Gavrish, Sergey Fedorovich

Childhood

Sergei Fedorovich Gavrish was born on November 1, 1950 in the village of Starominskaya, Krasnodar Territory. Parents worked all their lives in agriculture. Father, Fedor Semenovich, was a driver, foreman, then manager of the collective farm; mother, Claudia Vasilievna, livestock specialist. Sergei from an early age worked in the garden.

Youth

After graduating from high school in 1967, S.F. Gavrish entered the Kuban Agricultural Institute at the fruit and vegetable department. From the third year he began to engage in research work at the Department of Plant Physiology. Gavrish met real applied science in 1971 during a six-month production practice at the Crimean breeding experimental station VIR .

Subsequent scientific activities

Sergei Fedorovich worked in a group of breeding nightshade crops under the leadership of Anatoly Nikitovich Lukyanenko, a well-known breeder for tomato culture. Here, the first knowledge on the biology of culture and selection of tomato varieties for open ground, or rather, tomato varieties for industrial cultivation and combine harvesting, was obtained. At the request of the director of the Crimean VIR station, Academician G.V. Eremin, after graduation, the young specialist was sent here as a junior researcher. At that time, outstanding breeders worked at the Crimean environmental protection institute VIR, who laid the foundation for the domestic scientific selection of vegetable crops - N. N. Tkachenko, A. M. Drozd, N. M. Rybka, I. N. Bozhenko.

In 1974 he defended his thesis on the subject “Physico-mechanical and agrobiological properties of tomato varieties intended for mechanized harvesting”. The scientific leader of the thesis, along with A.N. Lukyanenko, was a famous scientist and public figure, academician of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences D. D. Brezhnev, at that time director of the All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Production named after N. I. Vavilova. A practical application of the results of scientific work was co-authorship in the creation of two varieties of tomato - Rocket and Orbit, which have proven themselves in combine harvesting, and the Rocket is still in the register of selection achievements of the Russian Federation and is widely cultivated.

Since 1977, S.F. Gavrish - Senior Researcher at the Vegetable Experimental Station. V. I. Edelstein of the Moscow Art Academy, where under the guidance of Dr. S.-kh. Sciences G.I. Tarakanov and candidate s.kh. Sciences I.K. Shaumyana begins work on the selection of tomato hybrids for protected soil.

4 years after the start of selection work by the staff of the Vegetable Experimental Station named after The first hybrid of the greenhouse tomato F1 Carlson, which in 1985 was already zoned, practically throughout the country, was transferred to V.I. Edelstein for state testing. At the same time, a hybrid seed production system was introduced into production. As a result, scientists from the Timiryazev Academy and NIIOKh (now VNIIO) fully provided the country's protected soil with seeds of tomato hybrids that meet the requirements of the time, as a result of which the purchase of seeds abroad almost stopped.

The next selection achievement was the creation of a determinant hybrid of Verlioc’s tomato F1 and its transfer in 1986 for variety testing. After 4 years, the Verlioca F1 hybrid became the most popular greenhouse tomato in the country. It is characterized by ecological plasticity, precocity, friendly harvesting. The complex of economically valuable traits allows this hybrid to still occupy large areas in greenhouse plants in Russia and Ukraine.

No less interesting breeding development was the Solveig F1 tomato hybrid with integrated resistance to major diseases.

For the first time in Russia, as far back as the 80s, a group of greenhouse tomato breeding under the leadership of S.F. Gavrish began work on the creation of tomato hybrids whose mature fruits are able to maintain their commercial qualities in room conditions for 4-6 weeks. In the beginning, these were hybrids heterozygous for the nor gene (F1 Tortilla, F1 Rococo, F1 Baroque), but very soon they were replaced by more advanced hybrids heterozygous for the rin gene, with brightly colored, non-cracking fruits (F1 Master, F1 Vladimir, F1 La-la-fa , etc.).

Since 1990, S. F. Gavrish has been combining scientific work with teaching as an assistant professor in the department of selection and seed production of vegetable and fruit crops of the Timiryazev Academy. In 1992, VNIIR them. N.I. Vavilova he defended his doctoral dissertation on the topic “The biological potential of cultivated tomato and its use in breeding varieties for protected ground” and soon became a professor in the department.

Business

In 1993, state funding for research work at universities ceased, and at the same time, the collective of tomato breeders and vegetables of the Vegetable Experimental Station at the Moscow Agricultural Academy merged into a limited liability partnership. Their goal was to continue breeding work, preserve collections of source material, as well as knowledge and experience gained by specialists over the years of work. Thus, the Gavrish Breeding and Seed Production Company was established. Currently, the company "Gavrish" is engaged in the selection and seed production of tomato, cucumber, pepper, eggplant, lettuce, dill, onions and other vegetable and spice-flavoring plants for protected and open ground.

In 2002, the Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Production of Protected Ground was organized and received state accreditation, the director of which is prof. S.F. Gavrish. NIIOZG carries out a lot of work to coordinate the activities of specialists in protected ground in Russia.

Over the decades of scientific activity, he has published more than 100 scientific papers, mainly on the biology, breeding and seed production of tomato.

As the head of research, S.F. Gavrish is a co-author of about 500 varieties and hybrids of various vegetable crops that are or have been included in the State Register of Selection Achievements.

He prepared dozens of graduates, agricultural scientists, fruit growers, 11 candidates of agricultural sciences.

Sergei Fedorovich Gavrish - Member of the Scientific Councils of VNIISSOK and RSAU - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev , has the title of laureate of the All-Russian Exhibition Center.

S. F. Gavrish was awarded the title “Honorary Worker of the Agro-Industrial Complex of Russia”. The Academic Council of the RGAU-Moscow Artists Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev awarded him a medal named after K. A. Timiryazev.

In 2013, for his great contribution to the development of agricultural science, he was awarded the P. Stolypin National Prize “The Agrarian Elite of Russia”.

• Laureates of the prize named after P. A. Stolypin “Agrarian Elite of Russia - 2013”