Tubikonosiki [1] [2] or Drioftorides [3] ( lat. Dryophthorinae ) - a subfamily of beetles from the family of weevils ( Curculionidae , sometimes considered as a separate family of Dryophthoridae or Rhynchophoridae ) [4] [5] .
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 Cercidocerus securifer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dryophthorinae | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Content
- 1 Area
- 2 Description
- 3 Systematics
- 4 notes
- 5 Literature
- 6 References
Range
They are found around the world, mainly in the tropics, some species are introduced in temperate latitudes [6] [7] [8] .
On the territory of Russia there are 9 species [3] .
Description
Medium and large sized weevils, body length from 2 to 75 mm. The shape of the body is oblong or widely oval, the color is diverse. Antennas with 4 or 6-segmented flagellum. Pronotum wider than head. There are both winged and wingless species. The paws are 5-segmented or false-four-segmented. Claw claw is missing. Adults feed on plant tissues, and legless whitish-creamy larvae develop inside stems, roots and seeds [4] .
It includes a number of quarantine objects, for example, dangerous agricultural pests such as the agave weevil Scyphophorus acupunctatus , which damages up to 40% of blue agave ( Agáve tequilána ), which serves as the main source of alcoholic beverages , such as tequila , mezcal and pulque [9] [7] . Dangerous quarantine pests include many palm weevils ( Rhynchophorus ), which harm various species of palm trees , sugarcane , bananas [10] [11] [12] . At the same time, their large fleshy larvae are eaten by the local population of Africa and Southeast Asia [12] . Larvae of some species of the genus Cyrtotrachelus harm bamboo in China .
Systematics
More than 150 genera and 2500 species. The taxon was first isolated in a separate family Dryophthoridae from the common family of weevils ( Curculionidae ) in 1825 by the Swedish entomologist Karl Johann Schönherr (Schönherr, 1825) [13] . Five “subfamilies” were distinguished in the family ( Rhynchophorinae Schonherr, 1833 , Stromboscerinae Lacordaire, 1865 and others). However, in the future, the taxon was often considered in the status of a subfamily and in different volumes (the above subfamilies were given the rank of tribe group) [5] [14] [15] .
- Family Curculionidae
- Subfamily Dryophthorinae
- Tribe group “Cryptodermatinae” Bovie, 1908: Cryptodermatini
- The tribe group Dryophthorinae Schönherr, 1825:
- Dryophthorini : Dryophthorus - Psilodryophthorus - Stenommatus - † Lithophthorus -? † Spodotribus [16]
- Tribe group “Orthognathinae” Lacordaire, 1865: [17]
- Orthognathini : Mesocordylus - Orthognathus - Sipalinus
- Rhinostomini
- Tribe group “Rhynchophorinae” Schönherr, 1833:
- Diocalandrini
- Litosomini : Melchus - Microspathe - Myocalandra - Neocalandra - Neophrynoides - Oliabus - Paramorphorrhinus - Periphemus - Sitophilus and others
- Ommatolampini
- Polytini
- Rhynchophorini : Abrachius - Cyrtotrachelus - Dynamis - Macrocheirus - Mahakamia - Omotemnus - Otidognathus - Paratasis - Pristirhina - Protocerius - Rhynchodynamis - Rhynchophorinus - Rhynchophorus
- Sphenophorini : Billbergia - Cactophagoides - Cactophagus - Cercidocerus - Scyphophorus - Sphenophorus and others ...
- Tribe group “Strombosecrinae” Lacordaire, 1865:
- Stromboscerini
- Subfamily Dryophthorinae
Palm weevils Rhynchophorus ferrugineus and Rhynchophorus bilineatus | ||||||||||
Notes
- ↑ Family - Dryophthoridae tube-bears (Schoenherr, 1825)
- ↑ Atlas of beetles of Russia: superfamily CURCULIONOIDEA
- ↑ 1 2 List of species of Dryophthoridae in Russia
- ↑ 1 2 Egorov A. B., Zherikhin V.V. 1996. Sem. Dryophthoridae (Rhynchophoridae) // P. A. Ler (eds.). Key to insects of the Russian Far East. T.3. Coleoptera or beetles. Part 3. Vladivostok: Dalnauka. S.241-248.
- ↑ 1 2 Vaurie Patricia. 1971. Review of Scyphophorus (Curculionidae: Rhynchophorinae). Coleopterists Bulletin 25: 1-8.
- ↑ Colombo, M. (2000). Scyphophorus acupunctatus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera Curculionidae): prima segnalazione per l'Italia. Bolletino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicoltura, Serie II, 32 (2), 165-170.
- ↑ 1 2 Scyphophorus acupunctatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) - Sisal weevil. (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Gregory P. Setliff and Jesse A. Anderson. 2011. First record of the agave snout weevil, Scyphophorus acupunctatus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae), in Puerto Rico . Insecta Mundi 0152: 1-3.
- ↑ Beetles of Scyphophorus acupunctatus - Sisal Weevil. bugguide.net
- ↑ Handbook-determinant of quarantine and other dangerous pests of raw materials, stock products and seed. Comp. Ya. B. Mordkovich, E.A. Sokolov; under the editorship of V.V. Popovich. M., "Spike", 1999. 384 p.
- ↑ Red Palm Weevil - The Food and Environment Research Archived on August 28, 2013.
- ↑ 1 2 Animal life. Arthropods: trilobites, chelicerae, tracheal breathing. Onychophors / Ed. M.S. Gilyarova , F.N. Pravdina . - 2nd, rev. - M .: Enlightenment, 1984. - T. 3. - 463 p.
- ↑ CJ Schönherr, Continuatio Tabulae synopticae Familiae Curculionidum , Isis von Oken, 1825 (5): pp. 581-588
- ↑ Anderson, RS 2002: The Dryophthoridae of Costa Rica and Panama: Checklist with keys, new synonymy and descriptions of new species of Cactophagus, Mesocordylus, Metamasius and Rhodobaenus (Coleoptera; Curculionoidea). Zootaxa , 80: 1-94.
- ↑ Anderson, RS 2013: Two new species of Dryophthorinae in the genera Metamasius and Melchus from the Lesser Antilles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Zootaxa , 3750 (4): 396-400. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa.3750.4.9
- ↑ Davis, SR; Engel, MS 2006: Dryophthorine weevils in Dominican amber (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, 109 (3-4): 191-198.
- ↑ Morrone, JJ; Cuevas, PI 2009: On the status of the tribes Orthognathini and Rhinostomini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae). Zootaxa , 2216: 57-63.
Literature
- Csiki, E. 1936. Rhynchophorinae, Cossoninae. Coleopt. Cat., Junk 149: 1-212.
- Morimoto K. 1978. Check-list of the family Rhynchophoridae (Coleoptera) of Japan, with descriptions of a new genus and five new species. Esakia (12): 103-118.
- Morimoto K. 1985. Supplement to the check-list of the family Rhynchophoridae (Coleoptera) of Japan, with descriptions of a new genus and four new species. Esakia (23): 67-76.
- Zimmerman, EC 1968: Rhynchophorinae of southeastern Polynesia (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Pacific insects, 10: 47-77.
Links
- Atlas of the family Dryophthoridae of the fauna of Russia
- Beetles Dryophthorinae. bugguide.net
- Robert Anderson. Scyphophorus Schoenherr, 1838. inbio.ac.cr “Dryophthoridae of Costa Rica and Panama” (2004. Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad).
- eol.org: Dryophthoridae - Palm Weevils
- biolib.cz: Dryophthorinae
- Catalog of Life: Dryophthorinae Retrieved March 25, 2014.