Apollinary Alexei Zarin ( 1805 - February 26, 1872 ) - Russian vice admiral , hero of the Crimean War .
| Apollinaris Alexandrovich Zarin | |
|---|---|
 Vice Admiral Apollinaris Alexandrovich Zarin | |
| Date of Birth | 1805 |
| Date of death | February 26, 1872 |
| Affiliation |  Russian empire |
| Type of army |  Fleet |
| Rank | vice admiral |
| Commanded | brigades “Endymion” and “Themistocles”, steamboat “ Molodets ”, frigate “ Mesemvria ”, ship “ Selafal ”, |
| Battles / wars | Caucasian war Crimean War |
| Awards and prizes | Order of St. George 4th Art. (1847), Order of St. George , 3rd art. (1855), Golden weapon “For courage” (1855), Order of St. Vladimir , 3rd art. (1855). |
Biography
Appolinarius Zarin was born in 1805, came from the nobles of the Zarins of the Kaluga province . He studied at the Naval Cadet Corps , from which he was released on March 1, 1822, as a midshipman of the Baltic Fleet , where he served until 1833 , and then, already with the rank of lieutenant , was transferred to the Black Sea Fleet . In 1837, during the landing on Cape Adler, he was a flag officer at Rear Admiral S. A. Esmont. In 1838 he participated in the occupation of the town of Sochi on the Caucasian shore, and during the wreck of the ship was captured by the Highlanders and was held captive for several months. In the same year he was awarded the Order of St. Stanislav III degree.
In 1839, Zarin was promoted to lieutenant commander , and then cruised in the Archipelago for about two years, commanded the brigades Endymion and Themistocles, the steamship Molodets , the frigate Mesemvria and the battleship Selafal . In 1842, "for the successful assistance in the attack of the mountaineers on the fort of Navaginsky" he was awarded the Order of St. Anna of the II degree. In 1847, for 18 naval campaigns, he was awarded the Order of St. George of the 4th class and promoted to captain of the 2nd rank . April 23, 1850 promoted to captain of the 1st rank .
During the Crimean War, Zarin was the head of the 1st branch of the defensive line, and from August 28 to September 30, 1855 he commanded all the batteries of the North Side . For excellent decisiveness during the retreat of troops from the South, he was awarded the Order of St. George of the 3rd class No. 492 on July 6, 1855
| In retaliation for exemplary courage and special ordering, for taking measures during Sevastopol’s intensified bombardments under fierce enemy fire, measures by which our losses in people were always averted and the means of defense were instantly restored |
For other affairs of this campaign, in 1854 he received a golden saber with the inscription "For Courage" and the Order of St. Vladimir of the 3rd degree.
At the end of the war, Apollinaris Alexandrovich Zarin arrived with the remaining sailors of the former Black Sea crews in Moscow , where he arranged a solemn meeting, here, after the show, conducted by Emperor Alexander II , he was granted an adjutant wing and was subsequently promoted to rear admiral ( with seniority of April 15, 1856 ), enlisted in the retinue of His Imperial Majesty , and was appointed head of the special brigade of small courts on the rights of a division chief. September 8, 1859 he was awarded the Order of St. Stanislav I degree with swords over the order. In 1860 , after the abolition of a separate brigade, it was renamed the younger flagships of the Baltic Fleet. In 1861 he was sent to the Mogilev province to declare a manifesto on the liberation of the peasants from serfdom . On August 30, 1861 he was awarded the Order of St. Anne of the I degree with swords over the order. During the Polish uprising of 1863 , when foreign powers could be expected, he was entrusted with the leadership of a detachment of gunboats and ground forces, intended to strengthen the Transund and protect Vyborg . In 1864 he was promoted to vice admiral , with appointment to the senior flagships of the Baltic Fleet, in 1871 he was appointed a member of the Admiralty Council. In 1869 he was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir II degree with swords over the order .
Apollinaris Alexandrovich Zarin died on February 26, 1872 .
Family
Wife - Maria Pavlovna Sophiano , granddaughter of Major General H. M. Room and sister L.P.Sofiano . Their sons:
- Alexander (1844-1868), in 1861 he graduated from the Naval Cadet Corps, died in September 1868 during the collapse of the frigate "Alexander Nevsky" off the coast of Denmark, his body was not found.
- Sergey (1846-1894), midshipman, warrant officer (1866), lieutenant (1870), captain of the first rank from 1889, commander of the clipper “Rider” from 1886 to 1890; since April 1891, the commander of the Vityaz corvette, due to hindsight of the crashed in 1893. Zarina was found guilty in court and sentenced to pay a fine. He was very worried about the death of Vityaz, and while traveling in Tiflis at the Northern Rooms Hotel, in August 1894 he killed himself with a shot from a revolver.
Literature
- Zarin, Apollinariy Aleksandrovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Russian Biographical Dictionary : In 25 volumes / under the supervision of A. A. Polovtsov. 1896-1918.
- Veselago F.F. The General Maritime List from the base of the fleet until 1917. - St. Petersburg. : Printing House of the Ministry of the Sea, 1893. - T. VII / The reign of Emperor Alexander I. D - O. - S. 123-126. - 672 p. - (Military Historical Library).