Nuri is a settlement in Sudan on the eastern (strictly speaking, southern in this area) bank of the Nile . Near the settlement are the pyramids of the Nubian kings. 15 km from Nuri in the south is the village of Sanam , 10 km lies Jebel Barkal .
| Ancient city | |
| Nuri | |
|---|---|
The earliest pyramid (Nu. 1) belongs to the pharaoh Taharka . His follower Pharaoh Tanuatamon is not buried in Nuri, but all subsequent pharaohs of Nubia until Nastasen (c. 330 BC) with numerous wives were buried in Nuri [1] . The Nuri pyramids are much smaller than the famous Egyptian ones, many of the pyramids are in ruined condition, but many burials were not plundered.
Since the advent of Christianity in these areas, a church has been built in Nuri [2] . For its construction, stones from the pyramids were used, as well as several steles .
The first scientific excavations of the pyramids were carried out by George Reisner .
The Nuri pyramids along with the archaeological sites of Jebel Barkal and its environs in 2003 received UNESCO World Heritage status [3] - object No. 1073 [1] .
Burials of Nuri
Burials of members of the royal families of the kingdom of Kush are located in Nuri, El Kurru , Meroe and Jebel Barkale [4] .
The Nuri pyramids are located on two separate plateaus. The Taharka Pyramid is the highest point of the western plateau. The pyramids of the other kings are on the eastern plateau. The royal women’s pyramids are located on the western plateau starting from the Taharka pyramid. These pyramids are divided into three groups: (1) A group of pyramids southwest of the Taharka pyramid; (2) Two parallel pyramid lines north of the Taharka pyramid; (3) A group of burials away from the Taharka pyramid in the north, but on the same plateau.
The burial places of queen mothers are usually in the first group, the burial places of the wives of the pharaohs are located in the second group, the third group contains the burial places of the concubines and secondary wives of the pharaohs [5] .
- Nuri 1 - Pharaoh Taharka
- Nuri 2 - Pharaoh Amaniastabark
- Nuri 3 - Pharaoh Senkamanisken
- Nuri 4 - Pharaoh of Siaspica
- Nuri 5 - Pharaoh Melenaken
- Nuri 6 - Pharaoh Anlamani , son of Pharaoh Senkamanisken
- Nuri 7 - Pharaoh Karkamani
- Nuri 8 - Pharaoh Aspelt , son of Pharaoh Senkamanisken and Queen Nasalsa
- Nuri 9 - Pharaoh Amatalka , son of Aspelt
- Nuri 10 - Pharaoh Amaninatakilebe
- Nuri 11 - Pharaoh Malieviebamani
- Nuri 12 - Pharaoh Amaninetieerike , son of Pharaoh Malieviebamani
- Nuri 13 - Pharaoh Gorsiotef
- Nuri 14 - Pharaoh Ahratan
- Nuri 15 - Pharaoh Nastasen
- Nuri 16 - Pharaoh Talakamani
- Nuri 17 - Pharaoh Baskakeren , the son of Pharaoh Malieviebamani
- Nuri 18 - Pharaoh Analmai
- Nuri 19 - Pharaoh Nasahma
- Nuri 20 - Pharaoh Atlaners , son of Pharaoh Taharka (or possibly Tanuatamon )
- Nuri 21 - (Possibly) Takahatenanum , queen, wife of pharaoh taharka
- Nuri 22 - (Possibly) Amanimalel, Queen, Wife of Pharaoh Senkamanisken
- Nuri 23 - Masalay, possibly the queen, perhaps the wife of Pharaoh Senkamanisken
- Nuri 24 - Queen of Nasals . daughter of Atlaners , wife of Pharaoh Senkamanisken
- Nuri 25 - Maletharal II, possibly the Queen, burial of the times of the pharaoh Amaninatakilebe
- Nuri 26 - Queen Amanitakaye , daughter of Pharaoh Aspelt , sister and wife of Pharaoh Amatalka , mother of Pharaoh Melenaken
- Nuri 27 - Queen Madiken, wife of Pharaoh Anlamani
- Nuri 28 - Queen Henutahebi [t], wife of Pharaoh Aspelt
- Nuri 29 - (Perhaps the queen) Plankheky, perhaps the wife of Pharaoh Siaspik
- Nuri 31 - Queen Saka-aye , possibly the mother of Pharaoh Malieviebamani
- Nuri 32 - Queen Ahrasan, possibly the wife of Pharaoh Malieviebamani
- Nuri 34 - Queen Henutirdis, burial of the times of the pharaoh Gorsiotef
- Nuri 35 - (Possibly the Queen) Abar , wife of Pharaoh Pianhi , mother of Pharaoh Taharka
- Nuri 36 - Queen Atahebasken , wife of Pharaoh Taharka
- Nuri 38 - Queen Ahe [I], daughter of Pharaoh Aspelt , wife of Pharaoh Amatalk
- Nuri 39 - Queen Maletasen , wife of Pharaoh Amatalka
- Nuri 40 - Queen Mekemale, possibly the wife of Pharaoh Aspelt
- Nuri 41 - Queen Malotaral (?), Wife of the pharaoh Atlaners
- Nuri 42 - Queen Asat, wife of Pharaoh Aspelt
- Nuri 44 - Queen Batahialiye , wife of Pharaoh Gorsiotef
- Nuri 45 - Queen Tagtal (?), Wife of Pharaoh Melenaken
- Nuri 43 - Queen of Iteturov , the sister and wife of the pharaoh Atlaners
- Nuri 55 - Queen Atamataka , wife of Pharaoh Amatalka
- Nuri 56 - (Possibly) Queen Sakhmakh , wife of Pharaoh Nastasen
- Nuri 57 - Queen Piankher (?), Wife of Pharaoh Amatalk
- Nuri 58 - Queen of Arthah, wife of Pharaoh Aspelt
- Nuri 59 - Queen Malake, possibly the wife of Pharaoh Tanuatamon
- Nuri 61 - Queen Antasamale, possibly the wife of the pharaoh Amaninetierique
Notes
- ↑ Compare the list in Derek A. Welsby: The Kingdom of Kush. British Museum Press , London 1996, pp. 207-208 ISBN 0-7141-0986-X
- ↑ Dunham, The Royal Cemeteries of Kush II, Nuri , fig. 216
- ↑ Gebel Barkal and the Sites of the Napatan Region at UNESCO.org
- ↑ Dows Dunham and MF Laming Macadam, Names and Relationships of the Royal Family of Napata, The Journal of Egyptian Archeology, Vol. 35 (Dec., 1949), pp. 139-149
- ↑ Angelika Lohwasser, Queenship in Kush: Status, Role and Ideology of Royal Women, Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt, Vol. 38 (2001), pp. 61-76