Agnes Bernauer ( German: Agnes Bernauer , ~ 1410-1435) is the lover and probably the first wife of Albrecht III , Duke of Bavaria-Munich . Due to her relationship, Albrecht entered into a major conflict with his father Ernst , who eventually ordered the drown of Agnes in the Danube . Her fate was reflected in many literary works, in particular, in Christian Hebbel ’s drama “Agnes Bernauer” ( German: Agnes Bernauer ) and Karl Orff ’s opera “A Woman from the Bernauerin Family” ( German: Die Bernauerin ).
| Agnes Bernauer | |
|---|---|
| Agnes bernauer | |
 Portrait of Agnes Bernauer (unknown artist, 16th c., Copy) | |
| Date of Birth | 1410 (?) |
| Place of Birth | Augsburg (?) |
| Date of death | October 12, 1435 |
| Place of death | district of Straubing |
| A country | |
| Occupation | court lady |
| Father | Caspar Bernauer (?) |
| Mother | unknown |
| Spouse | |
| Children | probably wasn't |
Content
Biography
Agnes Bernauer was born around 1410, nothing is known about her childhood and early youth. She is traditionally considered the daughter of the Augsburg barber Caspar Bernauer , but evidence of his existence has not been preserved. Since the future Duke Albrecht came to Augsburg for a tournament in February 1428, it is assumed that he met Agnes and brought her to Munich , having bought her a house in Meninges [1] [2] .
At the latest by the summer of 1432, Agnes had already played an important role at the Munich court. She took part in the capture of the robbery knight Munchauser. It is known that because of her self-confident manner, she incurred the hostility of the Palatine graffiti Beatrix of Bavaria , sisters of Albrecht [3] [4] .
Albrecht and Agnes were likely married in the region of 1432-1433, although there is no exact evidence of their marriage. But since the beginning of 1433, Albrecht often visited the area of the castle of Bluetenburg , and Agnes, with the help of Albrecht, bought a house in the same places (in Meninges ), and this suggests that the couple lived there together, although not all historians agree that there was a legal marriage [5] [6] [7] [8] . There is no evidence that Albrecht lived with Agnes and in his Voburg an der Donau . There is no information about any offspring from his connection with Agnes [8] [9] [10] .
Duke Ernst, the father of Albrecht, could not tolerate that his only heir cohabited with a woman of such low origin. Therefore, when Albrecht was invited to hunt in his lands by his relative, the Duke Heinrich of Bavaria-Landshut , in the absence of his son Ernst ordered that Agnes be captured and drowned in the Danube on October 12, 1435 [11] [12] . After this, Albrecht first left his hometown for Ingolstadt , to the Duke Ludwig of Bavaria-Ingolstadt , with whom he made an alliance against Ernst, but after a few months he nevertheless reconciled with his father and married Anna von Braunschweig in November 1436. To what many were afraid - to open armed clashes between Ernst and Albrecht - it didn’t reach the point: perhaps the emperor Sigismund could influence the younger duke [13] .
Perpetuating the memory of Agnes Bernauer
In September 2013, a monument reminiscent of the tragic events in the fate of Agnes and Albrecht was erected near the castle of Blutenburg opposite the main entrance to donations from the Heimbüchler family (Ursula und Fritz Heimbüchler). The author, sculptor Joseph Michael Neustifter , gave it the name " Monument of Love " (Joseph Michael Neustifter: "Ein Denkmal für die Liebe"). [14] In connection with the 1200th anniversary of the Munich districts of Obermening / Untermentzing (formerly Mening ) in 2017 near the castle of Blutenburg on the stage belonging to the Temple of the Passion of Christ (Leiden Christi), the premiere of the musical performance “Agnes or the Secret of the Castle” took place Blyutenburg " [15] , which presents a fantastic version of the fate of Agnes Bernauer.
Notes
- ↑ Marita Panzer. Agnes Bernauer. - P. 11–15 (German) .
- ↑ Claudia Märtl. Straubing - P. 154 (German) .
- ↑ Marita Panzer. Agnes Bernauer. - P. 36–39 (German) .
- ↑ Alfons Huber. Agnes Bernauer im Spiegel der Quellen. - P. 13, 41 (German) .
- ↑ Ernst Geiß. Beitrag zur Geschichte der Agnes Bernauer. - 1846. - Vol. 7. - P. 303–304 (German) .
- ↑ Marita Panzer. Agnes Bernauer. - P. 43–45 (German) .
- ↑ Johannes Erichsen. Umrisse Blutenburger Geschichte. - 1983 .-- P. 26 (German) .
- ↑ 1 2 Gottfried Horchler. Agnes Bernauer in Geschichte und Dichtung. - 1883. - Vol. 1. Teil. - P. 11-14 (German) .
- ↑ Sigmund Riezler. Agnes Bernauerin und die bairischen Herzoge. - 1885. - P. 294–301 (German) .
- ↑ Marita Panzer. Agnes Bernauer. - P. 52–56 (German) .
- ↑ Alfons Huber. Agnes Bernauer im Spiegel der Quellen. - P. 55 (German) .
- ↑ Bernauer, Agnes // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Alfons Huber. Agnes Bernauer im Spiegel der Quellen. - P. 26-48 (German) .
- ↑ Joseph Michael Neustifter: "Ein Denkmal für die Liebe" .
- ↑ "Agnes oder das Geheimnis von Schloss Blutenburg", Eine fantastische Geschichte mit Musik und Show, 09.26.2017, Obermenzing - Das Programmheft "1200 Jahre Menzing", München, Juli - Dezember 2017, Seite 45 (unavailable link) . Date of treatment October 10, 2017. Archived July 22, 2017.
Literature
- Bernauer, Agnes // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
Links
- Agnes-Bernauer-Festspiele Straubing (German)
- Agnes-Bernauer-Festspiele Vohburg (German)
- Artikel zur Ermordung der Agnes Bernauer im Historischen Lexikon Bayerns (German)
- Agnes Bernauer - Baderstochter, Herzogin, Legende. Podcast der Sendereihe radioWissen. Bayern 2, 4. April 2011 (MP3; 14.8 MB) (German)