Trident (organization)

The date of establishment of the organization is October 14, 1993. For many years, its founder and leader was a linguist and a writer, associate professor of the Drohobych Pedagogical University Vasily Ivanyshyn .

In the early years, the Trident was the power wing of the Congress of Ukrainian nationalists (hence its symbol — the cross-sword and the trident in the circle). In 1999, Trident retired from KUN and separated into an independent organization headed by “Colonel” Dmitry Yarosh ^[7] .

The ideological leaders of the organization are Yevgeny Konovalets , Stepan Bandera , Roman Shukhevych ^[5] .

The leaders of the organization after the death of Vasily Ivanishin (2007) are Dmitry Yarosh and Andrey Stempitsky (in Ukrainian Andriy Stempitsky ) ^{[8] [9]} .

Among other prominent activists of the organization are members of the Ternopil Union of Officers, Yevhen Fil ( ukr. Yevgen Fil ) and Ivan Suta ( ukr. Ivan Suta ) ^[10] . Dmitry Yarosh himself, pointing out in an interview that there are not only practitioners in the organization, but also educated theorists, mentions ^[8] Sergey Kvit , rector of the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy , and Peter Ivanishin , head of the department of Drohobych Pedagogical University:

In general, the "Trident" is a narrow-functional organization of the order type. We have three specific objectives: the propaganda of the ideology of Ukrainian nationalism in the interpretation of Stepan Bandera; education of Ukrainian youth in the spirit of patriotism; and national defense activities, that is, the protection of the honor and dignity of the Ukrainian nation, in any conditions by all available methods and methods.
In general, Ukrainian nationalism and Bandera are not narrow-minded plebeians with sadistic inclinations, they are intellectuals, people who write, who publish, who work not only in the force field. “Trident” is an organization that produces certain ideas ^[8] .

On July 23, 1997, the Ternopil Regional Court sentenced one of the leaders of Trizub, Ivan Sutu, to two years of imprisonment on Article 187-6 for creating an illegal paramilitary group. On November 16, 1998, the Lviv Regional Court sentenced activists of the local Trizub Yevhen Fil and V. Derevlyanko to short terms of imprisonment for organizing acts of civil disobedience. At the same time, the definition of the court itself “Trident” was recognized as an illegal paramilitary unit, subject to liquidation. However, on February 23, 1999, the Supreme Court, which reviewed the case, leaving the verdict of the “activists” in force, sent for further investigation a decision recognizing Trizub as illegal and militarized ^[11] .

For the first time during the presidential elections of 1999, the Trident organization came out in support of Leonid Kuchma , motivating this with the need to counter the communist threat, personalized as the leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine, Peter Simonenko . In its campaign leaflets, Trident called Kuchma “a real Ukrainian sovereign,” which undermined the reputation of Trident and outraged many radical nationalists. In 2001, during the “ Ukraine without Kuchma ” actions, the newspaper “Banderovets” strongly criticized the protesters, and the activists of “Trizub” attacked columns of the Communist Party of Ukraine and SPU ^[7] .

In January 2011, the organization’s leadership was detained and arrested in the case of the undermining of the monument to Stalin in the Zaporizhia Regional Committee of the Communist Party - the head of the Central Wire Andrei Stempitsky, his son Philip Stempitsky, Roman Khmara, Edward Andryushchenko, the former Head of the Central Wire Dmitry Yarosh, were arrested First Deputy Head of the Central Wire Andrei Tarasenko, Chairman of the Ukrainian Branch of the Anti-Imperial Front Rostislav Vinar, Chairman of the Dnipropetrovsk Regional Organ Sergey Borisenko, chairman of the Ternopil regional organization ^{[12] [13]} .

In November-December 2013, Trident served as the backbone of the Right Sector right -wing organization formed during the Euromaidan , while Dmitry Yarosh himself headed the new association ^[2] . In Russia, the Investigative Committee initiated a criminal case against Dmitry Yarosh “for public calls for terrorist activities using the media,” and later the Basmanny Court issued a sanction for the arrest in absentia of Yarosh. Yarosh himself denies the accusations, and the call to Doku Umarov on his VKontakte page explains him with an account hacking by unknown persons ^[14] .

On March 11, 2014, the Supreme Council of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea prohibited the activities of “Trizub” and other nationalist groups within the Right Sector extremist right-wing group, as well as VO Svoboda, whose members actively participated in the riots in Kiev, on the territory of the republic. According to the Supreme Council, their activities threaten the life and safety of the inhabitants of Crimea ^[15] .

“The Declaration of Nationalist Principles” on the organization’s official website criticizes “humanists”, who “through Jacobinism, socialism and social democracy reached national-socialism and communism”. The “fifth column” that “implements the internal occupation regime ” is called “red”, center-left parties, centrist, center-right, democratic, national democratic, as well as “even nationalist organizations that serve alien and cosmopolitan transnational oligarchic capital of criminal origin”.

Representatives of other nationalities declare an attitude consistent with the definition of Stepan Bandera: “ sister city ” (if they are fighting for the national Ukrainian state), “ tolerant ” (if they recognize the rights of Ukrainians “to be masters on their land”), “ hostile ” (to those who opposes national rebirth) ^[16] . The attitude to state laws is the following: “the national idea is above the law”. The Declaration includes the program documents of the OUN : “Decalogue of the Ukrainian nationalist” by Stepan Lenkavsky , “12 will take the character of the Ukrainian nationalist” Osip Mashchak, “44 rules of the life of the Ukrainian nationalist” Zenon Kossak ^[4] .

The settlement of Europe by representatives of “other races” is called “a threat to the existence of European nations”, since, according to the nationalists, the race is the basis of the ethnos, its “body”. To resist this, it is necessary to strike at individuals or institutions that “ensure the ousting of Ukrainians by migrants”; Ukrainians "have the legal right to resist migrants who are engaged in drug trafficking, condescendingly refer to local people and have sex with local women." For example, Trizub supported the participants in the attack on the campus in Kharkov in June 2015, as a result of which several random foreign citizens and citizens of Ukraine were in the hospital with severe injuries and two people were killed ^{[17] [18]} .

At Trizub, serious attention is paid not only to general physical, but also to ideological training of supporters. In particular, the ideas of Christianity are being actively promoted as inseparable from nationalism ^[19] .

The Declaration of Nationalist Principles states that "Almighty God made us Ukrainians, the Ukrainian nation."

In one of the articles posted on the organization’s website, the author, referring to the theme of the medieval crusades for the faith and degeneration of modern Europe, speaks of the need for a new “ reconquest ” because “the Kingdom of Heaven is filled with power!” ^[20] .

At the same time, in the Declaration of Nationalist Principles, along with the imperative of Christianity, there is a place for the principles of ecumenism , which unites Christianity, Islam and Judaism: in the Single God "with further quotation from the Quran - Sura 2.59 (62):

Voistin, ti, yakі uvіruvali, і tі, hto swelled in judeystvo, і christiyani, і sabії, yakі uvіruvali in Allah і on the rest of the day і worked good, - їm іх town with the Lord їх, they didn’t look for them, they didn’t see them. opechaleni.

- ^[21]

The name of the organization coincides with the unofficial name of the Small Coat of Arms of Ukraine , the main element of which resembles a trident . This sign is sometimes called “trident” and, according to the rules of Russian spelling, was written and written in e ^{[22] [23]} . In Ukrainian , the name of this symbol is written as “tr and tooth” ^[24] , where [ and ] are respectively pronounced as a vowel of the middle tier , close to Russian [ s ]. Due to the proximity of two languages ​​and almost identical alphabets in the modern Russian media , the variant with the Ukrainian writing and the Russian reading of the word has spread.

The emblem of the organization is the “Christ of the sword and trident”, as on the emblem of the OUN ^[25] .

• Alexander Volodarsky. "Trident named Stepan Bandera": patriots - terrorists !!! (Neopr.) Politburo: events, facts, comments (February 10, 2011). The appeal date is February 1, 2014.
• Former and current head of the Security Service of Ukraine V. Nalyvaichenko welcomes Trident
• S. Byshok , A. Kochetkov . Neonazis & Euromaidan: From Democracy to Dictatorship . ISBN 978-5-8041-0709-4
• S. Byshok, A. Kochetkov. Euromaidan named after Stepan Bandera. From democracy to dictatorship. Second edition. M .: Book World, Frigo "People's Diplomacy", 2014