Platerodrilus ( Duliticola ) (lat.) Is a genus of beetles from the family of Red Wing ( Lycidae ), whose wingless females are known as trilobite beetles [1] .
| Platerodrilus | ||||||||||||||||||||
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 Platerodrilus ( Duliticola ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Platerodrilus Pic, 1921 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Content
Name etymology
The previously used Latin generic name Duliticola comes from the name of Mount Dulit on the island of Borneo ( Sarawak , Malaysia ), where these beetles live [2] [3] [4] .
Area
Southeast Asia [1] .
Description
Characterized by a pronounced sexual dimorphism . The females are neotenic (they possess signs of larvae all their life), length - 50-80 mm, wingless. Outside they are covered with large plates similar to the trilobite shell (hence their unusual English name “Trilobite Beetle”). Males are several times smaller (8-10 mm), have a normal appearance ( imago ). Hemolymph poisonous. The males of a number of species are not yet known.
Biology
The females are found in rotten wood, in the forest floor, and the males are found on the flowers with which they feed. In case of danger, the beetles fall into the thornosis (pretend to be dead), while the males open up their elytra.
Males feed on flowers. Previously, entomologists believed that females and larvae of beetles of this genus feed on rotting wood. Then it was believed that the basis of the diet consists of small animals and mushrooms. In 1996 it was found that with the help of modified mandibles adapted only for sucking, they feed on a rich micro-fauna, consisting mainly of rotifers and protozoa , present in juices of rotting wood [5] .
Systematics
The genus Platerodrilus Pic, 1921 was first isolated in 1921 . In 2014, Czech entomologists Michal Masek and Ladislav Botsak (Michal Masek, Ladislav Bocak) conducted a revision of the group, during which new species were described, and the previously known taxon Duliticola was synonymous with the genus Platerodrilus [1] .
Based on genitalia and molecular biology data, the genus is divided into three species groups [1] .
- P. paradoxus group
- Platerodrilus foliaceus Masek & Bocak, 2014
- Platerodrilus paradoxus (Mjöberg, 1925)
- = Duliticola paradoxa Mjöberg, 1925 [6] [7]
- P. major group
- Platerodrilus major Pic, 1921
- Platerodrilus ngi Masek & Bocak, 2014
- Platerodrilus wittmeri Masek & Bocak, 2014
- P. sinuatus group
- Platerodrilus ijenensis Masek & Bocak, 2014
- Platerodrilus luteus Masek & Bocak, 2014
- Platerodrilus maninjauensis Masek & Bocak, 2014
- Platerodrilus montanus Masek & Bocak, 2014
- Platerodrilus palawanensis Masek & Bocak, 2014
- Platerodrilus ranauensis Masek & Bocak, 2014
- Platerodrilus sibayakensis Masek & Bocak, 2014
- Platerodrilus sinabungensis Masek & Bocak, 2014
- Platerodrilus sinuatus Pic, 1921 typus
- Platerodrilus talamauensis Masek & Bocak, 2014
- Platerodrilus tujuhensis Masek & Bocak, 2014
- Other species
- Platerodrilus bicolor (Wittmer, 1966)
- = Platerodriloplesius bicolor Wittmer, 1966
- Platerodrilus crassicornis (Pic, 1923)
- = Platrilus crassicornis (Pic, 1923)
- Platerodrilus hirtus (Wittmer, 1938)
- = Platrilus hirtus (Wittmer, 1938)
- Platerodrilus korinchiana
- Platerodrilus robinsoni Blair, 1928
- Platerodrilus ruficollis (Pic, 1942)
- = Falsocalochromus ruficollis Pic, 1942
- = Duliticola hoiseni Wong, 1996 [8]
- Platerodrilus bicolor (Wittmer, 1966)
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Michal Masek, Ladislav Bocak. The taxonomy and diversity of Platerodrilus (Coleoptera, Lycidae) inferred from morphology of adults and larvae (English) // ZooKeys: Journal. - Sofia: Pensoft Publishers, 2013. - Vol. 426. - P. 29–63. - ISSN 1313-2970 .
- Три Trilobite beetle Duliticola hoiseni Wong, 1996
- ↑ Genus: Duliticola = Trilobite Beetles. Animal World website
- ↑ Lawrence, JF, Hastings, AM, Dallwitz, MJ, Paine, TA, and Zurcher, EJ 2005. Duliticolinae (larviform females) Lycidae . Elateriformia (Coleoptera): descriptions, illustrations, identification, and family information.
- Три Trilobite beetles (Duliticola) Archived March 19, 2014.
- ↑ Mjöberg, E. 1925. The mystery of the so-called "trilobite larvae" or "Perty's larvae" is definitely solved. // Psyche 32: 119–154, pls. 3-4.
- ↑ Duliticola paradoxa. (eol.org)
- ↑ Wong ATC 1996. A new species of neotenous beetle, Duliticola hoiseni (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cantharoidea: Lycidae) from Malaysia and Singapore Peninsula // The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. Vol.41. No.1. P.173-187.
Literature
- Bocák, L .; Bocakova, M. Phylogeny and Lycidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) // Annales zoologici: Journal. - 2008. - Vol. 58, № 4 . - P. 695-720. - ISBN 0003-4541. . doi: 10.3161 / 000345408X396639
- Crowson, RA 1972. A review of the Cantharoidea (Coleoptera), with the definition of two new families, Cneoglossidae and Omethidae. // Revista de la Universidad de Madrid 21 (82): 35–77.
- Kazantsev SV 2003. A generic review of Duliticolinae, new subfamily (Coleoptera, Lycidae) // Elytron. Vol.16 (2002). P.3–19.
- Mjöberg, E. 1925. The mystery of the so-called "trilobite larvae" or "Perty's larvae" is definitely solved. Psyche 32: 119–154, pls. 3-4.
- Ng PKL & Yong HS 1991. “Trilobite larvae” // Nature Malaysiana. Vol.16. No.3 P.94–97.
- Wong ATC 1995. Trilobite larvae: a new understanding // Nature Malaysiana. Vol.20. No.1. P. 24-29.
Links
- Trilobite Beetles (Duliticola)
- "Trilobite beetle" picture
- Video of a trilobite beetle in Laos
- Video of a trilobite beetle in Borneo
- eol.org: Duliticola
- Catalog of Life: Genus Duliticola Verified March 19, 2014.