The coup d'état in Argentina in 1976 is a right - wing coup d'etat that overthrew Isabel Peron on March 24, 1976 from the post of president of Argentina . As a result of the coup, power was seized by a military junta led by General Jorge Rafael Videla , Admiral Emilio Eduardo Masser and Brigadier Orlando Ramon Agosti [1] . The military announced the start of the “ National Reorganization Process ” and ruled the country until 1983.
| 1976 coup d'etat in Argentina | |
|---|---|
| A country | Argentina |
| date | March 24, 1976 |
| the main goal | The overthrow of President Isabel Peron |
| Total | Beginning of the “ National Reorganization Process ” |
| Organizers | Jorge Rafael Videla , Emilio Eduardo Masser , Orlando Ramon Agosti |
| driving forces | argentine army |
As a result of political repressions (the so-called " Dirty War "), which began long before the 1976 coup and significantly intensified after it, the number of "abducted and missing" people ranged from 9,300 to 30,000.
Despite the fact that a military coup was planned in October 1975, the US State Department became aware of these preparations just 2 months before the coup [2] .
Content
Background
Argentine President Juan Domingo Peron died on July 1, 1974 . Peron was succeeded by his wife, Maria Estela Martinez de Peron , nicknamed Isabelita, who, as president, showed her inability to control the rapidly deteriorating political and social situation in the country [3] .
In 1975, the so-called Operation Independence ( Spanish: Operativo Independencia ) was organized, aimed at the destruction of partisan strongholds in the jungle of Tucuman province . In the same year, the country was divided into five military zones, each commander of which was given full autonomy in unleashing a carefully planned wave of repression.
On December 18, 1975, a group of Argentine Air Force officers led by Orlando Cappellini attempted a military coup . The performance was not successful, because the command of the armed forces considered it premature. However, by January 1976, the inevitability of the coup in Argentina became clear. The military only waited for the right moment [4] , taking advantage of the support of the United States and the Argentine elites.
March 24, 1976 coup
Shortly after 01:00, President Isabel Peron was detained and delivered by helicopter under guard to the residence of El Messidor . At 03:10, all television and radio stations were taken under the control of the military. Regular broadcasts on them were stopped and replaced by a military march, after which the first official report was issued informing that the power in the country was under the control of the military, as well as the need for strict compliance by citizens with the requirements of the military, police and security forces. The appeal was signed by General Jorge Rafael Videla , Admiral Emilio Eduardo Massera and Brigadier General Orlando Ramon Agosti .
Around the official residence of President Cas-Rosad , an accumulation of M113 armored personnel carriers was observed, jeeps patrolled all major cities, and there was no reaction from the population in connection with the news of the coup. The coming morning also passed without any high-profile accidents, but the number of detentions increased sharply. Hundreds of workers, students, political and trade union activists were detained and abducted from their homes, workplaces or on the street.
March 24 in modern Argentina is celebrated as National Day of Remembrance of Truth and Law ( Spanish: Día Nacional de la Memoria por la Verdad y la Justicia ) or Day of Sad Memories of the last dictatorship in the country in 1976.
Notes
- ↑ South America / Argentina / Jorge Rafael Saw and His Dirty War Archived November 1, 2010 on the Wayback Machine
- ↑ February 16, 1976 - Military Take Cognizance of Human Rights Issue , National Security Archive
- ↑ South America / Argentina / Isabel Martinez de Peron - the first woman president in the world Archived February 3, 2014 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ Luna F., 2010 , p. 238.
Literature
- Luna F. A Brief History of Argentines. - M .: The whole world, 2010 .-- 280 p. - ISBN 978-5-7777-0491-7 .