Earl Ulster

The title of Count Ulster was first created in 1205 for Hugo de Lacy , the youngest son of Hugo de Lacy , Lord Meath. Hugo was sent by King John Landless to Ireland in 1199 to wage war against John de Courcy , the Anglo-Norman knight who conquered lands in eastern Ulster , on the territory of the modern Irish counties of Down and Antrim . In 1204, Hugo de Lacy succeeded in capturing Kursi. As a reward, the king gave Hugo all the possessions he had won from Kursi and granted him the title of Earl of Ulster.

Hugo continued the conquest of Ireland - the northwestern part of Ulad . His heirs died earlier, so after the death of Hugo, the title of Count Ulster disappeared.

In 1264, the title of Earl of Ulster was recreated for Walter de Burg , 3rd Lord Connaught , to whom Prince Edward (future Edward I), the heir to King Henry III, exchanged Ulster for Munster . His son, Richard de Burgh , 2nd Earl of Ulster, was a close friend of King Edward I and took first place among the Irish rulers of this time. He supported England in the war against Scotland at Connaught. In 1315, the Scottish army invaded Ulster under the command of Edward Bruce , and Felim Wa Conhobair revolted in Connaught. As a result, Richard almost lost his possessions. But Phelim died in the second battle of Athenry , and Edward Bruce died in the battle of Foghart , after which Richard was able to regain control of his possessions in Ulster.

Richard was succeeded by his grandson William de Burgh , but already in 1333 he was killed. William's only heiress, Elizabeth de Burgh , was small, and a civil war broke out over the Burgs' inheritance between the three representatives of the Burgs, which lasted until 1338. As a result, most of the Burgas possessions in Ulster were captured by the Irish, the rest were divided by the warring parties. The widow of William de Burgh, Matilda of Lancaster , with her daughter fled to England. Although possessions in Ireland were lost, King Edward III recognized the title of Countess Ulster for Elizabeth de Burgh, marrying her third son Lionel .

Elizabeth and Lionel had only one daughter, Philip , who was married to Edmund Mortimer , 3rd Earl of March. As a result, the title of Baron Claire was added to the title of Count March. Edmund in 1379 was appointed English governor in Ireland. He tried to establish power in the hereditary possessions of his wife. He managed to achieve some success in East Ulster, where he was supported by a number of local leaders. But the attempt to expand the possessions of success did not bring him, and in December 1382 he caught a cold while crossing the river and died.

The title of Earl of Ulster was inherited by Roger Mortimer , the youngest son of Edmund and Philippa. When he became an adult, Richard took part in the Irish campaign of King Richard II , after which he was approved in 1394 by the governor of Ireland. However, he did not achieve much success in Ireland and died in 1398 during a small skirmish. His death caused a new uprising in Ireland.

After the extinction of the Mortimer family in 1432, the title on the female line passed to York . After Edward of York became King of England under the name of Edward IV in 1461, the title disappeared.

Subsequently, the kings of England recreated the title of Earl of Ulster several times for their relatives.

In 1928, the title was re-created for the Duke of Henry of Gloucester . The Dukes of Gloucester used this title as a courtesy title for their heirs. Currently, the title of Earl of Ulster is held by Alexander Windsor , heir to the Duke Richard of Gloucester .

Earls of Ulster, 1st Creation (1205)

• 1205 - 1242 : Hugo de Lacy (c. 1176 - until December 26, 1242), 1st Earl of Ulster from 1205

Earls of Ulster, 2nd Creation (1264)

• 1264 - 1271 : Walter de Burg (d. July 28, 1271), 3rd Lord Connacht from 1248, 1st Earl of Ulster from 1264
• 1271 - 1326 : Richard the Red de Burg (c. 1259 - July 29, 1326), 2nd Earl of Ulster and 4th Lord Connaught from 1271, son of the previous
• 1326 - 1333 : William de Burgh (September 17, 1312 - June 6, 1333), 3rd Earl of Ulster and 5th Lord Connaught from 1326, grandson of the previous
• 1333 - 1363 : Elizabeth de Burgh (July 6, 1332 - December 10, 1363), 4th Countess Ulster from 1333, 12th Lady Claire from 1360, daughter of the previous
  • husband: Lionel Antwerp (November 29, 1338 - October 17, 1368), Duke of Clarence
• 1363 - 1378 : Philippa Plantagenet (August 16, 1355 - until January 7, 1378), 13th Lady Claire, 5th Countess Ulster from 1363, daughter of the previous
  • husband: Edmund Mortimer (February 1, 1352 - December 27, 1381), 3rd Earl March , 5th Baron Mortimer from Wigmore and 4th Baron Geneville from 1360, Earl Ulster ( by right of wife ) and Lord Claire from 1368, Marshal England from 1369, governor of Ireland from 1379
• 1378 - 1398 : Roger Mortimer (April 11, 1374 - July 20, 1398), 4th Earl of March, 6th Earl of Ulster, 6th Baron Mortimer of Wigmore, 5th Baron Geneville, Lord Claire from 1381, son of the previous
• 1398 - 1425 : Edmund Mortimer (November 6, 1391 - January 18, 1425), 5th Earl March, 7th Earl Ulster, 7th Baron Mortimer from Wigmore, 6th Baron Geneville, Lord Claire from 1398, son of the previous
• 1432 - 1460 : Richard of York (September 21, 1411 - December 30, 1460), 3rd Duke of York from 1415, 6th Earl of March, 8th Earl of Ulster, 8th Baron Mortimer of Wigmore from 1425, 2nd Earl Cambridge since 1426, the nephew of the previous
• 1460 - 1461 : Edward of York (April 28, 1442 - April 10, 1483), 7th Earl of March 1445, 3rd Duke of York, 9th Earl of Ulster, 3rd Earl of Cambridge and 9th Baron Mortimer of Wigmore 1460-1461, king of England (as Edward IV) in 1461-1470 and 1471-1483, son of the previous

Earls of Ulster, 3rd Creation (1659)

• 1659 - 1685 : James Stewart (October 14, 1633 - September 16, 1701), Duke of York from 1644, Earl of Ulster from 1659, King of England (James II), Ireland (James II) and Scotland (James VI) in 1685-1688

Earls of Ulster, 4th Creation (1716)

• 1716 - 1728 : Ernst August of Hanover (September 17, 1674 - August 14, 1728), Duke of York and Albany and Earl of Ulster from 1716, younger brother of King George I

Earls of Ulster, 5th Creation (1760)

• 1760 - 1767 : Edward of England (March 25, 1739 - September 17, 1767), Prince of Great Britain, Duke of York and Albany and Earl of Ulster from 1760, younger brother of King George III

Earls of Ulster, 6th Creation (1784)

• 1784 - 1827 : Frederick of England (August 16, 1763 - January 5, 1827), Prince of Great Britain, Duke of York and Albany and Earl of Ulster from 1784, the youngest son of King George III

Earls of Ulster, 7th Creation (1866)

• 1866 - 1900 : Alfred Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (August 6, 1844 - July 31, 1900), Prince of Great Britain, Duke of Edinburgh, Earl of Ulster and Kent from 1866, second son of Queen Victoria and Prince Alert

Earls of Ulster, 8th Creation (1928)

• 1928 - 1974 : Henry (March 31, 1900 - June 10, 1974), Prince of Great Britain, Duke of Gloucester and Earl of Ulster from 1928, 3rd son of King George V
• from 1974 : Richard (born August 26, 1944), Duke of Gloucester and Earl of Ulster since 1974, son of the previous
  • Alexander Windsor (born October 24, 1974), Earl of Ulster

• Baron Connacht
• Count March
• Duke of York
• Duke of Gloucester

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• Lords of Meath (Lacy ) . Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Date of treatment January 5, 2014.
• Earls of Ulster (de Burgh) Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Date of treatment January 5, 2014.
• Burgh thePeerage.com. Date of treatment January 5, 2014.