summer, green mowing.
• From Petrov’s day, the zornitsa is brewing bread.
• If it rains on Petrovka, the haymaking will be wet and alive - like horsetail.
• On Peter's Day, rain is not a bad crop, two rains are good, and three are rich.
• Nightingale sings before Peter's day.
• Petrok will come - will tear off a leaf.
• Martyrs Euthymius. Afimya of the old woman.