Struchkov, Viktor Ivanovich

Born on July 30 [ August 12 ] in 1907 in the town of Ryazhsk (now Ryazan Region ) in a peasant family.

In 1931 he graduated from the 2nd Moscow Medical Institute . Since 1931 - in the Red Army . In 1932, he was demobilized as a resident surgeon, then head of the surgical department at the Voskresensk inter-district hospital ( Moscow region ).

Member of the Great Patriotic War since July 1941 . He worked in the medical sanitary battalion of the rifle division as a leading surgeon, then as a chief inspector, as a specialist doctor in the Directorate of Field Evacuation Units of the 21st Army on the Bryansk and South-Western Fronts .

From July 1942 - army surgeon of the 13th army in the Bryansk and the 1st Ukrainian fronts . A member of a number of battles and operations, among them: the Battle of Kursk , the crossing of the Dnieper , Proskurov-Chernivtsi , the Lvov-Sandomir operation , the Vistula-Oder operation , the Berlin operation , the Prague offensive operation .

Pods wrote several works on military surgery: "The organization of the receiving and evacuation sorting of the wounded" ( 1944 ), "Analysis of mortality in penetrating wounds of the chest" ( 1945 ), "The experience of neurosurgical assistance in the army" ( 1945 ). In the multivolume edition of The Experience of Soviet Medicine in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945, Pods became the author of the chapters on "Fresh Wounded Vessels and Their Complications", "Wounds of Chest Wall Vessels" and "General Principles of Operations for Primary Bleeding."

In 1946 he defended his thesis on the topic "Open pneumothorax in a military and army area during defensive and offensive operations." The topic of his doctoral dissertation, which he defended in 1949, was “Surgical specialized assistance in the army in the offensive.”

In 1946 he went to the reserve in the rank of lieutenant colonel of the medical service , in the same year he became an assistant at the hospital surgical clinic, then an assistant professor in the department of operative surgery. In 1951, Struchkov became a professor , and in 1953 he headed the Department of General Surgery of the 1st Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov .

From 1949 to 1965 - Chief Surgeon of the Ministry of Health of the USSR .

The work of V.I. Struchkov after the war was devoted to the development of problems of surgery of the lungs and pleura , abdominal organs , purulent surgery, the use of endoscopic examination; he managed to develop a clinical classification of suppurative lung diseases, indications and contraindications for operations on the lungs, methods for treating the bronchial stump, non-surgical treatment of acute pulmonary abscesses.

In 1965 he was elected a full member ( academician ) of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR .

The department under the direction of Struchkov actively studied issues of traumatic brain injury, treatment of fractures of tubular bones, as well as sepsis , thrombophlebitis , the use of antibiotics in purulent surgery.

In total, over 400 scientific papers by Struchkov were published, including 33 monographs. His textbook "General Surgery" passed through five editions, was awarded the State Prize of the USSR and was translated into many foreign languages. Viktor Ivanovich brought up more than 45 doctors and 140 candidates of medical sciences.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of July 29, 1977, Viktor Ivanovich Struchkov was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor .

Led an active social work. From 1966 to 1976 he was the academician-secretary of the Presidium of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR . He was the first deputy chairman of the board of the All-Union Scientific Society of Surgeons, an honorary member of many republican and regional societies of surgeons, as well as surgical societies in other countries, and the editor-in-chief of the journal Chest Surgery.

He lived and worked in Moscow . He died on December 25, 1988 . He was buried at the Kuntsevo cemetery .

• Medal "Hammer and Sickle"
• Two Orders of Lenin
• Order of the October Revolution
• Order of the Red Banner
• Order of the Patriotic War, I degree
• Two orders of World War II degree
• Two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor
• Order of Friendship of Peoples
• Order of the Red Star
• Lenin Prize ( 1961 ) - for the development and introduction into a wide medical practice of original methods of surgical treatment of diseases of the lungs
• USSR State Prize ( 1975 ) - for the textbook “General Surgery”
• Award named after S. I. Spasokukotsky of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR (co-author) - for the monograph “Tumors of the lungs
• Honored Scientist of the RSFSR ( 1963 )
• Honorary Member of the J. Purkinje Medical Society ( Czechoslovakia )
• medals

• Military doctors - participants of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. - SPb. 1995
• Kuzmin MK Medical Scientists - Heroes of Socialist Labor. - M. , 1988.

Struchkov, Viktor Ivanovich (Rus.) . The site " Heroes of the country ."

• Viktor Ivanovich Struchkov // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 t.] / Ch. ed. A. M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.