Walter I de Clifford ( Walter I de Clifford ), also known as Walter Fitz-Richard ( born Walter Fitz Richard ; d. 1190 ) - English landowner, the son of Richard Fitz-Pons and Matilda Fitz-Walter. Walter was the first member of the family who owned Clifford Castle , according to which the descendants of Walter wore the Clifford patronym. Walter was also the lord of Bronlis Castle on the Anglo-Welsh border [1] .
| Walter I de Clifford | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| English Walter i de clifford | |||||||
| |||||||
| Predecessor | Raul IV de Tony (?) | ||||||
| Successor | Walter II de Clifford | ||||||
| Birth | |||||||
| Death | 1190 | ||||||
| Birth name | Walter Fitz-Richard | ||||||
| Father | Richard Fitz Pons | ||||||
| Mother | Matilda Fitz-Walter | ||||||
| Spouse | Margaret (de Tosni?) | ||||||
| Children | sons : Walter II , Richard, Simon, Gilles, William | ||||||
Content
Biography
Walter came from the Anglo-Norman clan of the Fitz-Pons, who, after the Norman conquest, received estates in Herefordshire , Berkshire and several other areas. His father, Richard Fitz-Pons, probably died between 1127 and 1129, after which Walter inherited his possessions. He also received the possession of two brothers of his father - Walter and Drogo Fitz-Ponce [2] .
Initially, Walter wore the Fitz-Richard patronym. For the first time in the sources it is mentioned in a charter dated around 1127. The Treasury Scroll of 1130 places Walter in Gloucestershire. King Stefan's charter, dated 1138, reports on Walter's donation to St. Peter's Monastery in Gloucester. In this charter, Walter was first mentioned with the patron de Clifford, who eventually became the name of the Clifford family [2] [3] .
The circumstances in which Walter obtained possession of Clifford Castle in Herefordshire have not been documented. It is known that in 1075 the castle was ruled by Raul II de Tosni on behalf of the king. According to one version, Walter received the castle as a dowry for his wife Margaret, who may have been the daughter of Raul IV de Tosni . Another castle was owned by Matilda Fitz-Walter, Walter's mother, from whom he inherited it [2] .
In the Welsh chronicle, Walter de Clifford is referred to as the lord of Llandovery Castle. In 1157-1959, he ravaged the lands of Rhys ap Grifid , who complained to King Henry II Plantagenet about this , but his complaint was ignored. The Annals of Cumbria , in a record under 1164, reports that Walter Clifford killed Kadugan, the son of Maredut. [2]
In the middle of the reign of Henry II, Walter de Clifford received a number of estates in Shropshire . His daughter, Rosamund Clifford , was a royal mistress in 1166–1176. Walter de Clifford is also known as a philanthropist of a number of monasteries, in particular Hogmond, Dor, Godstow [2] .
Walter died in 1190. He was succeeded by the eldest son Walter II de Clifford .
Marriage and children
Wife: Margaret (d. 1185), possibly the daughter of Raul IV de Tosni and Adeleise of Huntington. Children:
- (?) Amicia ; husband: Osbjorn Fitz Hugh (d. after August 1180)
- Lucy husband: Hugo de Say I (d. 1190)
- Walter II de Clifford (d. August 1213), Herefordshire Sheriff
- William de Clifford (d. After 1198)
- Richard de Clifford (d. January 23, 1221), founder of Clifford of Frempton
- William de Clifford (d. After 1198)
- Rosamund de Clifford (d. 1176), mistress of the King of England Henry II Plantagenet
Notes
- ↑ Bronllys Castle . Castles of Wales. Date of treatment March 1, 2014.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Archer Thomas Andrew. Clifford, Walter de // Dictionary of National Biography . - 1887. - Vol. 11. - P. 81-82.
- ↑ Clifford . Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Date of treatment March 1, 2014.
Literature
- Archer Thomas Andrew. Clifford, Walter de // Dictionary of National Biography . - 1887. - Vol. 11. - P. 81-82.
- Suppe Frederick. Clifford, Walter de (d. 1190) // Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. - Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004-2014.
Links
- Clifford Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Date of treatment March 1, 2014.
- Walter fitz Richard fitz Pons . thePeerage.com. Date of treatment March 1, 2014.