The Hanoi Citadel ( Vietnamese Hoàng thành Thăng Long ) is a cultural complex that includes the first royal corps from the time of the Li dynasty , and then expanded during the Chan , Le and Nguyen dynasties . The ruins roughly coincide with today's Hanoi citadel.
UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
Hanoi Citadel [* 1] | |
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vietnam Hoàng thành Thăng Long English Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long [* 2] | |
A country | Vietnam |
Type of | Cultural |
Criteria | ii, iii, iv |
Link | 1328 |
Region [* 3] | Asia |
Turning on | 2010 ( 34 session) |
The royal palaces and most of the buildings in Thang Long were more or less destroyed by the end of the 19th century due to the actions of the French army during the conquest of Vietnam (Thang Long is the old name of Hanoi). In the 20th century, the complex was still collapsing due to the ongoing wars. Only at the beginning of the XXI century systematic excavations were begun.
On December 28, 2007, the central part of the Thanglong-Hanoi Royal Citadel was classified as an architectural monument of national importance, and on August 12, 2009, it was declared a Special National Monument.
The central complex of the imperial citadel was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site on July 31, 2010 at 34 sessions in Brazil .
History
The central part of the Royal citadel of Thanglong-Hanoi is located on an area of 18,000 square meters. in the area of the excavations on Khoangziyu street, at number 18, and in the territory of the ancient Hanoi citadel
The central part of the Royal Citadel includes some ground objects, among them the earliest in time is, dating back to 1467, the foundation of Kintthien Palace, laid during the dynasty of the early Le, and stone steps, stone railing with carved dragons. The Doanmon Gate (that is, the South Gate) leading to the Forbidden City in the citadel has survived. And from the Hanoi citadel during the Nguyen dynasty, the Northern Gate and the Flagstaff Tower are preserved. Some French military installations have also survived, for example, the artillery headquarters, built on one part of the foundation of the Kinthien Palace
In 1998, archaeologists carried out reconnaissance excavations at the foot of the South, North Gate and Princess Palace. There, they found many relics dating back to the time of the Li and Chan dynasties. Later, in 2008, in another excavation site in the middle of the path from the South Gate to the base of the Kinthien Palace, scientists found traces of the Royal Court of Le Dynasty, covered with tiles typical of this era. Important materials were found during the excavations from December 2002 to 2004 at No. 18, Hoangzieu Street. On the territory of 19.000 m², they found a whole complex of artifacts and monuments covering a long period of history: until the XI century (that is, before Thanglong was founded here), then the Thanglong period and until the present Hanoi period. The excavation area expanded and reached 33,000 sq. M. The found cultural layers were located on top of each other, architectural monuments, drainage systems, wells, bases of columns and walls, traces of the bed of ancient rivers and lakes were discovered.
The remains of the Imperial City were found at the site of the Badinh Assembly Hall when it was demolished in 2008 to make way for a new parliament building. Various archaeological finds that were found are on display at the National Museum. Until now, only a small part of Thang Long has been excavated.
Znamennaya Tower
Among the buildings associated with the imperial city stands the Banner Tower of Hanoi. Its height is 33.4 meters (with a flag - 41 meters). The tower is a symbol of the city. Built in 1812 during the Nguyen Dynasty , the tower, unlike many other buildings in Hanoi, was not destroyed. During the French domination of Vietnam (1885–1954), it was used to observe the surroundings and as a communication point between headquarters and remote military posts [1] .
The famous tower is not included in the territory of the citadel, usually shown to tourists. You can inspect it separately from the fortress, passing in the direction of the Military History Museum of Hanoi. As of 2013, the entrance fee to the fortress is 30,000 dong, which is about 1.5 USD. By inspection, open most of the complex. Only some of its parts are closed to visitors due to the behavior of archaeological work there. Also, the northern part of the fortress is still used by the Vietnamese army, and access there is impossible.
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Notes
- ↑ Banner Tower (Hanoi Flag Tower) / Hanoi, Vietnam (Not available link) . The date of circulation is January 20, 2014. Archived on February 1, 2014.