In 1899, the following events in the field of science took place:
| 1899 in science |
|---|
| 1889 • 1890 • 1891 • 1892 • 1893 • 1894 • 1895 |
| 1896 • 1897 • 1898 • 1899 • 1900 • 1901 • 1902 |
| 1903 • 1904 • 1905 • 1906 • 1907 • 1908 • 1909 |
| Other events in 1899 |
Content
- 1 Events
- 2 Achievements
- 3 Awards
- 4 born
- 5 passed away
- 6 See also
- 7 notes
Events
- January 11 - a private solar eclipse [1] .
- February 19 - the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute named after Peter the Great opened in St. Petersburg .
- June 8 - a private solar eclipse [2] .
- October 21 - Oriental Institute founded in Vladivostok .
- December 3 - annular solar eclipse [3] .
- The American Astronomical Society is founded in the USA.
- Brandon College is open in Canada .
- The Russian Bibliological Society was founded in Russia.
- The United States State University in San Francisco is founded.
- A Central Bureau of Statistics has been opened in the Netherlands.
- In London, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine was founded .
- Hertha Ayrton , an English inventor and mathematician, was the first woman to be elected to the Institute of Electrical Engineers .
Achievements
Phoebe , satellite of Saturn.
- January 23 - The expedition to the Southern Cross crossed the South Arctic Circle and calculated with great accuracy the position of the South Magnetic Pole for 1899.
- March 17 - American astronomer William Pickering discovered Phoebe , Saturn’s satellite.
- Felix Hoffmann patented aspirin .
- Ernest Rutherford isolated alpha and beta radiation [4] .
- David Hilbert published an axiomatic scheme of Euclidean geometry .
- The Austrian mathematician Georg Pik discovered the Pik formula .
- The German company Opel has begun production of cars.
- Charles Guillaume discovered the first invar alloy .
- The French scientist A. Debierne discovered the chemical element of anemones .
- Pierre Curie and Maria Sklodowska Curie found that under the influence of ionizing radiation, molecular oxygen turns into ozone [5] [6] .
- Magnetic sound recording : Poulsen, Waldemar .
Rewards
- Lomonosov Prize [7] : P. A. Syrku for the first volume of studies on correcting books in Bulgaria [8] , N. M. Tupikov for creating the “Dictionary of Old Russian Personal Names” [9] .
- Wollaston Medal : Charles Lapworth .
- Copley Medal : John William Strett (Lord Rayleigh) .
Born
- January 17 - Paul German Muller , Swiss chemist , Nobel laureate in physiology and medicine in 1948 "for the discovery of the high efficiency of DDT as a contact poison " (d. 1965 ).
- January 27 - Vasily Bukin , Soviet biochemist (d. 1979 ).
- February 1 - Alexey Bystrov , Russian paleontologist, anatomist and histologist (d. 1959 ).
- February 4 - Victor Bolkhovitinov , Soviet aircraft designer (d. 1970 ).
- February 6 - Ksenia Bakhtadze , Soviet Georgian breeder (d. 1978 ).
- February 21 - Vsevolod Berezkin , Soviet hydrograph, hydrometeorologist and oceanologist, Arctic explorer (d. 1946 ).
- February 27 - Charles Best , a Canadian-Canadian scientist, one of the discoverers of insulin (d. 1978 ).
- April 12 - Kanysh Satpayev , Soviet geologist, one of the founders of Soviet metallogenic science (d. 1964 ).
- May 8 - Charles Illingworth , British surgeon (d. 1991 ).
- May 14 - Charlotte Auerbach , a British geneticist of German-Jewish origin, discovered chemical mutagenesis at the same time as I.A. Rappoport (d. 1994 ).
- June 3 - Gyorgy von Bekeszy , American physicist, biophysicist and physiologist (d. 1972 ).
- June 5 - Otich Barton , American aquanaut and inventor (d. 1992 ).
- June 29 - Carlisle Beals , Canadian astronomer (d. 1979 ).
- July 14 - Gregory Breit , American physicist (d. 1981 ).
- July 26 - Bill Hamilton , New Zealand engineer (d. 1978 ).
- August 20 - Salomon Bochner , American mathematician of Austro-Hungarian descent (d. 1982 ).
- September 3 - Frank Burnet , Australian virologist (d. 1985 ).
- September 11 - Vladimir Blavatsky , archaeologist and historian of antiquity (d. 1980 ).
- September 29 - Laszlo Biro , inventor of the modern ballpoint pen (d. 1985 ).
- October 19 - Anatoly Albensky , Soviet scientist, specialist in forestry and forestry (d. 1984 ).
- October 24 - Valerian Aptekar , Soviet linguist , one of the main propagandists of the new doctrine of language (d. 1937 ).
- October 27 - Nikolai Dollezhal , Soviet heating engineer, designer of nuclear reactors (d. 2000 ).
- November 2 - Peter Aufshnayter , German climber, cartographer and scientist (d. 1973 ).
- December 9 - Howard Becker , American sociologist at the Chicago School of Sociology (d. 1960 ).
- December 21 - Evgenia Bugoslavskaya , Soviet astronomer (d. 1960 ).
Died
Gofoniil Charles Marsh
- January 4 - Henry Nicholson , British zoologist and paleontologist (born 1844 ).
- January 6 - Pavel Eremeev , Russian mineralogist and teacher (b. 1830 ).
- January 11 - Ivan Vlahovic , Croatian physician and biologist (b. 1825 ).
- February 8 - Ferdinand Wustenfeld , German Orientalist (born 1808 ).
- February 18 - Sophus Lee , Norwegian mathematician (born 1842 ).
- March 18 - Gofoniil Marsh , American paleontologist (born 1831 ).
- March 24 - Gustav Wiedemann , German physicist (born 1826 ).
- April 14 - Athanasius Bychkov , Russian historian, archaeographer, bibliographer, paleographer (born 1818 ).
- April 15 - Lambert Babo , German chemist (born 1818 ).
- May 1 - Ludwig Büchner , German physician (born 1824 ).
- May 25 - Vasily Vasilievsky , Russian Byzantine (born 1838 ).
- July 2 - Ashkhen Hovakimyan , an English and Singaporean gardener scientist of Armenian descent (b. 1854 ).
- July 4 - Konstantin Golstunsky , Russian Mongolist (born 1831 ).
- August 9 - Edward Frankland , an English chemist (born 1825 ).
- August 16 - Robert Bunsen , German experimental chemist (born 1811 ).
- October 23 - Kazi Atazhukin , writer, publicist, teacher, linguist, compiler of the first books in the Adyghe (Circassian) language (born 1841 ).
- October 28 - Otmar Mergentaler , American inventor in the field of printing, creator of the linotype (b. 1854 ).
- November 11 - Nikolai Ivanitsky , Russian ethnographer-folklorist, local historian, essayist, poet, translator, botanist (born 1847 ).
- November 19 - Felix Birch-Hirschfeld , German pathologist (b. 1842 ).
- December 27 - Eugene von Beyer , Russian mathematician.
See also
► 1899 in science
Notes
- ↑ Private solar eclipse on January 11, 1899.
- ↑ Private solar eclipse on June 8, 1899.
- ↑ Annular solar eclipse of December 3, 1899.
- ↑ Rutherford distinguished and named α and β rays on page 116 of: E. Rutherford (1899) "Uranium radiation and the electrical conduction produced by it," Philosophical Magazine , Series 5, vol. 47, no. 284, pages 109-163. Rutherford named γ rays on page 177 of: E. Rutherford (1903) "The magnetic and electric deviation of the easily absorbed rays from radium," Philosophical Magazine , Series 6, vol. 5, no. 26, pages 177-187.
- ↑ Curie P., Curie M. Effets chimiques produits par les rayons de Becquerel (Fr.) // Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Sciences : magazine. - 1899. - Vol. 129 . - P. 823-825 .
- ↑ Radiation chemistry // Encyclopedic dictionary of a young chemist. 2nd ed. / Comp. V.A. Kritsman, V.V. Stanzo. - M .: Pedagogy , 1990 .-- S. 200 . - ISBN 5-7155-0292-6 .
- ↑ E. Yu. Basargina Lomonosov Prize - the first state award in Russia (1865-1918). (Series “Ad fontes. Materials and research on the history of science.” Issue 2) - St. Petersburg.,: Publishing House of St. Petersburg Institute of RAS “Nestor-Istoriya”, 2012. - 124 p. - 500 copies. - ISBN 978-5-98187-979-1
- ↑ Syrup A. On the history of the correction of books in Bulgaria in the 16th century. T. I. Vol. 1: The time and life of Patriarch Euthymius Ternovsky. St. Petersburg, 1898 (cover: 1899). [4], XXXII, 609 pp. (Notes of the Historical and Philological Faculty of St. Petersburg University. Part 25. Issue 1)
- ↑ Tupikov N.M. Dictionary of Old Russian personal proper names. Manuscript on cards. (Publ.: Tupikov N. M. Dictionary of Old Russian personal proper names. St. Petersburg, 1903. [4], II, 857 pp.)