Vareshanin, Marjan

Born February 1, 1847 in the city of Gunia (now Croatia) in the family of a military officer Raimund Vareshanin, 1st class captain from the 7th Slavonic Infantry Regiment. He graduated from the cadet school of Fiume and the Theresian Academy . August 19, 1866 enlisted as a lieutenant in the 78th Infantry Regiment , subordinate to the 3rd Army. From 1869 to 1871 he studied at the Vienna Military School, graduated with honors. January 1, 1872 he arrived at the location of the 2nd Infantry Division in Vienna, in the same year he rose to the rank of Lieutenant, which he received on May 1 . Exactly a year later he received the rank of captain of the 2nd class, and after the reform of the army he was promoted to captain of the 1st class. Later he served in the 2nd Brigade of the 11th Lemberg Infantry Division of Lemberg, the 36th Agram Infantry Division, the 18th Zar Infantry Division and directly at the headquarters of the Austro-Hungarian forces in Vienna.

In 1875, on the occasion of the Kaiser’s trip to Dalmatia, Captain Vareshanin was sent to Montenegro and awarded the Montenegrin Order of Prince Daniel I of the 4th degree, later located at the headquarters of the army in Zara, where he was awarded the Military Merit Cross on December 3, 1878 in gratitude for mobilizing troops during capture of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 1879, as part of a delegation of Serbian officers, he watched the maneuvers on Bruck-on-Leyte, for which he was awarded the Order of the Cross of Such. On May 1, 1881, he was granted the rank of Major and appointed Head of Staff of the 9th Prague Infantry Division in October of that year (from September 1882 to December 1883, Archduke Rudolf commanded the division). After the Archduke left the post of commander, Major Vareshanin was appointed his personal teacher of military history and geography. When he was a teacher, he was awarded the Prussian Order of the Red Eagle, 3rd degree , December 4, 1883 . May 1, 1885 received the rank of lieutenant colonel , in November he was sent to serve in the 75th Infantry Regiment (Prague).

On May 21, 1880 , Marjan Vareshanin's father, captain of the 1st class, Raimund Vareshanin, was awarded the honorary prefix "von Varesh" (Maryan could receive the same prefix after 20 years of military or civil service). On April 1, 1887, Marjan received the coveted honorary prefix, becoming the head of the headquarters of the troops in Zara, and a year later, on May 1, 1888 he was promoted to colonel. On December 4, 1893, he took command of the 48th Peremyshl Infantry Brigade, followed by an increase in major general on May 1, 1894 . From October 1896 to March 1897 he commanded the 3rd Infantry Brigade, on April 2, 1897 took command of the 18th Mostar Infantry Division, received the rank of Field Marshal-Lieutenant on November 1 of that year, and was appointed senior (guardian or patron) of the division on November 8, 1897 . In September 1900, he entered the headquarters at the 12th building in Germanstadt, and was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of Leopold on October 18, 1902 for his service there. A year later, transferred on October 10, 1903 to the 15th building in Sarajevo. On April 8, 1905, he was adopted by the military commandant of Zara, later received the title of first adviser on August 11 in the same year and the rank of field governor on November 1, along with the rank of lord on October 31, 1905 . He was awarded the title of Oberstinhaber ( German Oberstinhaber , letter. Colonel-owner ) of the 22nd Infantry Regiment ( August 15, 1906 ) for service as a senior at Zara’s commandant’s office, and on January 2, 1908 , with the Grand Cross of the Order of the Iron Crown. In the fall of 1908, after the reorganization of the ranks from the field assistant, he became general of infantry.

On March 7, 1909 , Infantry General Marjan Vareshanin von Varesh was appointed commander of the 15th Corps in Sarajevo and Governor of Bosnia and Herzegovina. On July 29, 1909 he was also appointed inspector general of the troops. To avoid congestion at the workplace, the command of the 15th Corps was transferred to Moritz Ritter von Auffenberg in October 1909, but General Vareshanin remained at the head of the Bosnia and Herzegovina Condominium. It almost cost him his life: on June 2, 1910 in Mostar, a Serbian student Bogdan Zheraić , a member of the secret Serbian organization Black Hand , organized an attempt on Vareshanin by firing at him five times with a revolver. Zheraich, shooting at Vareshanin, called him "a renegade who climbed the career ladder due to spilled blood during the uprising in Rakovitsa." However, Vareshanin survived, and Zheraich himself shot himself. According to some historians, this incident could have become an occasion to start the First World War even if Bogdan Zheraich killed Vareshanin ^[1] . According to legend, the principle visited Geraich’s grave, who swore to avenge the death of his compatriot ^[2] .

Kaiser personally assigned the surviving Vareshanin the title of baron, and although he accepted it, he decided to retire as soon as possible in order to avoid repeated assassination attempts. On May 10, 1911, Vareshanin's request for resignation was granted, and Oscar Potiorek took his place as governor. After 45 years of service, Infantry General Vareshanin retired and was finally awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of Leopold. On April 22, 1917, Marjan Wareshanin, Baron von Waresh, a retired infantry general, passed away in Vienna.

• Albertini, Luigi (1953). Origins of the War of 1914 2. Oxford University Press. OCLC 168712.
• Husnija Kamberović: Ubojstvo Franza Ferdinanda u Sarajevu 1914 .-- devedeset godina poslije. In: Prilozi (Contributions). 34, 2005, S. 13-22.

• Marian Freiherr Varešanin von Vareš (English)
• Ivan Pederin: Theresianum, počeci njemačko-hrvatskih književnih i kulturnih odnosa i ilirizam (Croatian)