Executive device ( actuator , actuator , actuator ) - a functional element of the automatic control system that acts on the object, changing the flow of energy or materials that are supplied to the object. Most actuators have a mechanical or electrical output. [one]
It consists of two functional blocks: an actuator (if the actuator is mechanical, it is often called an actuator ) and a regulatory body, such as a control valve , and can be equipped with additional units [2] .
In the theory of automatic control , an executive device is understood to mean a device that transmits the effect from the control device to the control object . Sometimes considered as an integral part of the control object. The control device can be any dynamic system .
The input and output signals of the actuators, as well as their methods of influencing the control object, can have a different physical nature.
Examples and Application
Examples of actuators:
- In technology, actuators are converters that convert an input signal ( electrical , optical , mechanical , pneumatic , etc.) into an output signal (usually into motion) that affects the control object.
Devices of this type include: electric motors , electric , pneumatic or hydraulic drives, relay devices, electrostatic motors ( Eng. Comb drive ), DMD mirrors and electroactive polymers , clutching mechanisms of robots , drives of their moving parts, including solenoid drives and actuators of the type " voice coil ”( English Voice coil ), as well as many others.
- Virtual (software) devices use actuators and sensors to interact with real-world objects. Using sensors, the signal is transmitted to a virtual device, processed and issued to the real world using various types of actuators.
See also
- Steering machine
- Drive unit
- Mover
- IO-Link is an industrial interface for controlling intelligent discrete devices.
Notes
- ↑ Executive element // Encyclopedia of modern technology. Automation of production and industrial electronics. Volume 1 (A - I) —M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1962
- ↑ GOST 14691-69 "Executive devices for automatic control systems."
Literature
- James R. Carstens. Automatic Control Systems and Components. - Prentice Hall. - ISBN 0-13-054297-0 .
- Solodovnikov V.V. (Ed.). Technical cybernetics. Theory of automatic regulation (in four volumes). - M. , 1967.
- Egupov N.D., Pupkov K.A. (Ed.). Methods of the classical and modern theory of automatic control in five volumes. - M .: Publishing house of MSTU. N.E. Bauman, 2004.
- Andreeva L.E., Armensky E.V., Solodovnikov V.V. et al . 1 // Technical cybernetics. Devices and elements of automatic regulation and control. - 1973.- S. 672.
- Milovzorov V.I. Contactless speed control of electric actuators. - M. - L .: Energy, 1965.
Links
- Classification of electrical actuators
- News of the world of power drives (inaccessible link from 13-05-2013 [2286 days] - history ) (eng.)
- Glossary of computer and technical terms // whatis.ru
- Terminology: Automation
- Terms and concepts of video equipment
- Glossary of Terms