Gesel (position in the Russian Empire)

The title "gesel" ( lat. Pharmacopoei Axiliarius ) was given to graduates of European higher education institutions who, after completing a university course, were not able to pass exams for a higher medical rank in terms of the amount of acquired knowledge, but the code of laws of the Russian Empire provided a procedure for their further professional growth . ^[2]

Together with doctors and doctors , their assistants came to Russia - gesels, of whom there were many. They began to fulfill certain duties under foreign medical doctors, they began to differ in belonging to a certain activity: pharmaceutical gesels and medicinal gesels (doctor's).

The regulation on the management of the Admiralty and the shipyard prescribed in the port hospital to find two gesels at each doctor.

After the establishment of the Medical Boards in the Russian Empire in 1797, the title of gesel could be obtained (since 1799 ) only by passing an appropriate examination in units of the Medical Board for Pharmacy and Practical Chemistry (in the laboratory of a local university or other medical institution). Required was the knowledge (except Russian and Latin ) of German or French .

December 18, 1845, it was established by the rules that pharmacist students pass exams for the title of Gesel in local universities and other higher educational institutions of a medical profile. The student should have known:

• Pharmaceutical Charter.
• Translations of texts on pharmacopeia .
• Latin and other languages ​​to easily read the prescriptions and prescriptions of doctors and doctors.
• How to determine the appearance of pharmaceutical materials.
• How to recognize and describe toxic substances .
• Doses of medicines .
• How to prepare medicine.

Gesels could enter medical schools without examinations. Gesels, trained at public expense, could leave their position and change their profession only after leaving Russia.

Gesels who served in state-owned pharmacies had the right to personal honorary citizenship. According to the highest approved Regulation on the classes of doctors, veterinarians and pharmacists, the gesells belonged to the XIV class.

In 1838, medical assistant schools were established in the Russian Empire, which began to graduate specialists who held lower medical posts in both civilian and military service . Paramedics almost completely coincided in their purpose, functions and social status with gesels, and the latter were gradually replaced during the 19th century by a new rank.

From September 20, 1789, according to the Pharmaceutical Charter, a test subject could be accepted to the post of gesel only after the approval of the Commission of the Medical College or personally as a staff physicist .

Duties of the assistant doctor:

• Duty at the hospital according to the schedule established by the chief physician.
• Performing medical procedures as prescribed by a doctor.

According to the charter, one or two gesels could be assigned to a pharmacy . In small administrative points, Gesels could independently manage a pharmacy for 25 years.

Duties of the assistant pharmacist :

• Reading prescriptions and dispensing drugs
• Help in the manufacture of drugs .

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