Ukrainians in Moldova

The Slavs of the Pruto - Dniester region, together with the Wallachians , which appeared as a compact ethnic group in the middle of the XIV century , and the Rusyns of Semigrad Rus ( Transylvania ) created the Principality of Moldova . In the XIV century, they accounted for 39.5% of the inhabitants of this principality. Almost all governors of the initial period of Moldavian history - Dragosh , Bogdan I , Bogdan II , Lacko and others bore Slavic names. The Novgorod and Voskresensky annals testify to the large number of Slavic population of the principality, which lists the cities of the late XIV - early XV centuries , including those located in the lands that had by that time been part of the Moldavian principality : “And all the names are with all Russian, distant and near towns: On Danube: Vidychev grad, about seven walls of stone; Mdin. And about this country of Duna: Ternov, that lies holy Friday. And on the Danube: Drestvin, Dichin, Kilia. And to the mouth of the Duna: A new village, Akolyakra. At sea: Karna, Kavarna. And on the Sey side of the Dunaa, on the mouth of the Dniester over the sea: Belgorod, Chern, Yaskyi bargaining on the Prut River, Romanov bargaining, Romanov bargaining in Moldova, Nemech in the mountains, Korochyunov Kamen, Sochiava, Seret, Banya, Chechun, Kolomyia, Cheremosh town . On the Dniester Hoten. "

Eastern Slavs, according to Romanian researcher Margareta Stefanescu, left a total of 548 names with purely Slavic roots and 321 names with a Slavic suffix in the Principality of Moldova, which were especially widespread in Bukovina (174 names), in Northern Moldova and Northern Bessarabia .

The Slavs played a significant role in the ethnogenesis of the Moldavian people. The anthropologist M.S. Velikanova noted that in the appearance of Moldavians there are features that have a clearly expressed East Slavic orientation. The Slavs also had a huge impact on the formation of the spiritual and material culture of Moldavians, influenced their national clothes, the Moldavian language contains about 2 thousand East Slavic borrowings.

Some Slavs assimilated with the Moldavians, but another part, living in the north and northeast of the Moldavian principality, managed to maintain its Slavic identity and called itself Rusyns or Rusnaks. At the beginning of the 20th century, researchers emphasized the cultural and linguistic features of this ethnic group, its difference from Moldavians, Great Russians and Little Russians .

But during the existence of the USSR , it was argued that the Ruthenians were the ancestors of one of the groups of the Ukrainian people, that the Ruthenian settlements in the Sorok and Balti districts of the Bessarabian province lost their original culture by the middle of the 19th century and merged with the Moldavian, although this is refuted by the results of the censuses, in particular, the 1989 census g. , showing the presence of a large number of settlements in the north of Moldova with a predominance of the Ukrainian population ^[3] .

In Moldova, there are currently more than 300 settlements in which the Ukrainian population makes up the majority, the bulk of the Ukrainian population is concentrated in the northern and eastern regions. More than 180,981 people were native speakers of the Ukrainian language in Moldova in 2004.

Since the late 1980s and early 1990s, in Moldavia , a number of schools introduced the Ukrainian language and literature as separate subjects, and experimental classes were created in which the educational process is carried out in the Ukrainian language. In the 2006-2007 academic year, the Ukrainian language was studied in 57 educational institutions of Moldova without taking into account Transnistria , in addition, the Ukrainian language is studied in more than 30 educational institutions of Transnistria.

The Teleradio-Moldova company regularly broadcasts Ukrainian television and radio broadcasts throughout the country, and broadcasts from Ukrainian television and radio companies are relayed on the territory of Moldova.

In Chisinau, there is a Ukrainian cultural and educational center, at which the museum “Ukrainians in the Culture of Moldova” is open, and also a “Sunday School”, which studies the Ukrainian language and culture of Ukrainians, the history of Ukraine, has been constantly functioning (since 1999). The Institute of Interethnic Studies of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova has a Department of History, Language and Culture of the Ukrainian Population of Moldova, established in 1991.

Ukrainians living in the territory of the unrecognized Transnistrian Moldavian Republic are one of the three main nationalities of the republic, along with Moldovans and Russians. According to the 2004 census, there were 160,069 Ukrainians (28.8%) in the PMR , who made up a third of the population of Tiraspol , almost half of the population of Rybnitsa (45.4%) and Kamensky (42.6%) districts and a significant part of the population of other regions of the republic ^[2] :

Culture, Education, Organizations, and Media of the Ukrainian Diaspora in Transdniestria

The Ukrainian language , according to the Constitution of the unrecognized PMR, is one of the three official languages ​​of the republic ^[4] .

The largest organization of the Ukrainian diaspora is the Union of Ukrainians of Transnistria , in addition, there are a number of educational institutions ^[4] :

• Ukrainian Lyceum in Tiraspol
• Ukrainian gymnasium named after Ivan Kotlyarevsky in Bender
• secondary school named after Lesya Ukrainka in Rybnitsa
• two elementary schools
• Department of Ukrainian Language and Literature at the Transnistrian State University named after Taras Shevchenko

The weekly Ukrainian-language newspaper "Gomon" is published, there is Ukrainian television and radio broadcasting.

• Pestrá Evropa. Ukrajinci v Moldávii (Czech) . Google My Maps . - Map of the places of residence of the Ukrainian population in Moldova . Date of treatment January 7, 2019.
• Ukrainians in the Republic of Moldova (Russian) . "Bukovina is tolerant . " Date of treatment January 7, 2019. Archived July 7, 2012.
• Rusyns of Moldova → About us (Russian) . Rusyn.Md . Date of treatment January 7, 2019. Archived August 31, 2018.
• Catherine Banaru Ukrainians in Moldova. View of the scientist (Russian) (inaccessible link) . Moldova Noastra (October 13, 2005). - Interview with a doctor of history , head. Ukrainian Studies Department of the Institute of Interethnic Studies of the ASM, Chairman of the Ukrainian community of the city of Chisinau, Viktor Kozhuhary . Date of treatment January 7, 2019. Archived February 21, 2014.