Stephen Krashen ( born Stephen Krashen ; born 1941, Chicago, Illinois) is a retired professor at the University of Southern California [1] , a linguist, and a specialist in applied linguistics . The theoretical principles laid down by him had a great influence on the development of the theory of mastering a second language at its initial stage (1970-1980s).
| Stephen Crashan | |
|---|---|
| Stephen Krashen | |
| Date of Birth | 1941 |
| Place of Birth | Chicago Illinois |
| A country |  |
| Scientific field | linguistics |
| Place of work | University of Southern California |
| Alma mater | |
| Academic rank | Professor |
Content
Proceedings
He has published over 350 articles and books on the problems of mastering a second language, bilingual education and reading. [2]
He created a number of important concepts and terms related to the theory of mastering a second language. Among them:
- learning-hypothesis, en: acquisition-learning hypothesis ,
- input hypothesis ,
- observer hypothesis, en: monitor hypothesis ,
- emotional filter hypothesis, en: affective filter ,
- natural sequence hypothesis in language acquisition, en: natural order hypothesis . [3]
Later, Krashen put forward and is actively promoting the method of using “voluntary reading” ( en: free voluntary reading ) when learning a second language - according to him, this is “the most powerful tool in teaching both the first and second languages.” [four]
In a report posted on YouTube in December 2013, Krashen discussed issues of “comprehensible input”, “explicit methods”, “excessive testing”, standardization, privatization, and poverty. [five]
Education Activist
Since the 1990s. education in California became too intolerant of bilingualism of students (mainly those for whom their native language was Spanish), Krashen sharply criticized the new educational policy, making speeches and publishing letters in the media. During the 1998 California Prohibition of Bilingual Education Bill ( Proposition 227 ) campaign, Krashen participated in numerous interviews and public discussions, criticizing the bill. In total, from 1998 to 2006, he sent more than 1,000 letters to the media. Krashen was sharply criticized by conservatives, who believe that bilingualism in education is a squandering of taxpayers' funds, and also undermining patriotism.
Miscellaneous
Has a black belt in taekwondo , [1] . Spent two years in Ethiopia, where he taught English as an activist of the Peace Corps .
Works
- Krashen, Stephen D. Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Learning . - Pergamon, 1981.
- Krashen, Stephen D. Principles and Practice in Second Language Acquisition . - Pergamon, 1982.
- Krashen, SD (1985), The Input Hypothesis: Issues and Implications , New York: Longman
- Krashen, SD (1989), "We Acquire Vocabulary and Spelling by Reading: Additional Evidence for the Input Hypothesis" , The Modern Language Journal , vol. 73, p. 440-464 , < https://www.jstor.org/stable/326879 >
- Krashen, SD (1994), "The Comprehension Hypothesis and its Rivals," p. 9
- Krashen, SD (1996), The case for narrow listening , vol. 24, System, p. 97-100
- Mason, B. & Krashen, S. (1997), "Extensive reading in English as a foreign language" , System , vol. 25, p. 91–102 , < http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VCH-3SWV634-9/2/82bb76fdafffab22aaa207064817b630 >
- Krashen, SD (2003), Explorations in Language Acquisition and Use , Portsmouth: NH: Heinemann. , < https://www.heinemann.com/shared/onlineresources/E00554/chapter2.pdf >
- Krashen, SD The Natural Approach / SD Krashen, TD Terrell. - Pergamon, 1983.
- McQuillan, J. & Krashen, SD (2008), "Commentary: Can free reading take you all the way? A response to Cobb (2007)" , About Language Learning & Technology , vol. 6, p. 104–109 , < http://llt.msu.edu/vol12num1/mcquillan/default.html >
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Stephen Krashen: BIO (unreachable link) . District Administration <---- Page Not Found. Need a new reference .. Date accessed January 12, 2014. Archived November 1, 2007.
- ↑ 2005 NABE Executive Board Election, Regional Representatives, West Region —Candidates' Statements & Biographies (PDF) (link not available) . National Association for Bilingual Education. Date of treatment January 12, 2014. Archived on May 25, 2005.
- ↑ Krashen, S. (2003) Explorations in Language Acquisition and Use . Portsmouth: Heimemann.
- ↑ Achievement Profile: Stephen Krashen . Scott, R ..
- ↑ Prof. Stephen Krashen talks about comprehensible input, explicit teaching methods ... and much more! - YouTube
Links
- Books and articles by Stephen D Krashen
- Response to criticism by Ron Unz
- NPR Talk of the Nation episode featuring Stephen Krashen
- Krashen's Comprehension Hypothesis Model of L2 learning Applied linguist Vivian Cook's page on Krashen's hypotheses.