Medals and prizes of the USSR Academy of Sciences are awards that were awarded on behalf of the USSR Academy of Sciences to encourage scientists for scientific works, scientific discoveries and inventions that are important for science and practice.
Content
About Contests
- Gold medals are awarded "for outstanding scientific work, discoveries and inventions, or for a combination of works of great scientific and practical significance" [1] .
- Prizes are awarded "for selected best scientific works, discoveries, inventions, as well as for a series of scientific works on a single topic" [1] .
- Prizes are awarded on the birthdays of a scientist whose name is a medal or prize, but may be awarded on another significant date related to his life and work [1] .
- Prizes are awarded "for selected best scientific works, discoveries, inventions, as well as for a series of scientific works on a single topic" [1] .
Only individual individuals can participate in contests for gold medals. Prizes are awarded for selected outstanding scientific works, discoveries, inventions, as well as for a series of scientific works on a single topic. Works or series of works of the same subject, as a rule, of individual authors, may be submitted for the award. When submitting works, only leading authors are nominated, with no more than three people.
Historically, after the revolution, prizes and awards were awarded until 1920, after which the tradition was interrupted until 1934, when the USSR Academy of Sciences moved to Moscow and two new prizes were introduced: named after D. I. Mendeleev and I. P. Pavlov, but the awards were unsystematic . In 1959, a decision of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences was issued, which determined the basic principles for awarding prizes [1] :
- The highest award of the Academy of Sciences is a large gold medal named after M.V. Lomonosov , which has been awarded annually since 1959. It is awarded to domestic and foreign scientists for outstanding achievements in the field of natural sciences and humanities.
- Personal prizes are awarded every three years.
- Gold medals are awarded every five years.
Information about the laureates of domestic academic prizes was given in a special press (the journals Vestnik AN SSSR , Izvestiya AN SSSR and since 1989 in the newspaper Poisk ).
Prizes and Medals
| Medal the prize | M.V. Lomonosova | in the field of natural sciences and humanities 1 | Medal and Prize of the Russian Academy of Sciences | ||||
| 1 Two medals are awarded annually: one to a Russian, the other to a foreign scientist | |||||||
| Forerunner | Established Academy of Sciences of the USSR | First presentation | Reward | In honor of | Wording | last presentation | Heir |
| Established by | 1956 [2] | not later than 1965 [· 1] | Prize | N. G. Chernyshevsky | for outstanding scientific work in the field of social sciences [2] | not earlier than 1967 [· 2] | Abolished |
| Established by | 1969 [2] | 1971 [· 3] | Prize | G. V. Plekhanova | for outstanding scientific work in the field of philosophy [3] | 1991 [· 4] | RAS Prize |
| Established by | 1947 [2] | 1950 [· 5] | Prize | V. G. Belinsky | in the field of literary criticism, theory and history of literature [4] | not earlier than 1985 [· 6] | Abolished |
| Established [· 7] | 1969 [2] | 1971 [· 8] | Prize | A.S. Pushkin | in the field of Russian language and literature [2] | 1990 [· 9] | RAS Prize |
| THIS Award | 1959 [2] | 1962 | Prize | A. S. Popova | in the field of radio engineering and electronics [2] | 1989 | Abolished |
| Established by | n / a | n / a | Medal | A. S. Popova | in the field of radio engineering and electronics [2] | n / a | Medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences |
| 1956 | Prize | M.V. Lomonosova | in the field of physics [2] | n / a |
| 1957 | Medal | Leonard Euler | in mathematics, theoretical physics and mechanics | 1957 |
| 1947 | Prize | N. I. Lobachevsky | in the field of geometry [2] | 1991 |
| 1944 | Prize | P. L. Chebysheva | for the best research in the field of mathematics and theory of mechanisms and machines [2] | 1991 |
| 1942 | Prize | S. A. Chaplygin | for the best original work on theoretical research in the field of mechanics [2] [5] | 1970 |
| 1946 (Presentation since 1950) | Prize | F. A. Bredikhina | in the field of astronomy [2] [5] | 1990 |
| 1934 [1] | Prize | D. I. Mendeleev | in chemistry and chemical technology [2] | 1985 |
| 1965 | Medal | D. I. Mendeleev | in the field of chemical science and technology | 1991 |
| 1944 | Prize | S. V. Lebedeva | in the field of chemistry and chemical technology of synthetic rubber and other polymers [2] | 1985 |
| 1956 | Prize | A. M. Butlerova | in the field of organic chemistry [2] | n / a |
| 1949 | Prize | N. D. Zelinsky | in chemistry and petroleum chemistry | n / a |
| 1947 | Prize | E. S. Fedorova | in the field of crystallography [2] | n / a |
| 1948 | Prize | P.P. Anosov | in the field of metallurgy [2] | n / a |
| 1945 | Prize | A. E. Fersman | for outstanding scientific works on mineralogy and geochemistry [2] [6] [7] | 1991 |
| 1946 | Prize | A.P. Karpinsky | in the field of geology [2] | n / a |
| 1946 [2] | Prize | V.V. Dokuchaev | in the field of soil science [2] | n / a |
| 1941 [2] (Delivery information since 1932) [7] | Prize | K. A. Timiryazev | in the field of plant physiology, etc. [2] | 1991 |
| 1962 | Medal | named after D. N. Pryanishnikov [8] | for outstanding work in the field of plant nutrition and fertilizer use | 1992 |
| 1944 [2] (Delivery information since 1946) | Prize | V. L. Komarova | in the field of botany [2] | 1990 |
| 1940 [2] (Delivery information since 1961) [9] | Prize | A. O. Kovalevsky | in the field of embryology [2] | 1991 |
| 1943 | Prize | V. I. Vernadsky | in the field of biogeochemistry and related sciences [2] | 1981 |
| 1965 | Prize | N. I. Vavilova | in the field of genetics [2] | n / a |
| 1934 [1] | Prize | I.P. Pavlova | in the field of physiology [2] | 1979 |
| 1956 | Prize | I. M. Sechenova | in the field of general physiology [2] | n / a |
| 1950 | Medal | I.P. Pavlova | in the field of physiology of higher nervous activity and visceral systems | 1991 |
| 1945 | Prize | I.I. Mechnikov | for outstanding work in the field of immunology, comparative and experimental pathology, and major scientific achievements in the field of biology and biomedicine [2] | 1987 |
| 1946 | Prize | A.N. Bach | for outstanding work in biochemistry [2] | 1987 |
See also
- K.D. Ushinsky Prize - annual prize of the USSR Academy of Pedagogical Sciences
- Gold medals and prizes named after outstanding scientists awarded by the Russian Academy of Sciences
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 T.V. Kulmatova . Academic Prizes ”and a collection of works awarded by the Russian Academy of Sciences of gold medals and prizes at the BAS . - M .: International Scientific Conference "Rumyantsev Readings - 2008", 2008. - Issue. Topic: The role of libraries in the development and strengthening of family values and solving demographic problems .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Prize // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 tons] / ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
- ↑ RAS . Prize named after G.V. Plekhanov Awarded for outstanding scientific work in the field of philosophy (List of awarded). official site of the RAS . - Data since 1971. Date of treatment February 15, 2014.
- ↑ Boris Alexandrovich Gilenson . Literary Prizes // Brief Literary Encyclopedia / Ch. ed. A.A. Surkov . - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1962-1978.
- ↑ 1 2 Chaplygin Sergey Alekseevich // Editor-in-Chief G.P. Svishchev Encyclopedia of technology : Encyclopedia. - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia , 1994. - Issue. Aviation
- ↑ Prize named after A.E. Fersman - for outstanding scientific work on mineralogy and geochemistry (Inaccessible link) . - “Prize named after A.E. Fersman is awarded for outstanding scientific work in mineralogy and geochemistry. For the award of prizes may be submitted works or series of works of the same subject, as a rule, of individual authors ... ” Date of treatment February 7, 2014. Archived February 23, 2014.
- ↑ 1 2 RAS . Prize named after K.A. Timiryazev . Award List . Date of treatment January 17, 2014.
- ↑ Gold medal named after D.N. Pryanishnikova
- ↑ RAS . Prize named after A.O. Kovalevsky . Award List . Date of treatment January 17, 2014.
- ↑ Awarded by Ewald Vasilievich Ilyenkov
- ↑ Awarded by Mark Moiseevich Rosenthal
- ↑ Awarded by Mikhail Trifonovich Iovchuk
- ↑ Awarded Lidia Mikhailovna Bragin
- ↑ Vera Stepanovna Nechaeva and Vasily Spiridonovich Spiridonov were awarded
- ↑ Awarded by Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev
- ↑ Pushkin Prize awarded to authors for literary works
- ↑ Awarded by Viktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov
- ↑ Natalia Yulievna Shvedova and Sergey Ivanovich Ozhegov were awarded