Sultanay Murza

Initially, the Altyul Murza Sultanay, who suffered from Kalmyk raids, migrated to Astrakhan in 1622 with his uluses, where in November he took the oath of allegiance to the Russian Tsar. In September 1625, with the support of Kanaya Biya, Sultanai Murza was appointed the taiga of the Nogai Horde .

Despite the transition of Sultanai to Russian citizenship, on the river. Embe continued to wander with his ulus by his brother Sheikh Muhammad (Shainek). The Sultanay unsuccessfully called on his brother, Murza Sheikh Mohammed, to relocate to Astrakhan .

In 1627, for his relations with Sheikh Mohammed, Sultanay-murza was ordered by the Astrakhan governor, Prince Yu. P. Buinosov-Rostovsky , to be imprisoned, where he spent three months. At the request of Kanaya Biya, Sultanay was released from custody. In March, after his liberation, Sultanay-murza arrived in his nomads near Astrakhan, where he learned about the tsarist government’s intention to evict him and his family deep into Russia. Sultanay-Murza with his relatives migrated over the river. Yaik and joined his brother Sheikh Mohammed, and most of his ulusniki remained on the Volga. The Astrakhan governor Yuri Buinosov-Rostovsky sent in pursuit of a detachment of 200 archers. The Russians caught up with the altyul on the river. Embe . 60 Nogai were killed in the battle, and Sultanai himself was wounded by an arrow in the back, but was able to flee. The Sultanay began to wander with his brother Sheikh Mohammed . Soon, the Murza Shey-Mohammed and Sultanai entered into negotiations with the Ufa governors, announcing their desire to transfer to Moscow citizenship.

In November 1627, the Astrakhan governors were sent to Altiul uluses with the embassy under the leadership of the boyar’s son, Yakov Bukharov, instructing him to convince the Murz to return to Astrakhan . On the banks of the Emba, 700 Altaiulites surrounded the embassy, ​​killed the translator, and Y. Bukharov himself and his retinue were captured. Bukharov was put on his heels, he was whipped and burned with fire. In February 1628, the boyar’s son, Yakov Bukharov, was redeemed from captivity and returned to Astrakhan . In the same year, by order of the tsarist authorities, the Astrakhan governor organized a new punitive campaign against the Altiul uluses. Over the river The archery emblem and large legs completely defeated and scattered throughout the steppe of altiuls.

The Altiul Murza Sultanay and Sheikh Muhammad, fearing a new punitive attack, decided to relocate from their clan nomads. Sultanay proposed to go under the protection of the Kazakh and Khiva khans , and Sheikh Muhammad wanted to migrate to the possession of the Bukhara khan . A split occurred between the brothers, they began to wander separately from each other.

Soon, numerous and warlike Kalmyk tribes approached the possessions of the Altiuls. Altiul Murza were forced to submit to the Kalmyk Taisha and began to roam with them. Kalmyk detachments under the command of Ukhandar-taishi attacked the nomads of the Sultanai, who were forced to agree to a joint fight with the big legs with the Kalmyks. In 1628/1629, the Altyul Mirza Shey-Mohammed did not submit to the Kalmyk Taishas, ​​moved with his subjects to the south under the protection of the Khiva khans , and his other brother Kulay-Mirza fled to Bukhara .

In the fall of 1628, the Sultanay-Mirza initiated the joint Kalmyk-Altyul raid on the uluses of the Big Nogaev (2000 Kalmyks and 150 Altiuls). In 1628 - 1630 there were several Kalmyk-Altyul raids over the river. Yaik , on the uluses of the Great Legs. Sultanay Mirza acted in them as a guide. In the 1630s, after most of the Nogais moved to the right bank of the Volga, some Altiul Murzes began to wander in the steppes between the Volga and Yaik .

• Trepalov V. V. "History of the Nogai Horde", RAS, Moscow , 2002 ISBN 5-02-018193-5

• Trepalov V.V. “ALTYULS: THE REMAINS OF THE NOGAI HORDE IN THE KAZAKH STEPS”, Bulletin of Eurasia, issue No. 2, 2001