Mendinho ( gal.-port . Mendinho or Meendinho corresponds to the modern. Galis. Mendiño, Meendiño ) - a 13th-century Galician juggler , a representative of the troubadour school of the Prenenean peninsula .
| Mendinho | |
|---|---|
| Mendinho (Meendinho) | |
| Date of Birth | is unknown |
| Place of Birth | presumably Vigo or Redondela ,  Galicia |
| Date of death | is unknown |
| Nationality | Kingdom of Castile and Leon |
| Occupation | poet , troubadour |
| Direction | courtly poetry |
| Genre | cantiga |
| Language of Works | Galician-Portuguese |
Content
Biography
| External media files | |
|---|---|
| Mendinho - Juggler | |
| Images | |
| [1] Sedia-m'eu na ermida de San Simion . Cantigi Manuscript SB 852 [1] | |
| [2] Sedia-m'eu na ermida de San Simion . Manuscript of the Cantiga CV 438 [2] | |
| Video files | |
| [3] Amalia Rodrigues - Ermida de S. Simeão; LP: Cantigas d'amigos. 1971, Lisboa, Valentim de Carvalho | |
The identity of Mendinho, like many medieval authors of the troubadour school of the Iberian Peninsula , is hidden behind a veil of secrecy. The Portuguese researcher António Resende de Oliveira , having studied the surviving documents, came to the conclusion that none of the persons mentioned in them named Mendinho match our juggler, so nothing is known about his life path [3] . Researchers can only hypothesize the likely birthplace of Mendinho, taking Galician place names as a basis. Possible variations of the name Men, Meen or Mendo ( Men , Meen , Mendo ) are the anthroponyms of southern Galicia . In Pontevedra, one of the medieval streets was called “dos Meendinos”. In addition, near Vigo there is a place called "Mendo" ( O Mendo ). It is likely that these names determined the spelling variants of the name of the juggler:
- from dos Meendinos > Meendinho or modern: Meendiño ;
- from Mendo > Mendinho or at present time: Mendiño [3] .
In the medieval manuscript collections of secular cantigas in the Galician-Portuguese language, “ Songbook of the National Library ” (CB) and “ Songbook of the Vatican ” ( Cancioneiro da Vaticana - CV), the author’s name was written as Meendinho [4] .
The status of the juggler is indicated by the use in the songbooks of only the author’s name without a surname, while the diminutive suffix can also indicate its obscure origin.
Creativity
Only the only song of Mendinho has survived to this day - it is a cantiga about a friend ( cantiga de amigo ) Sedia-m'eu na ermida de San Simion (B 852, V 438). Cantiga can be dated to the end of the XIII or the beginning of the XIV century. Critics unanimously recognize this song as one of the outstanding cantiges in the Galician-Portuguese language, thanks to which Mendinho took a worthy place in the history of Galician literature [5] [3] . The cantigue mentions the chapel of St. Simon . It is very likely that she is the same chapel, which is located on the small island of the same name in Ria Vigo. Therefore, it is considered quite possible that Mendinho was born either in Vigo or in Redondel , located very close to this island.
The song contains a refrain and refers to the cantigas about holy places ( cantigas de santuário ), a subgenre of songs about a friend, since it mentions the chapel of St. Simon ( ermida de San Simion ).
The only song brought the juggler such fame that his name is listed among Galician authors, “without which the poetic anthologies of the European Middle Ages are inconceivable: Pero Meogo, Martin Codax, Mendinho, Fernando Eskio, Airas Nunez , Payo Gomez Charinho, Nuno Fernandez Torneol, Pero da Pono " [6] .
Cantiga of a friend Sedia-m'eu na ermida de San Simion
| Sedia-m 'eu na ermida de San Simion e cercaron-mi as ondas, que grandes son: Estando na ermida ant 'o altar, E cercaron-mi as ondas, que grandes son, E cercaron-mi as ondas do alto mar, Non ei i barqueiro, nen remador, Non ei [i] barqueiro, nen sei remar Cit. By: José Joaquim Nunes, Cantigas d'amigo. n 252, Lisboa 1928. | In the chapel of St. Simeon I stand flood the waves of my chapel. I stand in the chapel, the altar in front of me Fills the chapel with a sea wave Fills with a high wave of the path, I can’t row, and there’s no rower with me, There is no rower, but I can’t row, |
In addition to the traditional reading of manuscript texts ( Teófilo Braga , Varhagen , C. Michaëlis de Vasconcelos , Nunes ), the Italian poetry researcher of the Galician-Portuguese troubadours Giuseppe Tavani proposed his own version of the refrain, which was accepted by many modern scholars [8] . Instead of the traditional two repeating lines, the proposed Tawani refrain consists of one line: Eu atendend'o meu amigo. E verrá? “I am waiting for a friend. Will I wait? ” In a poetic translation by A. Koss [9] . In an incomplete version, the song was performed in modern Portuguese by the Queen of the Fado, Amalia Rodrigues , entitled "Chapel of St. Simon" ( Ermida de S. Simeão ).
Memory
The Day of Galician Literature on May 17, 1998 was dedicated to the memory of Mendinho and two other prominent Galician authors Martún Codás (Codax) and Juan de Cangas . On the island of St. Simon in Ria Vigo, a sculpture is installed in honor of the three great Galician jugglers.
Notes
- ↑ Mendinho. Fontes manuscritas. Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional - B 852 . Instituto de Estudos Medievais, FCSH / NOVA. Date of appeal October 13, 2016.
- ↑ Mendinho. Fontes manuscritas. Cancioneiro da Vaticana - V 438 . Instituto de Estudos Medievais, FCSH / NOVA. Date of appeal October 13, 2016.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Mendinho .
- ↑ Lopes, Graça Videira; Ferreira, Manuel Pedro et al. (2011-), Cantigas Medievais Galego-Portuguesas (base de dados online). Lisboa: Instituto de Estudos Medievais, FCSH / NOVA. Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional - B 852.
- ↑ Poetry of the troubadours, 1995 , Golubeva E. G. Information about the authors, p. 224.
- ↑ Poetry of the Troubadours, 1995 , Jesus Alonso Montero. Foreword, p. eleven.
- ↑ Poetry of the Troubadours, 1995 , Translated by E. Golubev, p. 117-119.
- ↑ Tavani, Giuseppe. “Propostas para unha nova lectura da cantiga de Mendinho”, Grial, T. 26, No. 99, 1988, pp. 59-61.
- ↑ Poetry of the Troubadours, 1995 , Translated by A. Koss, p. 121.
Literature
- Poetry of the troubadours: Anthology of Galician literature / Compiled by: Elena Golubeva , Elena Zernova; Foreword: Jesus Alonso Montero; preparation of texts and afterword: Elena Golubeva. - SPb. : Center for Galician Studies, St. Petersburg State University, with the assistance of ed. "Aletheia", 1995. - 237 p. - ISBN 5-85233-003-14 (erroneous) .
- Lopes, Graça Videira; Ferreira, Manuel Pedro et al. Mendinho (port.) . Cantigas Medievais Galego-Portuguesas . Instituto de Estudos Medievais, FCSH / NOVA. Date of appeal October 13, 2016.
- Mercedes Brea . Mariñas E Romarías Na Ría De Vigo. Revista Galega do Ensino - nº 19 - Maio 1998, pp. 13-37.
Links
- Bibliography on the topic: PhiloBiblon. The Regents of the University of California. 1997-2014 Mendinho (Floruit 1251 - 1300)
- Brief presentation by Ramón Lorenzo Vázquez on Galician Literature Day 1998 [4]