Sukhorukov, Anatoly Petrovich

Born in Moscow, the family lived on Bolshaya Kaluzhskaya street .

In 1943–1950, he studied at secondary school No. 16, Moscow. Upon completion of school awarded a meritorious certificate .

From 1951 to 1955 - a student at the Moscow Aviation Instrument Engineering College. S. Ordzhonikidze . Following the results of training, entered in 5% of the best students of graduation.

He graduated with honors from the Department of Physics of Oscillations, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University in 1961 . He returned to this department in 1963, having entered graduate school after three years of work as a junior researcher at the Institute of Electronic Control Machines of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR .

In 1967 he defended his thesis "Diffraction beams in nonlinear media" under the guidance of Academician R. V. Khokhlov . In 1974 he received a diploma of doctor of physical and mathematical sciences. The topic of his doctoral dissertation: "Wave beams and pulses in nonlinear media" ^[1] . In 1977 he was awarded the title of professor in the department of wave processes.

From 1966 he was a member of the Physics Department, first as a senior engineer, then as an assistant, as a senior lecturer, assistant professor and professor (since 1976 ). In 1984 - 89 he was appointed Head of the Department of Radiophysics and Electronics. In 1989 - 92 he was the dean of the Faculty of Physics ^[2] . From 1988 to 2014 he headed the department of photonics and physics of microwaves ^{[3] [4]} (the former name until 2008 - the department of radiophysics) ^[5] .

A branch of the photonics department was established at the Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics named after V. A. Kotelnikov of the Russian Academy of Sciences , and together with the Institute of General Physics named after A. M. Prokhorov of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Fiber Optics Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Optoelectronics was organized at Moscow State University. Experimental training of highly qualified specialists in nanotechnology, fiber lasers, terahertz spectroscopy is carried out in these divisions, theses and PhD theses are performed.

A.P. Sukhorukov headed the Dissertation Council at Moscow State University on optics, acoustics, radiophysics, was a member of the Council at IPO RAS, the Scientific Councils of the Physics Faculty of Moscow State University, he worked in program committees of several All-Russian and International conferences, in the editorial boards of a number of famous scientific journals; performed the expertise of projects on state scientific and technical programs.

He made a fundamental contribution to the development of the theory of waves and nonlinear interactions in optics , radiophysics and acoustics . Among many achievements, further results are noted that the scientist himself considered the most important and had a significant impact on the development of subsequent research ^{[6] [7]} .

A vast circle of research scientist was devoted to the self-focusing of wave beams in media with different mechanisms of nonlinearity ^[8] . Having carried out a hydrodynamic analogy, he first obtained a series of exact analytical solutions describing the course of rays in nonlinear media. At the same time, he developed a universal method of aberration-free description of self-focusing, which has found wide application in the scientific literature. This made it possible to determine the finite lifetime of a nonlinear waveguide during self-focusing in a relaxation medium.

In works on the nonlinear optics of nematic liquid crystals, he was the first to establish the aberration nature of the ring structure of a self-focused laser beam observed in experiments. Together with colleagues from FIAN, he discovered and described a second-order phase transition in a limited region of irradiation of nematic liquid crystals, ^[9] identified the mechanism of self-oscillations of the director of nematic liquid crystals in a continuous light field. ^[ten]

Another very important area of ​​research of A. P. Sukhorukov concerned nonlinear optics of the atmosphere. Here, for the first time, he investigated a number of regularities of the propagation of high-power laser beams through a transparent and cloudy medium. He predicted the phenomenon of self-defamation (self-deflection) of the trajectory of a light beam in a moving medium or during its scanning; revealed the main properties of thermal defocusing with regard to free convection . He belongs to the cycle of pioneering work on nonlinear adaptive optics .

He developed a surprisingly simple theory of the laser enlightenment of a cloudy environment based on the introduction of water content, which varies with the laser-induced evaporation of liquid aerosols . Virtually all subsequent work by other authors followed this presentation. Later, the idea of ​​induced atmospheric enlightenment was transferred by A. P. Sukhorukov and his students to laser photolysis of ozone. This led to the development of two new directions: nonlinear optics of the ozonosphere and laser photochemistry of ozone and, in general, low-atomic molecules. In particular, he first studied the possibilities of laser enlightenment of the ozone layer.

The third group of works by A. P. Sukhorukov is devoted to the study of three-frequency interactions of wave beams and packets, taking into account diffraction and dispersion . The theory he developed made it possible to understand the phenomenon of diffraction incoherence , to reveal the diffraction limit of the efficiency of powerful frequency frequency doublers, to formulate the principle of optimal focusing, which is the basis of modern technology for highly efficient conversion of laser radiation frequency.

He was one of the first to develop a theory of parametric interaction and stimulated scattering of short pulses , taking into account the mismatch of group velocities . He first considered the generation of a giant parametric pulse, which had an amplitude greater than that of the pump wave, and a femtosecond duration. This effect is used in the technique of forming ultrashort optical pulses to this day. In 1974, AP Sukhorukov discovered a new mechanism for the localization of wave beams and pulses in quadratic nonlinear media and predicted the existence of parametric solitons, which are often called quadratic in nonlinearity type of medium. ^{[11] [12]}

A.P. Sukhorukov stands at the origins of nonlinear acoustics of wave beams. He first began to develop the theory of diffraction of narrow beams in non-dispersive media and applied it to the description of parametric acoustic antennas . Of great practical importance are his works on nonlinear acoustics of stratified media in the presence of wind. He found exact analytical solutions of the equations of high-frequency acoustics with an arbitrary assignment of the phase and amplitude distribution at the boundary of the sound source.

AP Sukhorukov was constantly working on the training of highly qualified physicists ^[13] . He was one of the leading lecturers in the physics department of Moscow State University. He created and successfully read for nearly 40 years the annual general course "Theory of Waves" ^{[14] [15]} . A textbook written with his main participation in this course, which has survived in two editions, ^[16] became a reference book for students, graduate students and researchers.

The scientific school, created by A. P. Sukhorukov on the topic “Physics of wave interactions in inhomogeneous and nonlinear media”, develops the traditions established by Moscow University academician R. V. Khokhlov . Among the pupils of A. P. Sukhorukov there are more than 80 graduates of the Faculty of Physics of Moscow State University, 36 candidates and 8 doctors of science. Together with colleagues and students successfully completed numerous research grants and projects ^{[17] [18]} .

The annual All-Russian wave phenomenon seminars for young scientists, which were initially held under his leadership in 1995–2014, continue to play a large role in the training of highly qualified scientific personnel. ^{[19] [20]} Also, from 2002 to 2013, Anatoly Petrovich was the permanent chairman of the Program Committee of International Youth Scientific Schools "Coherent Optics and Optical Spectroscopy" ^[21] , held annually in Kazan , as well as international scientific schools "Science and Innovations" annually held near the city of Yoshkar-Ola .

A. P. Sukhorukov published more than 400 scientific articles and a number of books ^{[22] [23] [24]} , including two monographs:

• A.P. Sukhorukov . Nonlinear wave interactions in optics and radiophysics . - Moscow: Science , 1988. - 230 p. - ISBN 5-02-013842-8 . Archived April 13, 2014.
• Yu. N. Karamzin , A. P. Sukhorukov , V. A. Trofimov . Mathematical modeling in nonlinear optics . - Publishing House of Moscow State University , 1989. - 153 p. - ISBN 5-211-00336-5 . Archived April 13, 2014.

and two tutorials:

• M. B. Vinogradova , O. V. Rudenko , A. P. Sukhorukov . Theory of waves: a textbook for physical specialties of universities . - 2nd edition, revised and enlarged. - Moscow: Science , 1990. - 432 p. - ISBN 5-02-014050-3 . Archived April 13, 2014. ^[25]
• Yu. K. Alekseev , A. P. Sukhorukov . Introduction to the theory of catastrophes: a textbook for university students enrolled in the areas of "Physics", "Applied Mathematics" and the specialty "Physics" . - 2nd edition, supplemented. - URSS , 2009. - 171 p. - ISBN 978-5-397-00237-0 . Archived April 13, 2014. ^[26]

• Badge of honor “225 years of MSU” (1980)
• State Prize of the USSR in the field of science and technology (1984) - for the series of works "Highly efficient nonlinear frequency conversion in crystals and the creation of tunable sources of coherent optical radiation" (1963-1982)
• Lenin Prize in the field of science and technology (1988) - for the discovery and study of the effects of wave beam self-focusing
• Medal "Veteran of Labor" (1988)
• Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation (1996) ^[27]
• Medal "In memory of the 850th anniversary of Moscow" (1997)
• Distinguished Professor of Moscow State University (2003) ^[28]
• Badge of honor "250 years of MSU" (2004) ^[29]
• The MV Lomonosov Prize of Moscow State University for scientific activities of the II degree (2006) - for the series of works “Nonlinear wave phenomena in layered structures, media with space-time dispersion and their applications in photonics” ^{[30] [31]}
• Order of Friendship (2013) - for merits in the field of education and many years of fruitful work ^[32]

A. P. Sukhorukov actively participated in public life at the university, domestic and international levels. From the student's bench he was a member of the governing bodies of various societies. For many years he was elected to the USSR Drafts Federation, first deputy chairman of the Federation (1980–1984), and then chairman of the Federation (1984–1991). In 1986-1991 he worked as vice-president of the World Drafts Federation , represented the Federation in the USSR-Netherlands Friendship Society. .

• An article on the site "Chronicle of Moscow University"
• Scientific work in the system of truth MSU