Reutlinger, Alexander Ivanovich ( April 2, 1820 - 1891, Sevastopol ) - a military leader of the Russian Empire of the XIX century. He consistently took part in all the wars that Russia waged in the last 50 years of his life. He was awarded a number of higher orders.
| Reutlinger Alexander Ivanovich | |
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| Occupation | General engineer |
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Content
Biography
Born on April 2, 1820, from the nobles of the Livonia province. Religions - Lutheran .
He served 53 years 5 months 13 days [1] . He was promoted to first officer rank on April 13, 1838. Head of the 2nd Sapper Brigade, Lieutenant General. In a post of 10 years.
With the rank of second lieutenant, he served in the troops of the Caucasian Army and participated in many matters. [ what? ] during the conquest of the Caucasus.
Dismissed in 1888 by the highest decree
with the production of general engineers from the post of chief of the 2nd combat engineer brigade in Vilna.
The widower had a son born on April 25, 1865, whose teacher was Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich the Elder , and daughter Olga, born on June 21, 1860.
He died in 1891, and according to his will, he was buried in the Bratskoye cemetery on the northern side of Sevastopol. The tombstone is a truncated pyramid of gray marble, crowned with a cross with a relief garland, mounted on a stepped granite pedestal. On the pyramid there is a relief image of a wreath and emblem of sappers - pickaxe and sapper shovel. There is a memorial inscription on the pyramid and the sloping pedestal: “Engineer-General Alexander I. Reutlinger. Born April 21, 1820, died. 1891 May 25, 1855 with the rank of captain 5 glanders. ”a battalion on the 3rd bastion was wounded by a bullet in the head”. On the reverse side in German there is an inscription: “General Reutlinger”. On the monument in a round medallion was a portrait of the general, now lost.
Study and Service
He was brought up in the conductor company of the main engineering school and was promoted to the rank of engineer-ensign.
- 1840 was released into active military service, until the end of the full course of sciences of the engineering officer class;
- November 22, 1840 he was sent to the Sevastopol Engineering Team;
- April 23, 1842 transferred to the Tiflis engineering team;
- for differences in battles against the Turks, the British, and the French, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel with deduction to the 5th combat battalion from 1855.
Campaigning
In 1855, he fought in the Crimea against the troops of Turks, British, French and Sardinians.
In the second campaign, from March 24 to April 8, Reutlinger served in the northern fortification under the chief of engineers of the Southern Army and the Naval Land and Naval Forces in Crimea. On April 8, with the permission of the chief of engineers, he was placed at the disposal of the Adjutant General E. I. Totleben , who was in charge of the defense of Sevastopol. By order of Totleben, he went on the same day to carry out engineering work on Malakhov Kurgan, where he remained until April 18. April 18, was appointed head of engineering at the 3rd branch of the defensive line of Sevastopol. Under his leadership, both lodgment lines in front of the 3rd bastion were converted into common trenches. From April 23 to 24, he participated in an attack by hunters of the Volyn and Minsk infantry regiments on English trenches opposite the 3rd bastion.
- From April 21 to 28, he participated in the reflection of the English from the lodgements in front of the 3rd bastion.
- From April 29 to 30, he participated in a sortie of hunters of a jaeger regiment, who knocked out the British from trenches near the Green Mountain.
- On April 30 and on the night of May 30 to 1, he participated in works at the 3rd branch of the defensive line of Sevastopol.
- May 6 was under the strongest artillery and choke fire of the enemy.
- From May 6 to 7, he participated in a sortie of hunters of the 30th naval crew during the breaking of lodges near the Green Mountain.
- May 10 and the night of May 10 to 11 was under the strongest artillery and choke fire of the enemy.
May 26, 1855 participated in the case with the British, who attacked the counter-apros of the 3rd bastion. After Captain 1st Rank Budischev was wounded and captured, and the commander of the Kamchatka Regiment's battalion, Major Khomenko, was killed, the Russian companies, having lost the chief, mixed up and began to retreat, but were stopped by Captain Reutlinger. Having put the troops in order, he attacked the British, crushed them and freed Captain 1st Rank Budishchev, but was himself wounded in the head. After this, the new British onslaught forced the Russian troops to retreat beyond the defensive line.
On May 26, he was sent to heal a wound on the north side of Sevastopol, where he remained until June 15, 1855.
For courage in the defense of Sevastopol from March 24 to July 15, 1855 for 2 months and 21 days, he was added to the general service for two years, 5 months and 21 days.
In the Hungarian campaign of 1848-1849 he was part of the troops that occupied Hungary. He took part in campaigns during the occupation of the Danube principalities in 1850. In the war of 1853-1856 he was in the detachment of Adjutant General Leaders during the crossing to the right bank of the Danube, then during the siege of Silistra , where he was in charge of part of the siege work, and, finally, during the defense of Sevastopol , where he was wounded by a bullet in the head.
During the suppression of the Polish uprising in 1863, commanding independent detachments several times, he defeated individual gangs of rebels, including the Levantovsky gang in the Olshansky forest, and finally participated in all periods of the Russo-Turkish war . Being part of the troops besieging Plevna , he was appointed chief of the engineers of this detachment and, taking into account the courage and discretion during fortification during the siege of the Plevna fortified positions, was mercifully awarded a gold sword decorated with diamonds.
Rewards
- Order of the White Eagle (Russian Empire) ;
- Order of St. Vladimir 2 and 3 degrees and 4 degrees with a bow;
- Order of St. Anne 1st degree with the imperial crown;
- Order of St. Anne of the 2nd degree with a sword decorated with the Imperial crown;
- Order of St. Stanislav 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree with a sword and bow;
- Order of the Austrian Iron Crown 3rd degree.
The cross for service in the Caucasus and being in a real battle with the highlanders; Iron Cross for crossing the Danube in 1844; silver medal for pacifying Hungary and Transylvania in 1849; For the defense of Sevastopol 1854-1855; bronze medal "In memory of the war of 1853-1856"; light bronze medal "For the suppression of the Polish rebellion of 1863-1864"; light bronze medal "In memory of the Turkish War of 1877-1878"; insignia for 15 years of immaculate service; insignia for 40 years of immaculate service; The imperial sign of the red cross in memory of the war of 1877-1878.
Weapons
- He had a golden sword decorated with diamonds, with the inscription "For courage";
- He had a golden saber with the inscription "For courage."
Other Acknowledgments
In addition to orders, he was repeatedly awarded nominal royal favors, and for the excellent condition of the unit entrusted to him in 1886, the highest gratitude was declared - instead of a legal pension of 1,430 rubles per year, a life pension from the State Treasury was awarded for the rank of general from infantry, the size of two thousand rubles a year.
In addition, he was supremely allowed to wear a cap instead of a shako , to relieve headaches from a wound.
Notes
- ↑ According to the presentation "On dismissal from service."
Literature
- Russian State Military Historical Archive. Fund 400, inventory 17, file 3202, sheet 17-28, year 1888.
- P.F. Rerberg. Sevastopol - participants in the 11-month defense of Sevastopol in 1854-1855. - Issue 2. - 31 s.