HMS Albion (Ship of His Majesty the "Albion") - 74-gun battleship of the third rank . The Royal Navy's third ship, named HMS Albion , in honor of Albion , the ancient name of England. The second battleship of the Fame type . He belonged to the so-called "ordinary 74-gun ships", carrying 18-pound guns on the upper gun deck. Laid down in June 1800 . Launched on June 17, 1802 at Perry's private shipyard in Blackwall [1] . He took part in many naval battles of the period of the Napoleonic Wars , the Anglo-American War , as well as in later operations.
| Hms albion | |
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| Hms albion | |
 Albion during the battle of Navarino | |
| Service | |
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| Class and type of vessel | battleship 3 ranks type Fame |
| Type of sailing weapon | Three mast ship |
| Organization |  Royal fleet |
| Manufacturer | Perry, Blackwall |
| Construction started | June 1800 |
| Launched | June 17, 1802 |
| Withdrawn from the fleet | disassembled, 1836 |
| Main characteristics | |
| Displacement | 1743 tons ( BM ) |
| Gondek length | 175 ft (53 m) |
| Midship Width | 47 ft 6 in (14.5 m) |
| Depth of intrum | 20 ft 6 in (6.25 m) |
| Engines | Sail |
| Armament | |
| Total number of guns | 74 |
| Gundeck Guns | 28 × 32 pound guns |
| Guns on the operdek | 28 × 18 fnl. guns |
| Guns on the Trench | 14 × 9 fnl. guns |
| Guns on the tank | 4 × 9 fnl. guns |
Service
In May 1803, Albion , under the command of Captain John Ferrier, joined the fleet of Admiral Cornwallis, who blocked the important French seaport of Brest . On May 28, 1803, Albion and Thunderer captured the 36-gun French frigate Franchise . Franchise left Port-au-Prince 33 days ago, and was armed with 36 guns, ten of which were in the hold. On board was a team of 187 people under the command of Captain Jurien [2] .
In the summer of 1803, Albion was sent to the Indian Ocean , where it remained until 1809. December 21, 1803 off the east coast of Sumatra, Albion and Scepter captured the French 12-gun ship Clarisse , with a crew of 157 people. In 1809, Albion returned to England, escorting a merchant convoy of nine East Indian ships . The storm, which began on November 20, dispersed the fleet, as a result of which three merchant ships disappeared without a trace: Lord Nelson, Glory and Experiment [3] .
Upon arrival in England, the ship was sent to the Chatham dock for overhaul, which lasted until January 1813, after which the ship was re-commissioned under the command of Captain John Ferris Devonshire, and sent for service at Halifax station. During the very harsh winter of 1814, with a frigate and a sloop under his command, he captured several American ships in the shallows of Nantucket [4] .
In the summer of 1814, Albion became the flagship of Rear Admiral George Coburn in the Chesapeake Bay . In September 1814, a detachment of sailors and marines from a ship took part in an attack on the city of Baltimore . On September 15, the British army defeated American troops in front of the city, however, believing that the assault on the city itself would lead to too heavy losses, the British returned. In the battle, Albion lost three people dead and another 9 were injured [4] .
Albion then cruised off the coast of Georgia when Captain Ross sailed up the St. Mary River with several armed boats to capture or destroy any ships found there. They blew up a fortress on Petra Hill, which was equipped with six 24-pound and two brass 6-pound guns, and recaptured the East Indian ship Countess of Harcourt , which had previously been captured by American privateers. He was loaded with goods captured on the St. Mary's River, and sent to Bermuda [4] .
At the end of July 1816, Albion , under the command of Captain John Kuda, sailed from Plymouth as part of the combined Anglo-Dutch fleet to bombard Algeria on August 27. The purpose of the bombing was to force the ruler of Algeria to free all Christian slaves and stop the slave trade. Although the British squadron was heavily damaged during the shelling of the city, the goal of the bombing was achieved - Algerians freed about 3,000 slaves and signed an agreement to end the European slave trade. During the bombing of the city, Albion received minor injuries and lost 3 people killed and 15 wounded [5] . For this operation in 1848 the Admiralty issued a medal with a buckle "Algeria", which was awarded to all surviving participants in this battle [4] .
On October 20, 1827, Albion , under the command of Captain John Ommanni, as part of the combined Anglo-French-Russian fleet under the command of Admiral Codrington, took part in the Battle of Navarino , in which the Turkish fleet suffered a crushing defeat. Albion was the third ship in the line after Asia and Genoa , and before opening fire, came under fire from one 74-gun and two 64-gun Turkish ships. At the very beginning of the battle, Albion did not have time to anchor in time and was carried too far into the bay, where he mated with the Turkish frigate. After giving him several airborne volleys, he forced the frigate to capitulate, and, freeing himself, moved to help other ships. However, he soon fell under the fire of three Turkish battleships at once, was seriously damaged, and if not for the French Breslau , who came to his aid, the ship would most likely be captured or destroyed. In the battle, Albion suffered heavy losses, having lost 10 people killed and 50 wounded [6] .
Taking part in the battle of Navarino, Albion returned to England on February 2, 1828, after which he was sent to the reserve in Portsmouth . In 1831, he was converted into a blockchain and continued to serve as a quarantine ship. He remained in this capacity until 1836, when it was decided to send the ship for scrap [1] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 B. Lavery. The Ship of the Line - Volume 1. - P. 185.
- ↑ No. 15590, p. 671 (English) // London Gazette : Newspaper. - L .. - Iss. 15590 . - No. 15590 . - P. 671 . - ISSN 0374-3721 .
- ↑ Index of Naval Vessels
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Ships of the Old Navy
- ↑ James, 1837 , Vol. 6, p. 406.
- ↑ James, 1837 , Vol. 6, p. 484.
Literature
- Lavery, B. The Ship of the Line. The development of the battlefleet 1650-1850. - Conway Maritime Press, 2003. - Vol. I. - ISBN 0-85177-252-8 .
- Rif Winfield. = British Warships in the Age of Sail, 1793-1817. - 2nd edition. - Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing, 2008 .-- ISBN 978-1-84415-717-4 .
- William James The Naval History of Great Britain, from the Declaration of War by France in 1793, to the Accession of George IV. - R. Bentley, 1837. - ISBN 0-85177-906-9 .
Links
- HMS Albion // Index of 19th Century Naval Vessels and a few of their movements
- HMS Albion // Ships of the Old Navy