Lepidoptera Lepidoptera [1] [2] ( lat. Papilionoformes ) is a taxonomic clade of butterflies that originally united two related superfamilies Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea from the infraorder Papilionomorpha [3] . Later in 1986, the superfamily Hedyloidea was added to them (previously, Hedylidae was classified as a moth ) [4] . According to one approach to the systematics of Lepidoptera, the Lepidoptera Lepidoptera have the rank of a series in the group of higher Lepidoptera of the infraorder Papilionomorpha of the suborder Glossata [5] .
| Lepidoptera Mace |
Machaon ( Papilio machaon ) |
| Scientific classification |
|---|
| No rank : | Bilateral symmetrical |
| Subtype : | Tracheo-breathing |
| Infraclass : | Winged insects |
| Treasure : | Fully Transformed Insects |
| Squadron : | Amphiesmenoptera |
| Infrastructure : | Butterflies |
| Treasure : | Double-breasted |
| Treasure : | Lepidoptera Mace |
|
| International scientific name |
|---|
Papilionoformes |
| Synonyms |
|---|
|
| Superfamilies |
|---|
- Hedyloidea
- Hesperioidea
- Papilionoidea
|
|
The most ancient of the living representatives of Papilionoformes, apparently, is Baronia brevicornis - a relict species , endemic to Mexico . It is characterized by similarities with the fossil taxon Praepapilio and is considered the most primitive extant species of the Papilionidae group [6] .
The most characteristic signs of maceous Lepidoptera are: standing eggs; pupae, usually attached with a special silk-like belt; an adult with an arcuate curved abdomen and with an aortic loop, with a secondary weakening of the mesoscutum near the medial notal wing process. Due to the daily way of life, the majority of Lepidoptera clubworms are distinguished by a bright coloring of the wings, and are characterized by different sizes from small to large.
Caterpillars of day butterflies are predominantly phytophages -phyllophages (less commonly anthophages) and usually openly adhere to fodder plants [7]
Macebirds inhabit any landscape zone of the world from tropical rainforests, to deserts to the Arctic tundra. The world fauna numbers at least 20 thousand species [8] , of which 7 families are known on the territory of the countries of the former USSR ( Hesperiidae , Papilionidae , Pieridae , Nymphalidae , Satyridae , Lycaenidae , Riodinidae ) and at least 881 species [9] . About 440 species are cited for the Asian part of Russia [10] .
