April 8

See also: Category: Holidays April 8

International

• International Gypsy Day .

National

• Russia , Belarus - the day of the staff of the military commissariats ^[2] .
• Russia is the Day of Russian Animation.

Religious

Orthodoxy ^{[3] [4] [5] [6]}

The resurrection of Lazarus. Russian icon, XV century

• Easter ( passing celebration in 2018);

• The Cathedral of the Archangel Gabriel ;
• the memory of martyr Irenaeus , Bishop of Sirmiysk (Sremsky) (304 year);
• In commemoration of the martyrs Vafusia and Verka, the presbyters, the martyr Arpilas, the martyrs of Aviva, Aghna, Reas, Igafrax, Iskhoy, Silas, Sigits, Sonirila, Swimvla, Fermat, Villla and the martyrs Anna, Alla, Larisa, Moiko, Mamiki, Wyrko, Wyrko, Wyrko, Wyrko, Wyrko ), Haath, Queen of Goths, and Duklides (c. 375);
• the memory of Rev. Malchus of Syria (IV);
• the memory of St. Basil the New , Constantinople (c. 944);
• memory of martyr Paraskeva Kochneva (1939);
• Meletinskaya icon of the Mother of God .

Name Day

• Orthodox: Alla , Anna , Vasily , Gabriel , Irenaeus , Larisa , Mark .
• Catholic: Cesaria , Dionysius , Januarius .

See also: Category: Events April 8

Until the XVIII century

• 1158 - Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky laid the Assumption Cathedral in Vladimir .
• 1185 - Byzantine Emperor Isaac II Angel was overthrown by his own brother Alexey .
• 1271 - Sultan of the Mamelukes Baybars captures the fortress Krak des Chevaliers .
• 1378 - Bartolomeo Prignano was elected Pope, who took the name Urban VI - the last Pope is not one of the cardinals. His actions led to the Great Western Split .
• 1480 - A crusade was declared by the Catholic Church to win back Otranto (Southern Italy ) from the Muslims .
• 1498 - Florentine monk Savonarola , accused of heresy , arrested.
• 1513 - Seafarer Juan Ponce de Leon announced Florida ownership of Spain .
• 1525 - the Krakow Treaty was signed, which ended the Polish-Teutonic War of 1519–1521 under which Prussia , being the first order church state , turned to the duchy (became secular - “secular” - state) under the authority of the Kingdom of Poland .
• 1546 - The Council of Trent recognized the Vulgat as the official version of the Bible .
• 1605 - Swedish King Charles XI ordered the founding of the city of Oulu (now one of the largest cities in Finland ).

XVIII century

• 1766 - The first fire escape was patented in the USA .
• 1771 - Catherine II commanded to take urgent action to save Moscow from the bubonic plague .
• 1782 - Catherine II issues a decree on the creation of "public schools" in all cities of Russia - the first (after the free public schools created a year earlier in St. Petersburg ).

XIX century

• 1820 - on the Greek island of Milos, a peasant Yorgos Kentrotas found a statue known as Venus de Milo .
• 1827 - during the Argentine-Brazilian war between the fleets, the took , ending with the victory of the Brazilian fleet.
• 1830 - Mexico banned the further colonization of Texas by the Americans.
• 1838 - The Great Western steamboat of Isambard Bruynel began its first voyage from Bristol to New York . It took 15 days to travel.
• 1847 - The arrest in Kiev of the poet T. Shevchenko and the historian N. I. Kostomarov for belonging to the Cyril and Methodius Society .
• 1853 - The first officially registered chess club is opened.
• 1864 - American Civil War : during the Red River campaign , the battle of Mansfield took place , ending with the victory of the Confederate army under the command of Richard Taylor .
• 1866 - on the eve of the Austro-Prussian War, the Prussian-Italian alliance against Austria was concluded.

XX century

• 1902 - The signing of the Russian-Chinese agreement on Manchuria , according to which Russia pledged to gradually withdraw its troops from Manchuria.
• 1904 - Great Britain and France signed an agreement on Egypt , Morocco and other colonial possessions, which received the unofficial name of “Heart accord” ( Entente ).
• 1911 - Heike Kamerlingh Onnes , studying the properties of mercury cooled to the temperature of liquid helium , discovered the phenomenon of superconductivity .
• 1918 - Russian tricolor replaced by a red flag .
• 1921 - The Labinsk Republic was suppressed by Italian troops.
• 1926 - The Soviet Photo magazine is founded (now the “Photograph”).
• 1928 - By decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the church in the USSR is deprived of the status of a legal entity .
• 1935 - In the USSR, criminal responsibility is extended to children over the age of 13 (Resolution of the CEC and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR “On Measures to Combat Juvenile Crime”).
• 1944 - the beginning of the Crimean operation , during which the Crimea was liberated from the German-Romanian occupation.
• 1950 - American aircraft were shot down over Latvia by Soviet air defenses ^[7] . Moscow protested to the United States over the violation of Soviet airspace. On April 18, the United States declared that Soviet air defenses had shot down a private plane bound for Sweden .
• 1954 - The North Pole-4 research station was organized under the direction of E. I. Tolstikov , P. A. Gordienko, and A. G. Drakina.
• 1966 - Leonid Brezhnev is elected Secretary General of the CPSU Central Committee .
• 1967 - Greeks and Turks resume fighting near Limassol , Cyprus .
• 1971 - The first World Gypsy Congress took place near London , which adopted the Gypsy anthem and flag .
• 1974 - The breakthrough of water into the tunnel under construction of the Leningrad Metro on the stretch between the Lesnaya and Ploshchad Muzhstva stations, which led to the flooding of the section and the suspension of the sinking works.
• 1986 - CPSU General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev for the first time used the word “ perestroika ” during a visit to Tolyatti .
• 1990 - On the American channel ABC, the premiere of the TV show Twin Peaks is launched.
• 1994 - The body of Kurt Cobain (born 1967 ) was found - the leader of the Nirvana group who had shot himself three days earlier .

XXI century

• 2010 - the overthrow of Kyrgyz President Kurmanbek Bakiyev , more than 70 dead.
• 2010 - the presidents of Russia and the United States signed in Prague a new treaty on the reduction of strategic offensive arms .

See also: Category: Born April 8

Until the XIX century

• 1692 - Giuseppe Tartini (died 1770 ), Italian violinist and composer (“Devil’s Trill”).
• 1764 - Nikolai Rezanov (died 1807 ), diplomat, trader, statesman, one of the founders of the Russian-American company , the initiator of the first Russian round-the-world expedition.
• 1771 - Ivan Hilferding (d. 1836 ), officer of the Russian army, collegiate councilor , teacher, translator.
• 1792 - Vasily Davydov (died 1855 ), Russian poet, Decembrist.
• 1795 - Vladimir Rajewski (died 1872 ), Russian publicist and poet, Decembrist.
• 1798 - Dionysios Solomos (died 1857 ), Greek poet.

XIX century

• 1817 - Charles Brown-Sequard (d. 1894 ), French physiologist and neurologist.
• 1818
  • August Wilhelm Hoffmann (died 1892 ), German organic chemist.
  • Christian IX (died 1906 ), king of Denmark (1863-1906), from the Glucksburg dynasty.
• 1831 - Jem Mays (died 1910 ), famous British boxer.
• 1843 - Asger Hameric (died 1923 ), Danish composer and conductor.
• 1857 - Vasily Razumovsky (died 1935 ), Russian Soviet surgeon, MD, Hero of Labor.
• 1859 - Edmund Husserl (d. 1938 ), German philosopher, founder of phenomenology .
• 1869 - Harvey Cushing (d. 1939 ), American neurosurgeon, pioneer of brain surgery.
• 1870 - Alexander Bezredka (d. 1940 ), French microbiologist and immunologist.
• 1875
  • Albert I (died 1934 ), king of Belgium (1909–1934).
  • Leonid Starokadomsky (died 1962 ), Russian doctor, polar explorer, discoverer of Severnaya Zemlya .
• 1877 - Zhanna Lyaburb (died 1919 ), French Communist, participant in the Civil War in Russia .
• 1892 - Mary Pickford (died 1979 ), American film actress.

XX century

• 1902 - Maria Maksakova (died 1974 ), Russian Soviet singer (mezzo-soprano), People’s Artist of the USSR.
• 1904 - John Richard Hicks (d. 1989 ), English economist, Nobel Prize winner (1972).
• 1911
  • Melvin Calvin (died 1997 ), American biochemist, Nobel laureate in chemistry (1961) for the study of photosynthesis .
  • Frantisek Perzhina (died 2006 ), Czechoslovak al pilot of World War II.
• 1912 - Sonya Henie (died 1969 ), Norwegian figure skater, three-time Olympic champion (1928, 1932, 1936), 10-time world champion (in a row from 1927 to 1936), actress.
• 1915 - Maria Felix , Mexican film actress.
• 1919 - Jan Douglas Smith (d. 2007 ), Rhodesian politician and statesman.
• 1921
  • Jan Novak (died 1984 ), Czech composer.
  • Franco Corelli (died 2003 ), Italian opera singer (tenor).
• 1928
  • Vytautas Nasvitis (died 2016 ), Lithuanian architect.
  • Algimantas Nasvitis , Lithuanian architect, brother of Vytautas .
• 1929 - Jacques Brel (d. 1978 ), Belgian-French chansonnier, poet, actor.
• 1935 - Nikolai Rasheev , Soviet and Ukrainian film director, screenwriter and actor.
• 1938 - Kofi Annan (died 2018 ), Ghanaian diplomat, 7th Secretary - General of the United Nations (1997–2006).
• 1941 - Vivienne Westwood , British fashion designer, designer, founder of punk style in fashion.
• 1944 - Nikolai Lavrov , Soviet and Russian film and theater actor.
• 1947 - Steve Howe , guitarist for the British rock band Yes .
• 1948 - Galust Sahakyan , Armenian politician.
• 1949 - John Madden , British film director, author of the film " Shakespeare in Love ".
• 1953 - Mikhail Berger , Russian journalist, chief editor of the newspaper Segodnya.
• 1955 - Alexander Chivadze , Soviet football player, captain of the USSR national team, Olympic bronze medalist (1980).
• 1956 - Nikas Safronov , Russian artist.
• 1958 - Victor Zinchuk , Russian guitar virtuoso, composer, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation.
• 1962 - Izzy Stradlin , American musician, songwriter, guitarist for the " Guns N'Roses " group
• 1963 - Julian Lennon , English rock musician, singer, guitarist, composer and pianist, son of John Lennon from marriage to Cynthia Powell.
• 1964 - Nikita Mikhailovsky (d. 1991 ), Russian actor (main male role in the movie “ You never dreamed of ... ”) and the artist.
• 1966 - Robin Wright-Penn , American actress.
• 1968 - Patricia Arquette , American film actress.
• 1972 - Paul Gray (d. 2010 ), guitarist of the American group Slipknot .
• 1978 - Evgenia Vlasova , Ukrainian singer.
• 1979 - Alexi Laiho , Finnish rock guitar player.
• 1982 - Gennady Golovkin , Kazakhstani boxer, WBA super middleweight world middleweight champion.
• 1986
  • Igor Akinfeev , Russian football player, goalkeeper of the Russian team.
  • Natalia Ischenko , Russian athlete (synchronized swimming), 5-time Olympic champion.
• 1992 - Sergey Ustyugov , Russian skier, world champion (2017).

See also: Category: Dead April 8

• 217 - as a result of a conspiracy, the Roman emperor Caracalla was killed.
• 1364 - John II the Good (p. 1350 ), King of France.
• 1461 - Georg von Peuerbach (b. 1423 ), Austrian mathematician, astronomer.
• 1652 - Angelo Carozelli (born 1585 ), Italian Baroque painter.
• 1835 - Wilhelm Humboldt , (b. 1767 ), German philosopher, philologist, founder of Berlin University .
• 1848 - Gaetano Donizetti , Italian composer.
• 1861 - Elisha Otis (b. 1811 ), inventor of the safety device - one of the elevator security systems.
• 1870 - Charles Auguste de Berio (born 1802 ), Belgian violinist, composer, music teacher.
• 1905 - Josip Strosmayer (b. 1815 ), Croatian Catholic bishop, theologian, philanthropist, politician and public figure.
• 1925 - Frank Stephen Baldwin (b. 1838 ), American inventor of adding machine .
• 1931 - Eric Karlfeldt (b. 1864 ), Swedish poet, member of the Swedish Academy, Nobel Prize winner (1931).
• 1936 - Robert Barani (b. 1876 ), Austrian otorhinolaryngologist, Nobel Prize winner (1914).
• 1938
  • Panteleimon Romanov (b. 1884 ), Russian Soviet writer, prose writer, playwright, publicist.
  • shot by Artyom Vesely (b. 1899 ), Russian Soviet writer.
• 1956 - Jean-Auguste Marie Tilleau (b. 1875 ), French explorer of Central Africa and the Sahara .
• 1962 - Juan Belmonte (born 1892 ), the famous Spanish matador .
• 1966 - Militsa Mathieu (b. 1899 ), Egyptologist, art historian and historian.
• 1968 - Ernst Wilhelm Nye (b. 1902 ), German painter and graphic artist.
• 1971
  • Fritz von Opel (b. 1899 ), German industrialist, maker of Opel cars.
  • Charles Ferdinand Payue de Mortange (b. 1896 ), Dutch rider, 4-time Olympic champion.
• 1972 - Alexander Deich (b. 1893 ), Russian Soviet writer, literary critic, theater critic, translator.
• 1973 - Pablo Picasso (b. 1881 ), Spanish artist.
• 1974 - Pavel Lukomsky (b. 1899 ), general practitioner, cardiologist, academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences , one of the founders of the Soviet school of cardiology.
• 1981 - Omar Nelson Bradley (b. 1893 ), American commander, chairman of the United States Joint Chiefs of Staff .
• 1984 - Peter Kapitsa (b. 1894 ), physicist, academician, twice Hero of Socialist Labor, Nobel Prize winner (1978).
• 1993
  • Marian Anderson (b. 1897 ), American opera singer (contralto), the first of the African-American artists to perform on the stage of the Metropolitan Opera .
  • Alexey Saltykov (b. 1934 ), Soviet film director.
• 1996 - Ben Johnson (b. 1918 ), American actor.
• 2002 - Maria Felix (b. 1914 ), American film actress, model and model.
• 2005
  • Yoshitaro Nomura (born 1919 ), Japanese film director.
  • Semyon Laskin (b. 1930 ), Soviet and Russian prose writer, playwright, screenwriter and art historian.
• 2008 - Nadezhda Rumyantseva (born 1930 ), Soviet and Russian film and theater actress.
• 2009 - Jane Brian (b. 1918 ), American actress.
• 2010 - Malcolm Maclaren (b. 1946 ), British musician and producer.
• 2012 - Anatoly Ravikovich (born 1936 ), theater and film actor, People’s Artist of the RSFSR.
• 2013
  • Margaret Thatcher (b. 1925 ), 71st Prime Minister of Great Britain (1979-1990).
  • Mikhail Beketov (b. 1958 ), Russian journalist, editor.
• 2017 - Georgy Grechko (b. 1931 ), Soviet cosmonaut, twice Hero of the Soviet Union.

Blagovest , Gabriel The Blavovednik, Gabriel, Basil - turn the shafts out, Scoop the boots, Daunt soles.

• The villagers, noticing on this day a bright sunrise , removed the entire sledge harness and said: “On the day of Gabriel, turn the shafts out of the shafts”.
• The women finished the last yarn on that day, and those who continued to spin, said: “It won’t work,” that is, if you spin on Gabriel or later Gabriel, the work is not in use.
• What is the weather on Basil, is it the same on October 8 , and vice versa.
• For Praise (meritorious singing), forty eggs boasted.
• If you spin on Gabriel - the work will not go ahead ^[8] .

• April 8 in Russian history