Jean Samuel Pauli ( fr. Jean Samuel Pauly , actually Samuel Johannes Pauli , German Samuel Johann Pauli 1766-1821) - weapons designer, creator of the first unitary cartridge for small arms and the first weapon under a unitary cartridge.
| Jean Samuel Pauli | |
|---|---|
| Jean samuel pauly | |
| Birth name | Samuel Johann Pauli |
| Date of Birth | April 13, 1766 |
| Place of Birth | Fehigen , Canton of Bern , Switzerland |
| Date of death | 1821 |
| A place of death | |
| A country | |
| Occupation | Small Arms Designer |
Content
- 1 Biography
- 1.1 the creation of a unitary cartridge
- 1.2 Creating a gun under a unitary cartridge
- 1.3 After the overthrow of Napoleon
- 2 Literature
- 3 References
Biography
In 1798, Pauli, in the rank of an artillery sergeant, fought in the Swiss army on the side of republican France under the command of the future Marshal Massin . In 1802, Pauli moved to Paris, where he worked on the design of airships, maintaining contact with the arms factory in Saint-Etienne. In 1804, Pauli designs an automatic bridge. In this case, Pauli calls himself "Colonel Jean Samuel Pauli." Then Pauli establishes an armory, where he perfects the use of “ explosive mercury ” as an initiator of ignition in small arms. In 1809, he recruited a well-known German weapons designer von Dreise to his workshop (later the creator of the famous Dreise gun).
Creating a Unit Chuck
In Paris, in collaboration with French gunsmith Francois Prela Pauli creates a unitary cartridge. This cartridge consisted of a cardboard cylinder, filled with ignition initiator - bertholite salt (the main innovation of Pauli), black powder and round bullet. Pauli continues to improve his cartridge and September 26, 1812 patented its design. In an improved version of the cartridge, the sleeve was completely metal or cardboard-metal, a capsule device was installed at the bottom of the sleeve. In fact, it was a prototype of the unitary cartridge of the central battle.
Creating a Unitized Shotgun
On September 29, 1812, Pauli patented the world's first unit-loading rifle under a unitary cartridge, almost half a century ahead of his time. The design provided for a sliding or hinged shutter, an automatic cocking during reloading and a cartridge extraction system. On January 3, 1813, the gun was demonstrated by the author to the Minister of Police of France, Jean-Marie Savary, to the Duke of Rovigo , while showing excellent results compared to the then existing muzzle-loading silicon rifles (the range and accuracy of the gun exceeded twice). The news was immediately reported to the Emperor Napoleon , who was very interested in her and ordered to carry out detailed tests of the gun. But the introduction of weapons was prevented by the fall of the French Empire and the abdication of Napoleon. Further work on the design of a unitary cartridge led the French gunsmith Casimir Lefoshe to create a hairpin cartridge , and Draise to create the so-called. "Needle cartridge". Both of these cartridges were subsequently replaced by central ignition cartridges.
After the overthrow of Napoleon
On April 5, 1814, Draise left for Prussia, and Pauli left for London, where he continued his work on small arms under the auspices of the gunsmith Darss Egg . In 1817, Pauli created a shotgun design with a new design for the percussion mechanism with a combat coil spring and a rod drummer (later this design was used in almost all small arms) - this idea was borrowed and introduced by Draise in his needle gun.
Despite the obvious advantages of the Pauli systems, they were never implemented, and Pauli himself died in obscurity.
Literature
- Pistols: an illustradet history of their impact by Jeff Kinard
Links
- Samuel Pauli in the Encyclopedia of Arms