Panetnos is a political term, neologism, used mainly in Western sources to denote a meta- ethnic community uniting several independent ethnic groups . Geographic, linguistic, religious, or “racial” similarities, individually or in combination, are often used to denote pan-ethnic boundaries. This concept should be distinguished from “ pan-nationalism ”, which similarly groups related ethnic groups, but in the context of either ethnic nationalism (for example, pan-Arabism , pan- Celtism , pan-Germanism , panirism , pan- Slavism ) or civic nationalism (for example pan-Africanism ).
The term first appeared in the United States in the 1990s in anti-colonial / national liberation movements as a substitute for the concept of " race "; for example, Asian Americans are identified as a panetnos, they belong to different unrelated ethnic groups in Asia, but are uniquely defined as a separate group in the North American community.
Often, within a panetnos, groups of people of different nationalities come together, very different from each other. Association in panetnos is made phenotypically , on the basis of a common language, culture or religion. [1] More recently, the term has also been used outside the context of multiculturalism in US society - as a general replacement for terms such as an ethnolinguistic group or a racial group.
USA
The pan-ethnicity allowed Asian Americans to unite on the basis of similar historical relations with the United States, such as the US military presence in their home country. An Asian-American pan-ethnic identity has become a means of bringing together groups of immigrants, such as Asian Americans, to strengthen political numbers. Panetical labels are often, though not always, created and used by outsiders of the group that is defined as panetnical. Major institutions and political policies often play a large role in labeling panetics. They often adopt policies for specific groups of people, and panetics are one way to group large numbers of people.
Public policy can allocate resources or enter into transactions with several groups, considering them as one large organization. [2] In the case of “Latinos,” their pan-ethnic classification applies regardless of country of origin (eg, Mexican, Peruvian, Argentinean, Dominican, Spanish, etc.) or racial origin (white, mestizo, mulatto, black, American Indian). Similarly, disparate populations from East Asia and South Asia often indiscriminately mix under the broader Asian-American designation.
Notes
- ↑ Do Hispanic and Asian Adolescents Practice Panethnicity in Friendship Choices? // Social Science Quarterly . - 2006.
- ↑ DG Okamoto. Institutional Panethnicity: Boundary Formation in Asian-American Organizing // Social Forces. - 2006-09-01. - T. 85 , no. 1 . - S. 1–25 . - ISSN 1534-7605 0037-7732, 1534-7605 . - DOI : 10.1353 / sof.2006.0136 .
See also
- Ethnic language community