Citicolin is a drug used for nootropic and psychostimulant purposes. This is an intermediate compound in the formation of phosphatidylcholine from choline . Studies show that the drug increases the density of dopamine and acetylcholine receptors [1] , and it is believed that it can prevent memory deterioration as a result of negative environmental conditions [2] . According to preliminary data, citicoline supplements help improve attention and mental energy, which can be useful in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [3] [4] . It was also found to have an effect on the level of ACTH and other hormones of the anterior pituitary gland (this may be useful for some people, but undesirable consequences are not excluded for diseases associated with hypersecretion of ACTH and cortisol) [5] [6] . Also indicated for organic damage to the brain brain as it affects neuropeptides.
| Citicoline | |
|---|---|
| Citicolinum | |
 | |
| Chemical compound | |
| IUPAC | 5'-O- [hydroxy ({hydroxy [2- (trimethylammonio) ethoxy] phosphoryl} oxy) phosphoryl] cytidine |
| Gross formula | C 14 H 26 N 4 O 11 P 2 |
| Molar mass | 489,332 |
| CAS | |
| Pubchem | |
| Classification | |
| Pharmacol. Group | nootropic drugs |
| ATH | |
| Other names | |
| Ceraxon, Diphosphocin, Neuroxon | |
Tsitikolin is sold in more than 70 countries of the world under various trade names: Cerakson, Hypercol, Diphosphocin, Cognisin, Neuraxon, Nihin, Sincron, Somazina, Sinapsin, Stratonil, Trausan, Cebroton, Tsidilin, Tsitifar, etc. [7] , 8] .
Recently, citicoline has been considered as a long-term useful dietary supplement for restoring and maintaining cognitive function in patients with a first stroke and also for preventing complications in patients with open-angle glaucoma [9] , [10] .
The largest trial experiment to date, a randomized, placebo-controlled, sequential study in patients with severe and moderate acute ischemic stroke, in which 2,298 patients were enrolled, did not detect the benefits of citicoline in surviving or recovering from a stroke. A meta-analysis of seven studies showed no statistically significant benefit for long-term survival or recovery.
Notes
- ↑ Giménez R., Raïch J., Aguilar J. Changes in the brain striatum dopamine and acetylcholine receptors by the chronic CDP-choline treatment of aging mice (English) // British Journal of Pharmacology : journal. - 1991. - November ( vol. 104 , no. 3 ). - P. 575-578 . - PMID 1839138 .
- Ather Teather LA, Wurtman RJ Dietary CDP-choline supplementation preventive memory impairment caused by impaired environmental conditions in rats (Eng.) // Learning & Memory : journal. - 2005. - Vol. 12 , no. 1 . P. 39-43 . - DOI : 10.1101 / lm.83905 . - PMID 15647594 .
- ↑ Supplement naturally boosts aging brain power , Sydney Morning Herald (February 25, 2008). The appeal date is July 28, 2009.
- ↑ Silveri MM, Dikan J., Ross AJ, et al. Citicoline enhances frontal lobe bioenergetics measured by phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (Eng.) // NMR in Biomedicine : journal. - 2008. - November ( vol. 21 , no. 10 ). - P. 1066-1075 . - DOI : 10.1002 / nbm.1281 . - PMID 18816480 .
- ↑ Benson S., Arck PC, Tan S., et al. Disturbed stress responses in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (Eng.) // Psychoneuroendocrinology: journal. - 2009. - June ( vol. 34 , no. 5 ). - p . 727-735 . - DOI : 10.1016 / j.psyneuen.2008.12.001 . - PMID 19150179 .
- ↑ Florio P., Zatelli MC, Reis FM, degli Uberti EC, Petraglia F. Corticotropin releasing hormone: a diagnostic marker for behavioral and reproductive disorders? (English) // Frontiers in Bioscience : journal. - Frontiers in Bioscience , 2007. - Vol. 12 - P. 551-560 . - DOI : 10.2741 / 2081 . - PMID 17127316 .
- ↑ Medscape Log In . www.medscape.com. The appeal date is October 3, 2016.
- ↑ Single-ingredient Preparations (: Citicoline). / Sweetman S [Edit.] .. - Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference, 35th Ed .; e-version .. - London (UK): The Pharmaceutical Press, 2007.
- ↑ Jose Alvarez-Sabín, Gemma Ortega, Carlos Jacas, Estevo Santamarina, Olga Maisterra. Long-term treatment of poststroke vascular cognitive impairment with citicoline // Cerebrovascular Diseases (Basel, Switzerland). - 2013-01-01. - V. 35 , issue. 2 - p . 146-154 . - ISSN 1421-9786 . - DOI : 10.1159 / 000346602 .
- ↑ Pawel Grieb, Anselm Jünemann, Marek Rekas, Robert Rejdak. Citicoline: A Food Beneficial for Patients Suffering from or Threated with Glaucoma // Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. - 2016-01-01. - T. 8 . - p . 73 . - ISSN 1663-4365 . - DOI : 10.3389 / fnagi.2016.00073 .