April 19th

National

•   England - Day of Primrose.
•   Venezuela - Independence Day (1810).
•   Sierra Leone - Republic Day (1971).
•   Uruguay - Thirty-three Orientales Landing Day.
•   Russia - Day of Russian printing ^[2] , Day of the adoption of Crimea, Taman and Kuban into the Russian Empire ^[3] .

Religious

Catholic

• The memory of the martyr Vincent Collioure ( 291 or 304 )
• In memory of the Monk Herold, the Hermit ( 978 ).

  Orthodox ^{[4] [5]}

• Memory of St. Eutychius , Archbishop of Constantinople ( 582 year );
• Memory of Equal-to-the-Apostles Methodius , Archbishop of Moravian ( 885 );
• Memory of the Monk Platonida of Syria ( 308 );
• The memory of the martyrs of 120 Persian ( 344 - 347 years );
• Memory of the Martyrs Jeremiah and Archilius Priest ( III century );
• The memory of the martyrs Peter Zhukov and Prokhor Mikhailov (1918);
• The memory of the holy martyrs John (1934) and Jacob ( 1943 ) Boykov, elders;
• Memory of the Monk Sevastian of Karaganda , archimandrite ( 1966 ).

Name Day

• Orthodox: Eutyches , Eremeus , Methodius , Plato .
• Catholic: Adolf , Vladimir , Leon .

See also: Category: April 19 events

Until the 19th century

• 1012 - The Archbishop of Canterbury Elfia, later proclaimed a Catholic saint, was tortured to death by the Danes in Greenwich .
• 1529 - On the Reichstag in Speyer there was a final split of German Catholics and Protestants .
• 1563 - The printing house of the first printer Ivan Fedorov and Pyotr Mstislavets began to work in Moscow , and the first Russian dated book, The Apostle , began printing.
• 1648 - Dutch-Portuguese war : the victory of the Portuguese ended the first battle at the hills of Guararapis .
• 1706 - during the War of the Spanish Succession , the Battle of Calcinato took place, ending with the victory of the Franco-Spanish forces.
• 1713 - Publication by Charles VI of Habsburg , Austrian Archduke and Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire , Pragmatic sanction , succession law.
• 1775 - First battles between British troops and American colonists at Lexington and Concord . Beginning of the War of Independence in America .
• 1780 - After creating the Council of the Deanery , Catherine II began police reform in the Russian Empire .
• 1783 - Catherine II signed a manifesto on the annexation of Crimea ^[6] and the Kuban region to Russia .

XIX century

• 1809 :
  • During the Warsaw Duchy War with Austria , the Battle of Rashin took place , in which Polish troops under the command of Jozef Poniatowski won.
  • Fifth Coalition War : Marshal Davout’s troops defeated the Austrian troops of Karl Ludwig in the Toigen-Hausen battle .
• 1810 - Popular uprising in Caracas . The beginning of the war for the independence of Venezuela from Spain .
• 1825 - On the eastern bank of the Uruguay River , the Thirty-three Orientales landed under the command of Juan Antonio Lavalleja .
• 1831 - during the November uprising, the Russians defeated the Poles in a battle near Boremel ^[7] .
• 1839 - The London Treaty recognizes the independence of Belgium from the Netherlands .
• 1850 - England and the United States signed an agreement on the joint construction of the Panama Canal (later the United States decided to build the channel on its own).
• 1865 - Adoption of the Interim Press Rules. Under this law, censorship was retained only for brochures and small works. Thick books (over 160 pages for Russian and over 320 pages for translated editions) could be published without censorship. Book publishers were held accountable if the books contained anything illegal. Magazines and newspapers could also be published without special permission from the authorities. If something “harmful” or illegal appeared in them, a warning was issued to the publication. After the third such warning, publication was prohibited.
• 1897 - The first Boston marathon is held .

XX century

• 1903 - The beginning of the Chisinau Massacre , one of the bloodiest Jewish pogroms (until April 21).
• 1919
  • Leslie Leroy Irvin made the first recorded free-fall jump from an airplane followed by a parachute.
  • Polish troops captured Vilnius, the capital of Litbel .
• 1925 - The first issue of the all-Union daily radio newspaper " Pioneer Dawn ".
• 1928 - The first Oxford English Dictionary is published.
• 1933 - The abolition of the gold standard in the United States .
• 1935 - The Spartak Sports Society was founded in the USSR . The name was proposed by the Soviet football player and hockey player Nikolai Petrovich Starostin .
• 1941 - The US Senate adopted a resolution supporting the idea of ​​creating a Jewish state in Israel .
• 1943
  • Bike day . Albert Hoffman intentionally first took LSD . On that day, he intentionally took 250 mcg of LSD. Fearing that he was ill, he rode his bicycle home from the lab. During the trip, he felt the effects of LSD, making this day the date of the world's first “acid trip”.
  • The beginning of the anti-Nazi uprising of the prisoners of the Warsaw ghetto . It lasted almost a month, but was eventually suppressed.
  • In Belgium, an underground group, Jewish Solidarity, recaptured a train from the Nazis with Jewish children who were sent to Auschwitz .
  • The Secret Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR established SMERSH .
• 1947 - The Indian National Congress Party agreed to divide the country into India and Pakistan .
• 1956 - The North Pole-6 research station was organized under the direction of K. A. Sychev, V. M. Dryatsky, S. T. Serlapov and V. S. Antonov.
• 1960 - Mass demonstrations began in Seoul during the April revolution in South Korea against the rigging of the presidential election.
• 1965 - Gordon Moore formulates the so-called " Moore 's Law ", according to which the number of transistors in a microprocessor crystal doubles every two years.
• 1970
  • On the main conveyor of the Volga Automobile Plant , the first VAZ-2101 was assembled, later nicknamed the “penny”.
  • Colombia Elections Named April 19th Movement
• 1971 - Launch of the first Soviet orbital station Salyut .
• 1977 - the An-24 disaster in Moe , which killed 21 people. The largest plane crash in Estonia .
• 1984 - The national anthem of Australia is officially approved.
• 1987 - The Simpsons first appear in The Tracey Ullman Show with the first short episode titled Good Night .
• 1993 - On the 51st day of the siege of Mount Carmel estate, FBI agents broke out on a ranch in a ranch, killing 82 members of the Branch of David sect, including 21 children, as well as 4 agents of the ATF Bureau . Among the dead was the sect leader David Koresh .
• 1995 - Terrorist attack in Oklahoma City , killing 168 people. The first large-scale terrorist act in US history that hit the Heart of America.
• 2000 - The largest gold deposit in Europe was discovered in Central Romania .

21st Century

• 2005 - The Conclave of Catholic Cardinals in the Vatican elected the 265th Pope in a row. They became Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, who took the name Benedict XVI (pontificate until February 28, 2013 ).

See also: Category: Born on April 19

Until the 19th century

• 1483 - Paolo Giovio (d. 1552 ), Italian historian, bishop ("History of Florence").
• 1776 - Vasily Mikhailovich Golovnin (d. 1831 ), Russian navigator, vice admiral .
• 1777 - Karl Toll (d. 1842 ), Russian infantry general, count, participant in the Napoleonic wars .
• 1795 - Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg (d. 1876 ), German biologist, founder of micropaleontology.
• 1796 - Franz Anton Gerstner (real name Frantisek Josef ; d. 1840 ), Czech engineer and entrepreneur.

XIX century

• 1801 - Gustav Theodor Fechner (d. 1887 ), German physicist, philosopher, founder of psychophysics.
• 1834 - Grigory Myasoedov (d. 1911 ), Russian artist- Wanderer .
• 1836 - Max von der Goltz (d. 1906 ), German admiral , participant in the Franco-Prussian war .
• 1845 - Count Mikhail Muravyov (d. 1900 ), diplomat, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Empire (1897-1900).
• 1848 - Vsevolod Miller (d. 1913 ), Russian philologist, folklorist, ethnographer and archaeologist, director of the Lazarevsky Institute of Oriental Languages ​​(1897-1911).
• 1857 - Vasily Bogoroditsky (d. 1941 ), Russian Soviet philologist.
• 1875 - Ivan Belyaev (d. 1957 ), Russian general, honorary citizen of the Republic of Paraguay , researcher, rights activist and enlightener of the Paraguayan Indians.
• 1877 - Ol Evinrood (d. 1934 ), Norwegian-American inventor, author of an outboard motor.
• 1881 - Valentin Volkov (d. 1964 ), Russian and Belarusian Soviet artist ("High School", "Minsk July 3, 1944" and others).
• 1892
  • Georgy Adamovich (d. 1972 ), Russian poet, writer, critic, translator and publicist, emigrant.
  • Grigory Shine (d. 1956 ), Soviet astronomer, academician.
• 1898 - Rita Rait-Kovaleva (d. 1988 ), Soviet writer and translator.
• 1900
  • Alexander Ptushko (d. 1973 ), film director (films “Golden Key”, “New Gulliver”, “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, etc.), cameraman, animator, screenwriter, artist, People's Artist of the USSR.
  • Richard Hughes (d. 1976 ), English novelist, poet, playwright.

XX century

• 1902 - Veniamin Kaverin (d. 1989 ), Russian Soviet writer.
• 1903 - Eliot Ness (d. 1957 ), special agent of the US Treasury Department, put Al Capone in prison for 11 years.
• 1905 - Jim Mollison (d. 1959 ), Scottish pilot, aviation pioneer.
• 1907 - Afrasiyab Badalbeyli (d. 1976 ), composer, conductor, musicologist, people's artist of the Azerbaijan SSR.
• 1909 - Boris Blinov (d. 1943 ), Soviet film actor (Commissioner Furmanov in the film "Chapaev").
• 1911
  • Georgy Markov (d. 1991 ), Russian Soviet writer (Strogov, Salt of the Earth, Siberia).
  • Nadezhda Fedosova (d. 2000 ), theater and film actress, Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1912 - Glenn Theodor Seaborg (d. 1999 ), American nuclear chemist who discovered plutonium , Nobel laureate (1951).
• 1922 - Erich Hartmann (d. 1993 ), German pilot, the most successful fighter pilot in the history of aerial combat.
• 1926 - Boris Arakcheev (d. 2013 ), Belarusian Soviet painter.
• 1928 - Alexis Corner (d. 1984 ), English blues musician.
• 1931 - Andrei Ershov (d. 1988 ), Soviet mathematician-programmer, academician.
• 1933 - Jane Mansfield (d. 1967 ), American film actress.
• 1941 - Vitaliy Ignatenko , General Director of ITAR-TASS .
• 1942 - Alan Price , an English rock musician, keyboardist of The Animals .
• 1945
  • Mikhail Ezepov , Soviet and Russian film and theater actor.
  • Alexander Tkachenko (d. 2007 ), Russian poet and human rights activist.
• 1946 - Tim Curry , English actor, winner of the Emmy Award.
• 1949 - Paloma Picasso , French fashion designer, jewelry designer.
• 1955 - Sergei Rudnitsky , Russian composer and arranger, musical director of the Lenkom Theater .
• 1956 - Sergey Skachkov , Soviet and Russian rock musician, soloist and frontman of the group " Earthlings ".
• 1957 - Sergey Batalov , theater and film actor, Honored Artist of Russia.
• 1961 - Anna Gerasimova (Umka), Russian singer, rock musician.
• 1968 - Ashley Judd , American film actress.
• 1970 - Miguel Luis , Spanish pop singer.
• 1971 - Marijonas Mikutavičius , Lithuanian singer, television presenter, journalist.
• 1972 - Rivaldo , Brazilian soccer player, world champion (2002).
• 1978
  • Natalya Yeprikyan , Russian actress, producer of the TV show “ Comedy Woman ”.
  • James Edward Franco , American actor and director.
• 1979 - Kate Hudson , American actress.
• 1981 - Hayden Christensen , Canadian film actor.
• 1984 - Dmitry Trunenkov , Russian bobsledder, 2014 Olympic champion.
• 1985 - Alexander Tretyakov , Russian skeletonist, world champion.
• 1987
  • Joe Hart , English footballer, England goalkeeper.
  • Oksana Akinshina , Russian film actress.
  • Maria Sharapova , Russian tennis player, 5-time winner of the Grand Slam tournaments, Honored Master of Sports of Russia.
• 1988 - Haruna Kojima , Japanese singer and actress, member of the Japanese idol group AKB48 .

See also: Category: April 19 dead

Until the 19th century

• 1054 - Leo IX (b. 1002 ), Pope (1049-1054).
• 1560 - Philip Melanchthon (b. 1497 ), German humanist, theologian, evangelical reformer, associate of Martin Luther .
• 1567 - Michael Stiefel (b. 1487 ), German mathematician.
• 1588 - Paolo Veronese (b. 1528 ), Venetian artist.
• 1689 - Christina , 6th Queen of Sweden
• 1768 - Antonio Canaletto (b. 1697 ), Italian landscape painter.
• 1774 - Leger-Marie Deschamps (b. 1716 ), French materialist philosopher and utopian socialist .

XIX century

• 1824 - George Noel Gordon Byron (b. 1788 ), English romantic poet.
• 1851 - Georg Franz August Büquois (b. 1781 ), German philosopher.
• 1860 - Karol Podchashinsky , Lithuanian architect, professor at Vilnius University .
• 1871 - Gustav Yeager (born 1808 ) - German artist, master of historical painting; Director of the Leipzig Academy of Fine Arts ^[8] .
• 1881 - Benjamin Disraeli (b. 1804 ), British statesman and writer.
• 1882
  • Charles Darwin , English naturalist and traveler, author of evolutionary theory.
  • Plato Zubov (b. 1767 ), Russian statesman and military leader, the last favorite of Catherine II .
• 1885 - Nikolai Kostomarov (b. 1817 ), Russian historian, ethnographer and writer.
• 1893 - Peter Astafiev (b. 1846 ), Russian philosopher, psychologist and publicist.

XX century

• 1904 - Isabella II (b. 1830 ), Queen of Spain (1833-1868).
• 1906 - Pierre Curie (b. 1859 ), French physicist, Nobel laureate (1906).
• 1914 - Charles Sanders Pearce (b. 1839 ), American philosopher, logician, mathematician.
• 1937 - William Wheeler , American entomologist.
• 1938 - Ivan Kasatkin (born 1880 ), a Russian Soviet writer, an employee of the Cheka, was executed.
• 1939 - Nikolai Sinelnikov (b. 1855 ), director, actor, theater figure, People's Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1942 — погиб Михаил Ефремов (р. 1897 ), советский военачальник, генерал-лейтенант, Герой России.
• 1959 — Александр Дехтерёв (р. 1889 ), архиепископ Виленский и Литовский, писатель.
• 1967 — Конрад Аденауэр , первый канцлер ФРГ (1949—1963).
• 1973
  • Николай Горбань (р. 1899 ), историк, архивист, писатель.
  • Ганс Кельзен (р. 1881 ), австрийский и американский юрист, судья и философ, один из основных теоретиков позитивизма , основоположник концепции конституционного суда.
• 1975 — Перси Джулиан (р. 1899 ), американский химик, синтезировавший ряд гормонов из соевых бобов.
• 1983 — Ежи Анджеевский (р. 1909 ), польский писатель, диссидент.
• 1985 — Павел Батов (р. 1897 ), советский военный деятель, генерал армии, дважды Герой Советского Союза.
• 1989 — Дафна Дюморье (р. 1907 ), английская писательница и биограф.
• 1990 — Сергей Филиппов (р. 1912 ), комедийный актёр.
• 1992 — Бенни Хилл (р. 1924 ), британский киноактёр, комик.
• 1998 — Октавио Пас (р. 1914 ), мексиканский поэт, лауреат Нобелевской премии (1990).
• 2000 — Сергей Залыгин (р. 1913 ), русский советский писатель и общественный деятель, в 1986—1998 гг. главный редактор журнала « Новый мир ».

21st Century

• 2002 — Реджинальд Роуз (р. 1920 ), американский прозаик, драматург и сценарист.
• 2005 — Джордж Пан Косматос (р. 1941 ), американский кинорежиссёр.
• 2011 — Элизабет Слейден (р. 1946 ), британская актриса.
• 2012
  • Валерий Васильев (р. 1949 ), советский хоккеист, двукратный олимпийский чемпион, 8-кратный чемпион мира.
  • Грег Хэм (р. 1953 ), австралийский музыкант, автор песен, участник группы « Men at Work ».
• 2016 — Владимир Немухин (р. 1925 ), русский художник- нонконформист .

Евтихий .

• Коли на Евтихия день тихий — ранние яровые урожайны ^[9] .
• Но если в этот день сильный ветер , то крестьяне на Руси горевали: « Евтихий ветром бьёт — колос собьёт » ^[10] .