Tikhomirov, Dmitry Ivanovich

Born in the family of the rural priest of the Kostroma province Ivan Egorovich Tikhomirov, who sent his eldest son Dmitry ^[1] to study at the Kostroma Theological College . In 1854-1858 he studied at a religious school; then, for two years, on a public account, at the Yaroslavl military school. As the best student, Dmitry Tikhomirov was sent to study at the newly established teacher training courses in St. Petersburg, and two years later - to Moscow, to the military training seminary ^[2] . The first graduation from the seminary took place in August 1866 and D. I. Tikhomirov, receiving a monetary award as the first student, was left as a teacher at the “exemplary school” at the seminary and taught in it for about ten years.

Soon, along with his comrades, Tikhomirov opened the first Sunday evening school for adult workers in Russia at the factory of F. S. Mikhailov ^[3] in Moscow. He began to give lessons in Russian at the military gymnasium and in the 2nd classical gymnasium ; As a member of the literacy committee, he led pedagogical courses in the Russian language for teachers of urban schools. In the autumn of 1869, he became acquainted with a student of the courses, Elena Nikolaevna Nemchinova, who in April 1871 became his wife. In March 1870 he was elected a full member of the Moscow Literacy Committee . In the Vladimir and Tver provinces, he inspected two factory Morozov schools . Repeatedly, in the years 1870-1900, at the invitation of the zemstvos, he headed teacher congresses and summer teacher courses in various provinces (in Moscow, Tver, Vyatka, Saratov, Poltava, and others); consisted of an observer of the educational unit at the institutions of Ladies Guardianship of the Poor.

Together with his wife, he organized the "Primary Schools Training Store", in which about a thousand were published

titles of books with a total circulation of more than 15 million copies. In 1872, Tikhomirov co-authored with his wife published the Primer for Public Schools, which until 1915 was reprinted 161 times. Of his funds received for publishing books, Tikhomirov allocated 20 thousand rubles in 1909 for the construction of the school and 35 thousand for the construction of a hospital in the native village of Rozhdestveno.

Since 1872, he began to give lectures on the methodology of the Russian language in pedagogical courses at the Society of Educators and Teachers. These courses, led by Tikhomirov, have grown into a multidisciplinary educational institution that trained elementary school teachers, subject teachers, and kindergarten leaders. He donated 200 thousand rubles to the construction of the building of courses in Moscow, later called "Tikhomirovsky". On behalf of the Moscow City Duma, in 1874 he developed a detailed Russian language lesson plan for city schools and in 1875 published a separate book under the title “Experience in the plan and summary of elementary lessons in the native language”.

In 1874, the Council of the Moscow Charitable Society invited Tikhomirov to be the organizer, and then the inspector of his schools. On January 1, 1892 he was granted the rank of full state adviser ^[4] .

He was published in various newspapers and magazines: “Appendix to the Circulars of the Moscow School District,” ed. Gayarina; “Pedagogical collection”; "Magazine for military schools"; "Women's business"; "Courier"; "Education" Sipovsky; "Spring" Sysoeva; “ Russian Word ”, “ Russian Bulletin ”, “ Folk School ” by Mednikov, “ Russian Thought ”, “Family and School” Simashko; " St. Petersburg Gazette "; "The reading room of the public school"; “School and thought”, etc., publishing in them both general and specifically pedagogical articles. ^[5] In 1894, he began editing the oldest children's magazine, Children's Reading, acquired together with E. I. Tikhomirova (publisher of the magazine), renamed in 1906 as “Young Russia”. The best works published in this journal were published in separate books under the general title "Library of children's reading." An appendix to the magazine was “A Pedagogical Leaflet: A Journal of Parents and Carers” (4 books a year); since 1899, the “Pedagogical Leaflet” was published as an independent journal - 8 books annually. Tikhomirov undertook the publication of a series of books under the general title "Library of the Primary Teacher", intended for self-education of teachers.

The owner of the apartment building on Bolshaya Molchanovka , No. 18 in Moscow.

In 1902, together with his wife, he founded and financed the Society for the Care of Children of Public Teachers and Teachers . He took part in the work of the Moscow Pedagogical Society and other public organizations related to educational activities. In 1901 and 1905 he was elected the vowel of the Moscow City Duma ^[6] . He was also the vowel of the Nizhny Novgorod provincial and Makaryevsky district zemstvos.

He was awarded domestic and foreign awards for literary and pedagogical work: gold medals from the St. Petersburg (1888) and Moscow Literacy Committee, a gold medal from the World Exhibition in Paris (1900), a gold medal from the International Exhibition "Children's World" in St. Petersburg ( 1904), an honorary diploma from the International Exhibition in Paris (1904), a gold medal in Liege (1905). ^[7]

Actively participated in the following companies:

• Society of Russian Literature Lovers (1901);
• Moscow Literacy Committee;
• Moscow Commission for the Organization of Public Readings;
• Training department of the Moscow branch of the Imperial Russian Technical Society;
• Society of educators and teachers, where for 20 years was a secretary;
• Pedagogical Society at the Imperial Moscow University;
• The Society for the Care of Children of Public Teachers, founded by him in 1902 with E. I. Tikhomirova;
• Society of People's Universities and the secondary school section attached to it;
• Society for the Delivery of Funds for Pedagogical Women's Courses (chairman - since its foundation in 1909); Society for Writers and Journalists

Awarded the following orders: St. Stanislav 1st degree (1900) ^[8] , St. Anne 2nd degree (1885), St. Vladimir 3rd degree (1896) ^[4] .

He died at the cottage "Red Hill" in Alushta in the Professor’s Corner . He was buried in Moscow in the necropolis of the Novodevichy Convent ; the grave was destroyed in the 1930s .

• The alphabet of spelling. Part [1] —2. A collection of examples and articles on the most important spelling rules for dictation and cheating. - 2nd ed., Rev. and add. - Moscow. - 1873. - Edition of the Silaev brothers. - 95 p. ^[9]
• Primer for co-teaching reading and writing. - M., 1873 ( 145th edition: M., 1902. )
• A primer for students in co-teaching reading and writing. - M., 1873. (23rd ed. Under the title "How to teach writing, reading and counting at the first stage of training . " - M., 1909.)
• Elementary grammar course. For urban and rural schools. - M., 1873.
• The experience of the plan and compendium of elementary classes in the Russian language. - M., 1874. ( 15th edition: M., 1915. )
• The beginnings of grammar. A guide for elementary rural schools and other elementary schools. - M., 1885.
• What and how to learn in the lessons of the native language in elementary school. - M., 1887. ( 15th edition: M., 1914. )
• From the history of our kingdom in short stories. Parts 1-21. - SPb., 1891-1892.
• From the history of the native land. Essays and stories for schools and people. Part 1 ^[10] —2. - M., 1893.
• "Selected Fables of I. A. Krylov for Schools and the People." - Moscow, type. M.G. Volchaninova, 1895.
• Life and works of Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky: reading for schools and people: with portr. in text / comp. Dm Willow Tikhomirov. - Moscow: ed. journal “Children's reading” and “Pedagogical leaflet.” - 55 pp., Ill. - (Library for family and school). - M., 1902.
• ... On the life of Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol and his immortal works: from portr. N.V. Gogol, fax. and his fig .: Reading for schools and people / Comp. D.I. Tikhomirov. - Moscow: Tipo. A.V. Vasiliev and Co. °, 1902. - 62, [1] p .: ill., Portr. ; 22 see. - (Library of "Children's Reading". - M., 1902.
• Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov. Reading for schools and people. - M., 1903.
• On the reform of the theological school / D. I. Tikhomirov. - St. Petersburg: Tipolithography of V.V. Komarov, 1905. - 85 p.
• The sovereign leader of the Russian land, Emperor Peter the Great: a historical sketch for the family and school: compiled by Ustryalov, Soloviev, Brikner, Klyuchevsky and a friend. D.I. Tikhomirov. - Moscow: Ed. journal "Children's reading" and "Pedagogical leaflet", 1905. - [2], 333 pp. Ill., Portr.
• How to teach writing, reading and counting at the first stage of training ?: A Public Guide for Primers. - Ed. 23rd - M .: Ed. journal "Young Russia" and "Ped. leaflet ", 1909. - 126 p.
• Modern tasks of elementary school . - M., 1911.
• Pedagogical notes / D.I. Tikhomirov. - St. Petersburg: Synod. typ., 1911. - 120 s.

The textbooks of D.I. Tikhomirov for primary schools were awarded at both Russian and world exhibitions: gold medals in Paris (1900) and Liège (1905) .

• Seropolko S.O. Dmitry Ivanovich Tikhomirov . - M., 1915.
• Vezhlev A. M. Outstanding Russian teacher D.I. Tikhomirov . - Orenburg, 1962.
• Tikhomirov, Dmitry Ivanovich (teacher) // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Tikhomirov Dmitry Ivanovich // Russian Pedagogical Encyclopedia. - M: "Big Russian Encyclopedia", 1993.

• Biography
• Biography
• Portrait of D. I. Tikhomirov with the Order of St. Stanislav 1st Class