Daniil ( Danilo ) Afanasevich Masalsky (1739-1832) - a Russian shipbuilder of the late 18th - early 19th centuries, a ship foreman of a colonel rank, built more than 30 ships of various ranks and classes for the Russian Imperial Navy , the first in Russia to use metal cladding for the underwater part of the ship's hull , a valid state adviser .
| Daniil Afanasevich Masalsky | ||
|---|---|---|
| Date of Birth | December 18, 1739 | |
| Date of death | November 13, 1832 (92 years old) | |
| Affiliation |  Russian empire | |
| Type of army |  Fleet | |
| Rank | Colonel- class ship master | |
| Battles / wars | Seven year war | |
| Awards and prizes |
| |
Content
Biography
Origin
Daniil Afanasevich Masalsky (Danilo Masalsky [1] , Mosalsky [2] ) was born on December 18, 1739 . Came from the old princely family Masalsky . His father, Vladislav Afanasy, a descendant of Prince Vladimir Yuryevich, moved at the beginning of the 18th century from the Principality of Lithuania to Russia. This branch of the princes of Mosalsky lost the princely title. In 1862, the princely title was returned to the descendants of D. A. Masalsky [2] .
The early years
In 1760, Daniel entered the Naval Cadet Corps . He participated in the Seven Years War , in 1761-1762 he was in two military companies on the siege of Kolberg . In 1763, at his own request, was transferred to the ship's apprentices. In 1773 he was promoted to ship apprentice with the rank of ensign . In 1775-1777 he was in the Olonets province during the harvesting of ship timber for the construction of Prams . In 1778 he was granted the assignment . Until 1779 he served as a foreman in the port of Kronstadt . From 1779 to 1783 he was sent to England to improve knowledge on shipbuilding. After returning from a business trip, he was promoted to captain and continued his service at the shipyards of Kronstadt and St. Petersburg . For the first time in Russian practice, it successfully made an experiment on the metal sheathing of the underwater part of the hull [3] [4] .
Ship Master
In 1785 he was promoted to shipwright foreman of major rank [3] . September 6, 1785 in the St. Petersburg Admiralty laid the 100 cannon battleship "Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir", which launched on August 2, 1788 [5] . In the years 1786-1789, in the same admiralty, he built 38-gun Vestnik, Flying, Swan, Cormorant, and 20-gun Krechet and Hawk small sailing single-masted military boats [6] . Since 1777, Katasanov was in Kronstadt , was engaged in repairing old ships. July 9, 1778 laid at the shipyard in Kronstadt, designed with A. S. Katasanov 66-gun battleship "Victorious" [3] . In December 1787, according to an imperial decree at the Galley Shipyard, D. A. Masalsky began construction of a rowing boat equipped with “heavy artillery”, a special building, based on the experience of Swedish shipbuilders, of a 30-gun Shebek ship “Flying”, the design of which was another 10 years back ship master A. S. Katasanov, after learning the secrets of foreign shipbuilding during his trip to Sweden [7] . D. Masalsky built only eight cones of special construction and the 18-gun bombardment ship Pobeditel (launched on May 20, 1788) at the Galernaya shipyard [8] . Also, in 1788, he developed a project for armored floating rafts, according to which, after Masalsky’s death, at the end of 1854 the ship engineer A. Ya. Gesekhus made a drawing, and colonel engineer S. I. Chernyavsky built the first instance of such an armored raft raft [9 ] . In 1790, for the construction of state-owned vessels at the city shipyard, including 70 gunboats, he was promoted to naval master of the colonel's rank [3] .
From 1790 to 1796, he built fourteen 38-gun Alexander type frigates at the shipyards of Kronstadt and St. Petersburg. Built and frigated at the Kronstadt shipyard and on April 23, 1790 launched frigates: “Alexander”, “Alexandra”, “Catherine”, “Elena” (together with the ship master I. Kutygin ), “Konstantin”, “Maria”, “Nikolay” , "Paul" [10] . In the St. Petersburg Admiralty he built frigates: “Alexander” (launched on 10.10.1792), “Catherine” (launched on 10.17.1792), “Elizabeth” and “Maria” (launched on August 25, 1794), “Konstantin” and “Nikolai” ( launched on October 9, 1796) [11] , the striking ship “Thundering” [12] .
In 1792, D. A. Masalsky, together with shipbuilder V. A. Sarychev, developed the drawings of two 8-gun brigs “ Kotka ” and “Kutsal Mullim”, built in the St. Petersburg Admiralty in 1793-1794 [13] .
In 1792, D. A. Masalsky was bestowed on the hereditary nobility for personal merits, in 1794 he was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th class [3] . September 11, 1795 in the St. Petersburg Admiralty laid the 74-gun ship, but which was not completed and was dismantled in 1798. January 1, 1796 D.A. Masalsky was granted the rank of colonel. On October 16, 1798, he was dismissed from service with an award of rank and with a pensioner [3] .
In 1798-1800, at the Kherson shipyard according to the project of A. S. Katasanov, drawings by D. A. Masalsky and V. A Sarychev, 74-gun battleships were built: “ Tolskaya Virgin ” (builder I. I. Tarusov), “ Maria Magdalen Second "(builder V. I. Potapov)," St. Paraskeva "(builder M. I. Surovtsov ) [3] .
October 15, 1800 became a member of the Commerce College . In 1811 he was promoted to the rank of State Councilor [3] . Masalsky owned the estate in the village of Pavlovskoye of Suzdal (since 1778 - Kovrovsky ) county [14] .
Family
From marriage to Maria Efimovna Pozharskaya (1754-1827) had 17 children; their grandson was Prince Nikolai Masalsky [15] .
Death
Daniil Afanasevich Masalsky died on November 13, 1832 [14] and was buried in the Smolensk cemetery in St. Petersburg [16] .
Notes
- ↑ Masalskoi Danilo Afanasevich // Alphabetical Index of the Names of Russian Figures for the Russian Biographical Dictionary : Part Two. M - F / Ed. under the supervision of the Secretary of the Imperial Russian Historical Society G.F. Shtendman. - SPb. : type of. Imperial Academy of Sciences, 1880. - T. 2. - S. 16. - 829 p.
- ↑ 1 2 Pchelov E.V. Chernihiv princely house. Princes of Mosalsky // Rurikovich. The history of the dynasty. - M .: Olma-Press, 2003 .-- 480 p. - ISBN 5-224-03160-5 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Veselago F.F. General Marine List. - SPb. : Printing house of V. Demakov, 1890. - T. IV. - S. 330-331. - 700 p.
- ↑ Veselago, 1888 , p. 647.
- ↑ Shirokorad, 2007 , p. 35.
- ↑ Shirokorad, 2007 , p. 236.
- ↑ Kuchir A.G. Secret mission of Russian shipbuilders S.I. Pleshcheev and A.S. Katasanov to Sweden in 1777 // Military History Journal : Journal. - M .: Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, November 2006. - S. 67-71 . - ISSN 0321-0626 .
- ↑ Shirokorad, 2007 , p. 153.
- ↑ Chernikov I. I. From the History of the Armored Fleet // Encyclopedia of Monitors. Defenders of the river borders. - SPb. : Shipbuilding, 2007 .-- 696 p. - ISBN 978-5-7355-0706-2 .
- ↑ Shirokorad, 2007 , p. 186.
- ↑ Shirokorad, 2007 , p. 187.
- ↑ Shirokorad, 2007 , p. 241.
- ↑ Shirokorad, 2007 , p. 163.
- ↑ 1 2 Calendar of memorable and significant historical dates of the Kovrovsky district . Site of the Kovrov Central Library. Date of treatment February 16, 2015.
- ↑ Bees E.V. Rurikovich. The history of the dynasty. - M .: Olma-Press, 2001 .-- S. 156. - 480 p. - ISBN 5-224-03160-5 .
- ↑ Fedorov P.V. Statues and pedestals: the imperial necropolis of St. Petersburg (Smolensk Orthodox cemetery) in the mirror of an encyclopedic biography . - SPb. : International Banking Institute, 2018 .-- P. 148. - 214 p. - ISBN 978-5-4391-0382-9 .
Literature
- Shirokorad A. B. 200 years of the sailing fleet of Russia. 1696-1891. - M .: Veche, 2007 .-- S. 35, 153, 163, 186, 187, 236, 241.
- Veselago F.F. Materials for the history of the Russian fleet . - SPb. : Printing House of the Ministry of the Sea, 1888. - T. XII. - S. 647.