The Strela (The Twelfth, John the Warrior) is a 44-gun sailing frigate of the Azov and then the Black Sea Fleet of Russia .
| "Arrow" | |
|---|---|
| Service | |
 Russia | |
| Ship class and type | 44-gun frigate |
| Type of sailing equipment | Three-masted ship |
| Organization | Black Sea Fleet |
| Manufacturer | Gniloton Shipyard [1] |
| Ship master | O. Matveev, I.I. Yukharin [1] |
| Construction started | July 4, 1778 [2] |
| Launched | August 26, 1782 [2] |
| Removed from the fleet | 1792 [2] |
| Main characteristics | |
| Upper deck length | 39 m [1] |
| Mid- width width | 10.2 [2] / 10.5 m [1] |
| Draft | 3.6 m [1] |
| Armament | |
| Total number of guns | 44/40 [2] |
Content
Description of the frigate
Sailing 44-gun frigate . The length of the vessel was 39 meters , the width according to information from various sources ranged from 10.2 to 10.5 meters , and the draft - 3.6 meters . The ship’s original armament consisted of twenty-eight 12-pounders, twelve 6-pounders, and four 3-pounders. In 1788, the frigate was converted into a "newly invented" 40-gun frigate with an increase in the caliber of guns to 18 pounds [1] [2] .
Service history
The frigate was laid at the Gniloton shipyard on July 24, 1778 and after launching on August 26, 1782, it became part of the Azov Fleet under the name "The Twelfth". The construction was carried out by ship masters O. Matveev and Yukharin.
In the spring of 1783, he moved from Don to Taganrog and was incorporated into the Black Sea Fleet , renamed Strel on 18 May. July 13, arrived in the Bay of Ahtiar. In the autumn of 1783 he went out to cruise to the shores of the Crimea , and in 1785 and 1787 he went on practical voyages to the Black Sea as part of squadrons.
He took part in the Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791 . On August 31, 1787, in the squadron of Rear Admiral Count M. I. Voinovich, he left Sevastopol to search for Turkish ships. On September 8, on a strong five-day storm at Cape Kaliakra , he fought off the squadron, lost the wheel, main- and mizzen-mast and was forced to return to Sevastopol , where he arrived by September 21 [2] .
On June 18, 1788, he again departed Sevastopol as part of the squadron of Count M. I. Voinovich, and on June 30, at Ochakov, the Russian squadron came upon the Turkish fleet, which went south. The ships of the Voinovich squadron moved along a parallel course. On July 3, 1788, a frigate of the avant-garde brigade leader F. F. Ushakov took part in the battle of Fidonisi . After the battle, the squadron court maneuvered until July 6, in order not to allow the Turkish fleet to the shores of the Crimea , and returned to Sevastopol by July 19. On August 24, the squadron ships again set sail, but due to a strong storm they were forced to return to Sevastopol by August 27. From 2 to 19 November, as part of the same squadron, he took part in cruise at Cape Tendra , but no enemy ships were found and the squadron returned. In the same year, the frigate was converted into a "newly invented" 40-gun frigate with an increase in the caliber of guns to 18 pounds and received a new name "John Warrior" [1] [2] .
From September 18 to November 4, 1789, as part of the squadrons of F. F. Ushakov and M. I. Voinovich three times went to sea to Cape Tendra, Hajibey and the mouth of the Danube , but the Turkish fleet avoided meetings with Russian squadrons [1] .
May 16, 1790 entered the squadron of Rear Admiral F. F. Ushakov and left Sevastopol to Sinop . Separated on May 22 from the squadron, it was sent to cover the action of small cruising ships off the Turkish coast. On May 29, he returned to the squadron from Anapa, where on June 1 he took part in the bombardment of the fortress and Turkish ships. After that, the ships of the squadron went to Sevastopol, where they arrived by June 5th. July 2 in the squadron went to sea and on July 8 anchored at the entrance to the Kerch Strait . After the discovery of the approaching Turkish fleet, the squadron ships were removed from the anchor. During the battle of Kerch went in the second line as part of the reserve corps. On July 12, the squadron returned to Sevastopol [1] .
On August 25, the squadron went to Ochakov to join the Liman squadron. On 28 August 1790, the frigate took part in the battle at Cape Tendra , after which, along with the rest of the ships, pursued the Turkish ships until dark. After the resumption of the chase in the morning of August 29, the Turkish ship " Meleki-Bahri " was attacked and attacked as part of the vanguard. From September 4 to September 6, a captured Turkish ship accompanied the Dnieper estuary , and by September 8 came to Sevastopol [1] [2] .
After returning it was used as a transport, while the ship’s armament was reduced to six 6-pounder guns. Due to disrepair, the sea no longer went out. In the spring of 1791 he was sent to Kherson, where after 1792 he was dismantled [1] [2] .
Frigate commanders
The commanders of the vessel at various times served as:
- D. A. Domozhirov (from 1783 to March 1787).
- F.V. Poskochin (1787).
- M.N. Neledinskaya (1788).
- N. Biryulev (1789).
- A.G. Baranov (1791).
- N. M. Timofeev (1791-1792 years).
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Frigate “Strela” . Sevastopol.info. The date of appeal is January 29, 2014.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Frigates of the Black Sea Fleet . www.randewy.ru. The date of appeal is January 29, 2014.
Literature
- Veselago F. F. List of Russian military courts from 1668 to 1860. - SPb. : Maritime Ministry Printing House, 1872. - 798 p.
- Chernyshev A. А. Russian sailing fleet. Directory. - M .: Military Publishing, 1997. - T. 1. - 312 p. - (Ships and vessels of the Russian fleet). - 10 000 copies - ISBN 5-203-01788-3 .
- A. B. Shirokorad. 200 Years of the Sailing Fleet of Russia / Ed. A. B. Vasiliev. - 2nd ed. - M .: “Veche”, 2007. - 448 p. - ISBN 978-5-9533-1517-3 .